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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Fakultas Teknik Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Lingkungan Jurnal Teknik Sipil Jurnal Purifikasi Jurnal Serambi Engineering Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LIMNOTEK Serambi Engineering
Prayatni Soewondo
Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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PENYEDIAAN AIR MINUM DI DAERAH PESISIR KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG MELALUI RAINWATER HARVESTING Rahmayanti, Ade Esti; Soewondo, Prayatni
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 21, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (444.417 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2015.21.2.2

Abstract

Abstrak: Atap rumah merupakan komponen utama dalam sistem pemanenan air hujan, sehingga selain dari kondisi lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kualitas air hujan, atap rumah juga memberikan pengaruh terhadap kualitas air hujan yang dipanen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari waktu Panen Air Hujan, lokasi pemanenan air hujan, dan beberapa jenis atap (asbes, seng dan genting tanah liat) terhadap kualitas air hujan terpanen. Beberapa parameter uji kualitas air (pH, kekeruhan, suhu, TDS, Fluorida, Nitrit, Nitrat, Besi, Seng, Kadmium, Kromium, Kesadahan, Mangan, Sulfat, Klorida) dianalisa dan hasilnya dibandingkan dengan standard baku mutu untuk air minum berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 492 Tahun 2010 tentang Persyaratan Kualitas Air Minum.Konsentrasi Kadmium (Cd) yang terkandung pada air hujan terpanen saat hujan kedua (0,0204 mg/L) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hujan pertama (0,0123 mg/L). Atap genting merupakan jenis atap yang paling ideal untuk melakukan pemanenan air hujan dan kualitas air hujan yang jatuh di lokasi industri maupun lokasi yang jauh dari industri tidak jauh berbeda. Kuantitas air hujan dalam rangka penyediaan air minum melalui pemanenan air hujan ditunjukkan dengan tingkat keandalan atau reliabilitas (Re) melalui simulasi tampungan air hujan untuk kapasitas tangki 1 m3 menggunakan data hujan selama tiga tahun berturut-turut dan simulasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa keandalan air hujan sebagai alternatif sumber air minum, sumber air untuk memasak pada saat musim penghujan berlangsung yang jatuh di lokasi studi bisa mencapai 79,84% dan 45,80%. Sedangkan tingkat keandalan air hujan sebagai alternatif sumber air minum sesuai dengan hasil survey bisa mencapai 91,97%. Survey sosial ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa tidak banyak masyarakat menyadari manfaat penggunaan air hujan dan beberapa dari mereka bahkan memiliki kesalahpahaman tentang kualitas air hujan. Persepsi negatif mengenai pemanenan air hujan adalah bahwa pemanenan air hujan bukan merupakan hal yang umum dilakukan terutama di daerah dekat dengan perkotaan. Kata kunci: Pemanenan air hujan, penyediaan air minum, kualitas air, kuantitas air hujan Abstract : Roof of the house is the main component in a rainwater harvesting system that gives direct impact towards the quality of the harvested rainwater regardless the environmental conditions. This study aims to determine the effect of time, location, and roofing material (asbestos, metal sheet and clay tiles)on the quality of rainwater harvested. Some water quality parameters (pH, turbidity, temperature, TDS, Fluoride, Nitrite, Nitrate, Iron, Zinc, Cadmium, Chromium) were analyzed and the results were compared to drinking water standard based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 492 of 2010. Cadmium (Cd) concentration contained in harvested rainwater after several rain events (0.0204 mg/L) is higher than the first rains (0.0123 mg/L). Clay tile roof is the most ideal roofing material for harvesting rainwater and the quality of rainwater that falls on industrial area and the residential area is not very different. The quantity of rainwater as a supporting capacity in drinking water through rainwater harvesting is indicated by the level of reliability (Re) through simulated rainwater tank capacity of 1 m3 using daily rainfall data for three consecutive years and simulations showed that the reliability of rainwater as an alternative source of drinking water attained 91.97% and 45.80% for cooking purpose. While the level of reliability of rainwater as an alternative source of drinking water based on the socio-economic survey is 79.84%.Socio-economic survey shows that not manylocal people are aware of the benefits of utilizing rainwaterandsome of them even have a misunderstanding regardingthe quality of rainwater. Negative perceptions about rainwater harvesting is that rainwater harvesting is not a common thing to do, especially in areas close to urban. Key words: Rainwater Harvesting, Water Supply, Water Quality, Rainwater Quantity
EFISIENSI PENYISIHAN SENYAWA ORGANIK PADA BIOWASTE FASA CAIR MENGGUNAKAN UPFLOW ANAEROBIC FIXED BED (UAFB) REACTOR DENGAN MEDIA PENUNJANG BATU APUNG Bachtiar, Wulandari; Soewondo, Prayatni
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 18, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.737 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jtl.2012.18.1.9

