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Justice Delayed, Justice Denied: A Critical Examination of Repeated Suspect Status in Indonesia Susilo, Erwin; Din, Mohd.; Suhaimi, Suhaimi; Mansur, Teuku Muttaqin
Hasanuddin Law Review VOLUME 10 ISSUE 3, DECEMBER 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/halrev.v10i3.6088

Abstract

The Indonesian criminal justice system faces critical issues with the repeated designation of individuals as suspects, which compromises legal certainty and the protection of human rights. This study provides a critical analysis of the procedural and ethical consequences of repeated suspect designations within the framework of Indonesia's Criminal Procedure Code. This study employs a doctrinal legal research methodology, incorporating statute, case and conceptual approaches. The results show that pretrial judges assess the validity of suspect designations based on procedural and formal principles. Their authority is confined to reviewing formal aspects. These limitations underscore that pretrial proceedings focus solely on administrative and procedural compliance rather than the substantive merits of the case. This formalist perspective follows civil procedural principles, emphasizing procedural correctness over material truth. While pretrial judges can annul a suspect designation, investigators can re-designate the person as a suspect if new evidence is presented. Such a reform would ensure a more balanced relationship between judicial oversight and investigative authority, minimizing arbitrary practices and enhancing procedural fairness. However, the recurring practice of re-designating suspects raises a significant flaw in the system, undermining legal certainty and eroding public trust.
Access to Justice: An Effective Pretrial Model to Guarantee the Right to Defense for Suspects in Indonesia Susilo, Erwin; Din, Mohd; Suhaimi; Mansur, Teuku Muttaqin
Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan Vol 14 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Strategi Kebijakan Hukum dan Peradilan Mahkamah Agung RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25216/jhp.14.2.2025.317-350

Abstract

This paper examines the ineffectiveness of the pretrial mechanism in Indonesia in guaranteeing the right of suspects to submit and request examination of exculpatory evidence during the investigation stage. Although the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC) provides a legal basis for this right, no rules guarantee that investigators will conduct such examinations, as evidenced by several cases in which investigators ignored such requests. This study is normative legal research, employing a statutory, conceptual, and comparative approach. It compares the Brady Rule in the United States, which requires prosecutors to disclose evidence favorable to the defendant, and the Dutch model of the 'rechter-commissaris', which grants judges the authority to oversee investigative actions actively. The results of this study recommend expanding the authority of pretrial judges to order investigators to examine mitigating evidence based on requests from the suspect or their legal counsel. This reform is important to realize the principles of fair trial, favor defensionis, and equality of arms, as well as to strengthen constitutional protection of human rights and the values of Pancasila. Preliminary hearings, as conceptualized here, can address the injustices that remain unresolved despite decades since the enactment of the CPC in 1981.
The Influence of Law Enforcement on Restorative Justice-Based Conflict Resolution within the Customary Law in Aceh, Indonesia Abdullah, M Adli; Mansur, Teuku Muttaqin; Masrizal, Masrizal; Muhammad Rasyid, Laila; Priyono, Ery Agus
LAW REFORM Vol 22, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/lr.v22i1.63943

Abstract

The Indigenous People Community (IPC) in Aceh engages in collaborative efforts with law enforcement agencies to mediate disputes via customary courts, as delineated in Aceh Qanun Number 9 of 2008 pertaining to the Advancement of Customary Life and Traditions. Nevertheless, the escalating preeminence of formal legal frameworks has elicited apprehensions regarding the efficacy of customary sanctions in the context of community-driven conflict resolution. The objective of this research endeavor is to scrutinize the function of the police within the sphere of customary dispute resolution and to investigate the implications of their involvement on the jurisdiction of customary law institutions at the village level. The methodological approach employed in this inquiry is descriptive, supplemented by an empirical methodology. Primary data were acquired through direct observation and interviews with pivotal stakeholders, while secondary data were procured from ancillary documentation. The findings indicate that despite the successful resolution of 18 cases at the village level, the influence of the police tends to eclipse the authority of customary courts. The effectiveness of customary sanctions diminishes when formal law is accorded precedence, particularly in instances such as livestock theft or minor violent offenses. The conclusions that can be inferred suggest that excessive police involvement undermines the robustness of customary law, thereby contravening Article 13 paragraph (3) of Aceh Qanun 9/2008, which stipulates a preference for resolution through customary means at the village level.