Articles
<![CDATA[Komunitas Epistemik dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri: Peran INACA dalam ASEAN Open Sky ]]>
<![CDATA[Auva Syiahnaz Rizky Shafira]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Rosyidin]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i3.34452
<![CDATA[The implementation of infrastructure development in ASEAN economic cooperation in the realm of air and maritime transportation is the cornerstone of the establishment of the ASEAN Open Sky. In every policy-making, Indonesia opens access for interest groups, including the epistemic community who want to exert influence in foreign policy. The epistemic community is a network of professionals with recognized expertise and has the authority to propose or make policies on certain issues that are relevant to their knowledge. The objective of this research is to explain the role of the epistemic community in the making and implementation of foreign policy, in this case INACA in ASEAN Open Sky using constructivism theory. According to constructivism, epistemic communities have an important role in policy making and implementation, they can help to shape the interests and preferences of the state. This research uses the qualitative method and the data needed is obtained through primary and secondary resources by interviewing relevant organizations and reviewing relevant literatures, such as books, journals, news, and another online sources. The interview method was carried out online through questionnaires. This research shows that the role of the epistemic community in policy making is less significant caused by the domination of the government and lack of support for the research development process by the epistemic community.]]>
<![CDATA[Keterlibatan Evrazisky Soyuz Molodezhi dalam Konflik di Ukraina ]]>
<![CDATA[Yoga Arfiansyah Firdaus]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Rosyidin]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 7, Nomor 3, Tahun 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v7i3.30678
<![CDATA[Evrazisky Soyuz Molodezhi (ESM) is one of the international organizations actively involved in the Ukrainian conflict. This involvement includes the use of network warfare tactics (stevaia voina), guerrilla warfare (partizanskiye deystviya), forming an anti-US international alliance (‘Coalition of Disatisfied’), and aggressive forms of action. This study aims to explain the motives for ESM involvement in the Ukrainian conflict. This study used a qualitative research method with an explanative research type through the mechanism of idea as road maps approach by Goldstein & Keohane. This study concludes that ESM's involvement in the Ukrainian conflict is influenced by ideas such as the dualism of ‘The Great War of the Continents’, Asimmetrichnaya Voyna, the ‘Coalition of Disatisfied’, and the significance of Novorossiya embedded in Neo-Eurasianism ideology. These ideas influence ESM preferences and the pathways to achieve them.]]>
<![CDATA[Dampak Konvensi the United Nation General Assembly Special Session on Drugs 2016 Terhadap Stabilitas Keamanan Negara Mexico ]]>
<![CDATA[Khidam Sariyyan Ariyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 6, Nomor 3, Tahun 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v6i3.28005
<![CDATA[In 2016 Mexico tried hard to encourage the United Nations to be able to provide a solution to the problems in their country, namely the cartel war which until now the tension is still felt by the people to create chaos. UNODC as a facilitator and as part of protection against narcotics and terror crimes agreed to hold an annual meeting of UNGASS, which during the meeting as a whole in April 2016 discussed changes in policy on certain compounds to be able to overcome cartel problems that disrupt national security in the country. The UNGASS results were welcomed by countries that really needed a solution rather than a deadlock in solving the problem of war between the cartels, in which the elected President of Mexico in 2016 President Jose Pena Nieto ratified the international policy and hoped for a change in Mexico's security stability. Increasing prediction of narcotics in the category of "hard drugs" which is a form of ineffectiveness as a result of the previous narcotics convention (convention 1961), changes in the legal status of cannabis approved by international organizations is a form of effort to handle cases of narcotics distribution in the world without using violence. The use of the concept of the International Regime according to Stephen D. Kranser which focuses on the creation of norms of a regime and is explained using the Participant Understanding approach in responding to Mexico's participation in creating and implementing the 2016 UNGASS recommendation policy into its national law which is a form of the country's seriousness in overcoming and overcoming resolve cartel problems that interfere with Mexico's security stability.]]>
<![CDATA[Penanganan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan di Denmark di bawah Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) dibalik Tingginya Prevalensi Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan pada tahun 2014 ]]>
<![CDATA[Amanda Alya Sarrah]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.35030