Abstract

Abstrak: Timbulan sampah kota yang semakin meningkat tidak disertai dengan meningkatnya luas lahan untuk TPA sehingga diperlukan suatu penanganan dan pengolahan sampah kota yang baik. Dilihat dari komposisi sampah, sebagian besar sampah kota di Indonesia tergolong sampah organik (biowaste). Pada penelitian ini digunakan biowaste yang berasal dari Pasar Induk Caringin Kota Bandung dengan proses biologi yang dilakukan adalah pengolahan secara anaerob menggunakan  reaktor  kontinu  Upflow  Anaerobic  Fixed  Bed  (UAFB)  dengan  media  penunjang  batu  apung, resirkulasi efluen, dan tanpa pengatur pH. Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk  melihat kinerja proses dan efisiensi penyisihan senyawa organik dengan reaktor UAFB skala laboratorium dalam mendegradasi biowaste fasa cair. Digunakan reaktor dengan volume operasi sebesar 9  liter dengan HRT ditentukan sebesar 6  hari dan variasi konsentrasi influen ±12.000, ±10.000, ±8.000, ±6.000, dan ±4.000 mg/L COD terlarut. Efisiensi penyisihan COD berkisar antara 60,67-91,70% dan pada variasi konsentrasi influen ±4.000 mg/L COD dengan beban organik sebesar 0,67 kg COD/m3/hari memberikan efisiensi penyisihan COD terbesar yaitu 91,70%. Biogas berupa gas metan yang terbentuk sebesar 52,14-77,42% (v/v) dengan pembentukan gas metan terbesar pada variasi konsentrasi influen ±4.000 mg/L COD. Besarnya gas metan yang terbentuk menunjukkan proses metanogenesis telah terjadi. Semakin  rendah konsentrasi influen, maka efisiensi penyisihan COD dan pembentukan gas metan semakin tinggi.Kata kunci: anaerob, batu apung, biowaste fasa cair, fixed bed, konsentrasi influen. Abstract: The increase of solid waste in urban areas has not been accomodated by the availability of landfill so that the proper handling and processing of municipal solid waste is necessary. From the view of waste composition, the majority of municipal solid waste in Indonesia is classified as organic waste (biowaste). One of the technological processes that can be used to process biowaste is Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) that involves the process of sorting, counting, mixing, and separation. Biowaste used in this study is obtained from the Caringin Market in Bandung with the biological processes that are applied in the anaerobic process using a continuous reactor Upflow Anaerobic Fixed Bed (UAFB) with pumice supporting media, effluent recirculation, and without pH control. This study aims to investigate a process performance and removal efficiency of organic compounds with UAFB reactor in laboratory scale to degrading liquid phase of bio-waste. A reactor with a volume of 9 liters was used for the operation applying 6 days HRT and influent concentration ±12.000, ±10.000, ±8.000, ±6.000, and ±4.000 mg/L soluble COD. The COD removal efficiency ranged from 60.67 to 91.70% and with variation of influent concentration 4,000 mg/L soluble COD with organic loading 0.67 kg COD/m3/day, the COD removal efficiency reach its highest level which is 91.70%. Biogas formed in the methane form ranged 52.14 to 77.42% (v/v) with the largest biogas formation occurs in the variation of influent concentration 4,000 mg/L soluble COD. The amount of methane formed indicates methanogenesis process has occurred. The lower influent concentration, the higher the COD removal efficiency and methane formation will be. Keyword: anaerobic, fixed bed, influent concentration, liquid phase of biowaste, pumice.
OPTIMASI PENURUNAN WARNA PADA LIMBAH TEKSTIL MELALUI PENGOLAHAN KOAGULASI DUA TAHAP Sartika Putri, Agustine; Soewondo, Prayatni
Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan Vol 16, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (891.486 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/j.tl.2010.16.1.2

Abstract

Abstrak : Limbah tekstil sebagian besar terdiri dari zat warna  yang digunakan untuk proses pencelupan dan pencapan pada kain. Jenis zat warna yang paling sering digunakan  dalam kegiatan industri adalah zat warna reaktif  azo seperti Remazol Red RB 133 yang digunakan dalam penelitian kali ini. Limbah zat warna ini akan sulit  terurai dan menyebabkan pencemaran bila dibuang tanpa melalui pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah limbah warna melalui koagulasi dua tahap (Two Stages Coagulation) yang merupakan proses koagulasi dengan dua kali pembubuhan koagulan disertai dua kali pengadukan cepat dan dilanjutkan satu kali proses flokulasi (Dewi.2008). Proses ini merupakan salah satu alternatif pengolahan air secara koagulasi untuk air dengan warna dan zat organik tinggi (Carlson et al, 2000) dan diperlukan karena proses koagulasi secara konvensional seringkali tidak berhasil pada beberapa kondisi air. Hal ini disebabkan jenis material dalam air berbeda-beda, setiap jenis material membutuhkan kondisi proses koagulasi yang bermacam-macam. Dosis optimum didapat melalui percobaab Jartest, pada pengolahan One Stage Coagulation didapatkan pada 0,2 mg/L Poly Aluminium Chloryde (PAC) dengan kondisi basa (pH 9), efisiensi penurunan konsentrasi warna mencapai 98,11%. Pada Two Stage Coagulation didapatkan dosis optimum yang lebih rendah yaitu 0,16 mg/L sehingga pemakaian PAC menjadi lebih ekonomis. Efisiensi penurunan konsentrasi warna mencapai 100% dengan membagi dosis koagulan secara merata (50:50) untuk setiap tahap diikuti pengaturan pH pada kondisi asam untuk tahap pertama dan kondisi basa untuk  tahap kedua. Namun secara garis besar, kondisi pH netral (pH 7) untuk kedua tahap juga memberikan hasil yang cukup maksimal.Abstract : Wastewater from textile industries consist of dye which is used for dyeing and printing the fabrics. Most of dye types commonly used are reactive azo such as Remazol Red RB 133 which is used in this research. It was undegradable and can caused pollution if  it was disposed without a treatment. This research done to treat dyes wastewater with Two Stages Coagulation. It is a kind of process which coagulant added and rapid mixing were done two times and followed with a flocculation process (Dewi, 2008)  . Two stages coagulation is one of water treatment alternatives by coagulation especially for water treatment with high color and organic matter (Carlson et al,2000). Because of mineral variaty in the water, some conventional coagulation are often not success to remove them, so it necessary to get an optimum condition of coagulation.The efficiency of Poly Aluminium Chloryde (PAC) in discoloration of dying wastewater has been investigated with the Jartest methode.The results show that  optimum dosage of one stage coagulation was 0,2 mg/L at pH 9, the efficiency of removal color reaches 98,11%. While the optimum dosage of Two Stages Coagulation is 0,16mg/L,  lower than One Stage Coagulation so that the consumption of PAC can be minimazed. The color removal efficiency reaches 100% by dividing coagulant added 50% of dosage for the first stage and the 50% other for the second stage, The pH adjustmet for the first stage before coagullant added was 5 (acid condition) and then pH should be incresed till 9 for the second stage. But, for overall the neutral condition (pH 7) give the optimum performance for color removal. But initially, when the initial pHis neutral for both stages, the two stages coagulation gives the best performance to color removal.Key words:  One Stage Coagulation,  pH, Poly Aluminium Chloryde (PAC), Two Stages Coagulation
Correlation Between Visual Improvement and Behavior Change of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Jodipan and Ksatrian Village, Indonesia Sarli, Prasanti Widyasih; Zakiyya, Nida Maisa; Soewondo, Prayatni
IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series No 6 (2017): The 3rd International Conference on Civil Engineering Research (ICCER) 2017
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j23546026.y2017i6.3302