<![CDATA[Violence against women is a form of discrimination against women and is regulated under the 1981 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). Violence against women is a global issue. It also still occurs in developed countries such as Denmark. In fact, despite the remarkable achievements in the agenda of gender equality in the economic, political and social fields, the prevalence of violence that occurred in 2003 and 2014 was still high. As a binding instrument, CEDAW provides an obligation for the state to comply with and to implement concrete measures in the protection of women. Therefore, the author in this study sought to see how Denmark's compliance forms to fulfill its obligations in dealing with violence against women according to this Convention. This qualitative research uses compliance theory by paying attention to the dynamics and the challenges of handling violence against women under the Convention. There are several findings in this study. First, although Denmark has implemented significant measures in dealing with violence against women, CEDAW has not been fully implemented by Denmark. Second, the increasing number of immigrants and the financial crisis have affected the success in protecting women. Third, the social and cultural conditions of the community have not completely changed. Therefore, Denmark can be categorized as a high compliance-low effectiveness country.]]>
<![CDATA[Integrasi Faktor Struktur dan Domestik dalam Kebijakan Jaringan Bersih 5G Amerika Serikat pada Masa Pemerintahan Donald Trump ]]>
<![CDATA[Advenia Prihatini Widyaningrum]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Riswanti Putranti]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.35488
<![CDATA[The development of 5G technology has become a new realm in the technological competition between the United States and China. This technology competition focuses on competing for dominance of global core technologies, which can provide economic benefits through standard setting, patents, and global supply chains. Huawei, a technology company from China, is said to have dominated 5G development based on the number of patents and company spending on research and development of this internet network. The United States as a first-mover country that for decades has led the development of global internet network technology, is facing challenges with Huawei's rapid development in the development of 5G technology. The escalation of competition has increased with the designation of Huawei as a threat to the United States by President Donald Trump. The Clean Network policy initiative was also later issued by the Trump administration to block Huawei's 5G network in America. This initiative was also used to lobby allied countries to join this policy. This raises questions about the factors driving the establishment of the Clean Network policy as a response to United States' concerns about the leadership of Chinese tech companies in 5G development. This research uses Neoclassical Realism theory to explain the factors causing the choice of the Clean Network policy as the United States' response to pressure from the leadership of Chinese companies. This theory will combine the analysis of international and domestic structures in understanding the behavior of the United States.]]>
<![CDATA[Partisipasi Perempuan Indonesia dalam Ekonomi Kreatif untuk Mewujudkan Sustainable Development Goals ]]>
<![CDATA[Idrina Nur Khairunnisa]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Riswanti Putranti]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i3.34459
<![CDATA[The participation of women in the development process is important in achieving the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through their participation, women can support the success of the SDGs as well as encourage a country's economic growth. The creative economy is a sector that the Indonesian government has chosen to increase women's participation. Although the Government has succeeded in making women the main actors in the creative economy, in fact, the efforts made by the Government are not enough because women are still faced a number of vulnerabilities. With this background, this research is aimed to discuss why women's participation in the creative economy in Indonesia has not been maximized to achieve the SDGs through the Gender and Development framework. Furthermore, this research will also look at the fulfillment of the practical needs and strategic interests of women who participate in the creative economy. This research uses a qualitative method with sources obtained from literature studies and interviews. Based on the research that has been done, it was found that the main causes that women's participation has not been maximized to achieve the SDGs through the creative economy are the social construction of gender and the unfulfilled practical needs and strategic interests of women.]]>
<![CDATA[Kebijakan Luar Negeri Turki: Kesepakatan Turki kepada Rusia dalam Mendirikan Pusat Gabungan Turki-Rusia Pasca Konflik Nagorno- Karabakh ]]>
<![CDATA[Falentinoris Yubilio Wiku]]>;
<![CDATA[Ika Riswanti Putranti]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i3.34353