Abstract

Indonesia, as a developing country, has many slum areas. Over the years, there have been many projects specifically targeting the improvement of slum areas, both at a national or regional level. One example of such project can be observed in Malang City, East Java, where visual improvements of a slum area is attempted by the application of colorfull paints throughout the settlements. Two of the initial projects are Jodipan and Ksatrian Village that are located on the riverside area of Brantas River, one of the biggest river in East Java. The original idea firstly came to Jodipan Village to improve the cleanliness of the area. As the Jodipan Village improved, this village became a local tourism area. Due to its success, the painting project was then adopted to the Ksatrian Village across the river. Before the project, the residents of the villages were used to throw their municipal solid waste to the river. Since the improvement projects ran, it has been found that the improvement can be linked to residents’ awareness for municipal solid waste management. This study focuses on the correlation of visual improvement and behavior change of municipal solid waste; and the differences between the correlations in each village (Jodipan and Ksatrian). A descriptive model was done by observation and questionnaire to the 48 residents of Jodipan Village and 69 residents of Ksatrian Village, with a tolerance for error of 0,1 and confidence level of 90%.
A Case Study of Excreta Disposal Following the 2006 Java Earthquake* Thye Yoke Pean; Agus Jatnika Effendi; Prayatni Soewondo; Damir Brdjanovic; Tjandra Setiadi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 47 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2015.47.2.9

Abstract

Providing safe excreta disposal following disasters is important for disease prevention and the safety and dignity of the affected population. This is challenging because every emergency varies due to the nature of the disaster, local conditions and the characteristics of the affected population. This paper investigates the impact of the 2006 Java earthquake on excreta disposal needs and the response to those needs. Relevant documents were retrieved from the ReliefWeb database, complemented by a literature search. The case study highlights gaps in rapidly providing latrines on a large scale. Three months after the disaster, only 57% of the latrines targeted had been provided. One way to address this problem is to better understand the factors affecting excreta disposal needs and response, allowing appropriate solutions to be identified more effectively.
Kinetics on Organic Removal by Aerobic Granular Sludge in Bubbled Airlift Continuous Reactor Andik Yulianto; Nida Maisa Zakiyya; Prayatni Soewondo; Marisa Handajani; Herto Dwi Ariesyady
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 51 No. 5 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.5.7

Abstract

An assessment of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in a bubbled airlift continuous reactor (BACR) was done to determine the AGS growth kinetics in the continuous reactor and the impact of varied hydraulic retention time (HRT) against the AGS structure. Sodium acetate was used as the sole carbon source with a 100:20 ratio of COD/N synthetic water. The system was operated at five variations of HRT, i.e. 12, 10, 8, 6, and 4 hours, with organic loading rate (OLR) ranging from 1.6 to 4.8 g COD/day in the BACR. Organic removal decreased from 73% to 52%, along with the increment of OLR, while HRT decreased from 12 hours to 4 hours. The kinetics of organic removal in the BACR were examined to get a better understanding of organic removal trends by AGS in a BACR. The models used for biomass growth analysis were the Monod, Contois, Grau second-order, and Stover-Kincannon kinetic models. This study showed that the best suited models for organic removal in BACR were the Grau second-order kinetic model with an a value of 0.1382 and a b value of 1.0776, and the Stover-Kincannon kinetic model with an Rmax of 5.8 g COD/L.day and a KB of 6.24 g COD/L.day.
Analysis of Faecal Sludge Treatment Alternatives to Enhance the Treatment Performance of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Denpasar Sewerage Development Project (DSDP) Suwung Denpasar City Gede Adi Wiguna Sudiartha; Prayatni Soewondo
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 53 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2021.53.6.3

Abstract

Most of the wastewater generated from domestic activities in Denpasar city is treated in an off-site treatment plant located in WWTP DSDP Suwung. This includes faecal sludge that originates from on-site treatment plants. The existing treatment facilities can only treat wastewater that has a maximum biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) concentration of around 225 mg/l while the disposed faecal sludge’s BOD concentration reaches 3,394 mg/l. Therefore, an additional faecal sludge treatment plant needs to be established in order to separate the solid phase from the liquid phase. According to the treatment performance calculation, some alternative treatments can achieve BOD5 and TSS removal of up to 97% and 98% respectively. The selection of the alternative treatment was decided from weighting results of several aspects, such as economic, land use, technological and environmental aspects. The weighting method that was used in this research was Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). The advantage of SAW is its ability to do the assessment highly precisely because it is based on predetermined criteria and preference weights. Based on the weighting result, the treatment technology selected was a Solid Separation Chamber as primary treatment, combined with an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor as a secondary treatment. A Belt Filter-Press was applied to reshape the sludge into a recyclable cake. The required cost is approximately 16 billion rupiahs.
Tinjauan Literatur Pengolahan Air Limbah dengan Biomassa Granular Aerobik pada Mode Operasi Kontinu Andik Yulianto; Prayatni Soewondo; Marisa Handayani; Herto Dwi Arisyady
Jurnal Sains & Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015): SAINS & TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jstl.vol7.iss2.art3

Abstract

Perubahan paradigma pengolahan air limbah yang menjadikan limbah sebagai sumberdaya membawa konsekuensi pada strategi pengolahan limbah yang harus dilakukan. Salah satu strategi adalah dengan menggunakan teknologi pengolahan air limbah menggunakan biomassa granular aerobik (Granular Aerobic Sludge, GAS) yang mempunyai kelebihan dalam beberapa hal dibandingkan dengan pengolahan air limbah dengan lumpur aktif konvensional. Penelitian yang dilakukan sebagaian besar menggunakan reaktor dalam mode operasi sequencing batch dan masih sedikit yang menggunakan mode operasi kontinu. Makalah ini mengkaji penggunaan reaktor kontinu dengan menggunakan GAS. Kajian dilakukan dengan penelusuran literatur. Hasil penelusuran literatur meunjukkan, mode operasi kontinu sudah dicoba sejak awal tahun 2000. Strategi untuk pembentukan GAS pada rektor kontinu yang dilakukan adalah dengan menambahkan inti presipitat dan memodifikasi reaktor konvensional. Apabila dibandingkan dengan penggunaan reaktor dengan mode operasi sequencing batch, maka mode operasi kontinu ini belum banyak dikembangkan, dan cenderung menghasilkan GAS dengan kualitas yang lebih rendah. Dengan demikian ruang untuk pengembangan reaktor untuk GAS pada mode operasi kontinu masih cukup luas.
Model Penerapan Drainase Berwawasan Lingkungan Skala Individu di Lahan Permukiman Kawasan Bandung Utara Hary Pradiko; Arwin Sabar; Prayatni Soewondo; Yadi Suryadi; Indragiri Jatikusuma
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 24 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2017.24.1.10

Abstract

AbstrakPerubahan luas lahan terbangun dapat mempengaruhi ekstremitas debit air yang menimbulkan ancaman banjir dan kekeringan di wilayah hilir Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS). Penanganan limpasan air hujan dengan drainase lingkungan sudah diterapkan. Akan tetapi lahan permukiman di perkotaan sangat terbatas, sehingga membutuhkan solusi pengendalian dari limpasan air hujan yang efektif dan efisien. Teknik peresapan air yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan sumur resapan dalam suatu persil permukiman di Kawasan Konservasi Bandung Utara untuk mendapatkan model penerapan sumur resapan yang efektif untuk penerapan konsep zero runoff. Metode perhitungan yang digunakan adalah metode rasional untuk limpasan permukaan dan Metode Sunjoto untuk peresapan air. Lokasi penelitian adalah suatu persil di kawasan permukiman Bandung Utara. Hasil perhitungan limpasan pada periode ulang hujan 20 tahun drain 1 sebesar 0,0182 m3/det dan drain 2-3 sebesar 0,0104 m3/det. Dibuat sumur resapan A berdiameter 0,8 m dan kedalaman 15 m berkemampuan resap 0,0244 m3/dt untuk meresapkan limpasan drain 1 dan sumur resapan B berdiameter 1,2 m dan kedalaman 10 m berkemampuan resap 0,0181 m3/dt untuk meresapkan limpasan drain 2-3. Sumur resapan yang dibuat dapat menampung limpasan air hujan pada periode ulang hujan 20 tahun, sehingga konsep zero runoff dapat diterapkan di persil-persil lain yang ada di Kawasan Bandung Utara.Abstract The increasing of land use can affect an extreme waterflow posed a threat of flooding and drought in downstream watershed. Handling runoff using the drainage system has been implemented. But the urban settlement land is very limits, so it's necessary to control runoff effectively and efficiently. The objective of this research is to apply zero runoff concept using infiltration wells in a small part of settlement in North Bandung. The used methods are a rational method and Sunjoto method. The research location is a part of settlement area in North Bandung. The results show that on 20-year rainfall return period, the runoff from drain 1 is about 0.0182 m3/s and from drain 2-3 is about 0.0104 m3/s. The first infiltration wells (A) (diameter of 0.8 m and a depth of 15 m) can infiltrate 0.0244 m3/s to absorb from drain 1 and the second one (B) (diameter of 1.2 m and a depth of 10 m) can infiltrate 0.0181 m3/s to absorb from drain 2-3. The infiltration wells can accommodate runoff in the 20-year rainfall return period, so the zero runoff concept can be applied in other settlement parts that exist in North Bandung area.
Studi Model Bisnis Eksisting dalam Implementasi Layanan Lumpur Tinja Terjadwal (LLTT) di Bawah Satuan Kerja (Studi kasus: Kota Bekasi dan Kota Makassar) dan BUMD (Studi kasus: Kota Medan dan Kota Surakarta) Saffanah Gumilangsari; Muhammad Sonny Abfertiawan; Prayatni Soewondo
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 19, No 3 (2021): November 2021
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.19.3.599-611

Abstract

Pengelolaan lumpur tinja masih menjadi tantangan yang besar bagi kota-kota di Indonesia. Untuk mendukung optimasi pengelolaan lumpur tinja, Pemerintah Indonesia bekerjasama dengan lembaga nasional maupun internasional telah mengimplementasikan metode Layanan Lumpur Tinja Terjadwal (LLTT) untuk memastikan tercapainya target sanitasi aman. LLTT merupakan bagian dari Sistem Pengelolaan Air Limbah Domestik (SPALD) yang telah diterapkan di beberapa kota di Indonesia dengan perbagai bentuk model bisnis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengevaluasi model bisnis yang mengimplementasikan metode LLTT di bawah operator satuan kerja atau UPTD (Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah) dan di bawah operator BUMD (Badan Usaha Milik Daerah) dengan metode observasi, studi literatur, serta wawancara. Untuk bentuk UPTD, penelitian dilakukan di Kota Bekasi dan Makassar sedangkan BUMD dilakukan di Kota Medan dan Surakarta. Hasilnya terdapat perbedaan dalam aspek teknis maupun tata kelola dalam implentasi layanan secara terjadwal. Pelaksanaan LLTT di bawah BUMD air minum memiliki pola penentuan zona layan berdasarkan meter air dan radius pelayanan IPLT untuk aspek teknis sedangkan perbedaan dalam hal tata kelola yaitu BUMD memiliki keunggulan atas tarif yang terintegrasi dengan rekening air minum dan memiliki otoritas lebih dalam alokasi pendapatan yang diperoleh atas tarif tersebut. Operator UPTD menentukan zona layanan berdasarkan batas administrasi kota, selain itu untuk aspek tata kelola UPTD memiliki keterbatasan dalam pengelolaan keuangan karena operasionalnya yang dianggarkan satu tahun sekali dalam APBD dan keterbatasan dalam memperoleh pendapatan lain diluar retribusi yang telah ditetapkan dalam peraturan daerah. ABSTRACTFaecal sludge management (FSM) is still a big challenge for cities in Indonesia. The Government of Indonesia in collaboration with national and international institutions has implemented the scheduled desludging service, in Indonesia we called it Layanan Lumpur Tinja Terjadwal (LLTT), to support the optimization of sludge management due in ensuring the achievement of safely managed sanitation targets. LLTT is part of the domestic wastewater management system which has been implemented in several cities in Indonesia with various forms of business models. This study aims to identify and evaluate the business model that implements the LLTT method that operate under Local’s Work Units (UPTD) and under Regional/Locals’s Owned Enterprises (BUMD) with the method of observation, literature study, and interviews. The research was conducted in the cities of Bekasi and Makassar for UPTD, while the BUMD was conducted in the cities of Medan and Surakarta. The result shows the differences in technical and governance aspects in the implementation of scheduled services. The implementation of LLTT under drinking water BUMD determine the service zone based on water meters and fecal sludge treatment plant’s service radius for technical aspects, while the difference in governance aspect is that BUMD has advantages over tariffs that are integrated with drinking water bills and has more authority in the allocation of income earned on those revenue. UPTD operators determine service zones based on city administrative boundaries, in addition to aspects of governance, UPTD has limitations in financial management due to their operation expenditure which are budgeted once a year in the local revenue budget and limitations in obtaining other income outside the retribution that has been legalized in city/district regulations.
Co-Authors Ade Esti Rahmayanti Agus Jatnika Effendi Agus Waluyo Agustine Sartika Putri Amy Angelia Andik Yulianto Andik Yulianto Angela Deviliana S Annisa Ritka May Annisa Satwika Lestari Arianto Budi Santoso Ariesyady, Herto Dwi Arif, Maulana Nur Arwin Sabar Astried Sunaryani Atirza, Valerie Bachtiar, Wulandari Benno Rahardyan Chihiro Yoshimura Cynthia Henny Cynthia Henny Damir Brdjanovic Denalis Rohaningsih Dion Awfa Durriyyah, Samahatud Dyah Wulandari Putri Faizal Immaddudin Wira Rohmat Fandya, Arie Farisah Inarah Rahmat Hasby Fathiya Mufidah Gede Adi Wiguna Sudiartha Herto Dwi Ariesyady Herto Dwi Arisyady Indragiri Jatikusuma Jatikusuma, Indragiri Lestari, Annisa Satwika Lulu Destiana Purwita Lulu Destiana Purwita Mahmud, Mahmud Marisa Handajani Marisa Handajani Marisa Handayani Martin Darmasetiawan Maulana Nur Arif Michael Subroto Misbul Hadi Muhammad Sonny Abfertiawan Nico Halomoan Nida Maisa Zakiyya Nurul Setiadewi Nurul Setiadewi Pradiko, Hary Prismita Nursetyowati, Prismita Purwita, Lulu Destiana Purwita, Lulu Destiana Rahmayanti, Ade Esti Ramdhani, Widya Reksa Buana Rininta Triananda Noor Rofiq Iqbal Sabar, Arwin Saffanah Gumilangsari Samahatud Durriyyah Sarli, Prasanti Widyasih Sartika Putri, Agustine Setiadi, Tjandra Setiyawan, Ahmad Soleh Sinardi, Sinardi Suprihanto Notodarmojo Suryadi, Yadi Thye Yoke Pean Va Vandith Valerie Atirza Vandith VA Wisnu Prayogo Wulandari Bachtiar Yadi Suryadi Yulianto, Andik