<![CDATA[The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, which has become a legacy of the Soviet Union, broke out again on September 27, 2020. This conflict involved Armenia and Azerbaijan, and attracted the attention of international actors, such as Turkey and Russia. The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lasted for more than six weeks which culminated in a ceasefire agreement signed by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Russia on November 9, 2020. In order to oversee the implementation of this ceasefire agreement, Turkey signed an agreement with Russia to establish a Joint Turkey-Russia Center in November 10, 2020. The purpose of this study is to reveal why Turkey made an agreement with Russia to establish a Joint Turkey-Russia Center in Azerbaijan after the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict (2020). The method used in this research is an explanatory-qualitative approach. This study uses Walter Carlsnaes' Foreign Policy Theory as a theoretical framework. The findings of this study reveal that Turkey made an agreement with Russia in establishing the Turkey-Russia Joint Center because of Turkey's dependence on Russia and the ineffectiveness of co-chairs OSCE Minsk Group , as well as the influence of Turkey's foreign policy doctrine which then prompted Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan to take strategic role with Russia as well as intermediary for the peace process for Azerbaijan after the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.]]>
<![CDATA[Perspektif Feminisme Standpoint Pada Perjuangan Perempuan Palestina Terhadap Sikap Diskriminatif Tentara Israel Dalam Konflik Israel-Palestina ]]>
<![CDATA[Yovanka Ayunita Deborah Lasut]]>;
<![CDATA[Mohamad Rosyidin]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8 Nomor 4, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i4.35483
<![CDATA[Awareness of women's rights is very low in Palestine. Most of the Palestinian women have lost their basic rights because of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Israel's security policies have harmed women including imposing restrictions on free movement, demolition of houses, and carrying out torture during interrogation. this issue creates a feeling of insecurity for Palestinian women. This encourages Palestinian women to carry out resistance movements. Therefore, the author's research aims to find out how the struggle of Palestinian women against the discriminatory actions of the Israeli army by analyzing using standpoint feminism theory and the concept of gender which is in line with women's rights. Based on the results of this study, the authors found a discussion that revealed that the Palestinian women's movement is a response to all forms of discrimination committed against Palestinian women by Israeli soldiers with the aim of liberating Palestine from Israeli rule so that they can regain their rights that have been deprived of them.]]>
<![CDATA[Ekspor Limbah Elektronik dari Beberapa Negara Eropa ke Ghana dalam Perspektif Imperialisme Ekologi ]]>
<![CDATA[Gracety Fani Oktavia br Ginting]]>;
<![CDATA[Rr. Hermini Susiatiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 2, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i2.33511
<![CDATA[Exports of e-waste from several European countries to Ghana are common. The mostimpact by Ghana is the pollution of the environment which then causes the health of thepeople of Ghana to be disrupted because the toxins produced by burning electronic wasteare contaminated with the environment. On the other hand, Europe exports e-wastebecause it wants to create effectiveness and efficiency in e-waste management issues. Thisstudy aims to find out why the dimension of injustice is present in the phenomenon of ewasteexports from European countries to Ghana. The theory used to answer the problemformulation is the theory of ecological imperialism, which was coined by Alfred Crosby.The author uses the literature study method in collecting data from books,journals/articles, websites, and international news. The result of this study is that theexport of e-waste from Europe to Ghana has created a dimension of injustice that has ledto European colonization of the environment by Europe to Ghana, this is due todifferences in environmental quality, economic inequality, differences in social andcultural conditions, and implementation of regulations and inadequate policies.]]>
<![CDATA[Proses Integrasi Nasional Dalam Pembangunan Bangsa Ukraina: Merespon Momentum Euromaidan ]]>
<![CDATA[Andi Hilman Tejasuar]]>;
<![CDATA[Marten Hanura]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of International Relations Diponegoro Volume 8, Nomor 3, Tahun 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/jirud.v8i3.34963
<![CDATA[Sejak merdekanya Ukraina di tahun 1991, garis polarisasi terbagi kedalam dua (2) prinsip yang saling berkontradiksi dan bersinggungan—prinsip Barat dengan gaya liberal haus akan perubahan versus prinsip Timur yang lebih konservatif cerminan sisi historis bangsa. Garis tersebut mempengaruhi semua isu, mulai dari isu sosial; bahasa, budaya, dan agama, hinga isu politik pemerintahan. Situasi ini mempengaruhi krisis identitas nasional Ukraina selama beberapa dekade diikuti melemahnya pemerataan pembangunan. Sejatinya, garis polarisasi di Ukraina sulit untuk hilang begitu saja karena telah terbentuk sejak lama. Gelombang demonstrasi Euromaidan yang sebetulnya disebabkan atas ketidakpuasan masyarakat terhadap rezim Viktor Yanukovych di tahun 2014—awalnya dipicu oleh masyarakat Ukraina bagian barat, berubah menjadi sebuah revolusi berskala nasional setelahnya. Intervensi asing yang terjadi pasca-Euromaidan mengancam keamanan bangsa. Ditengah semua konflik yang terjadi pasca-Euromaidan—aneksasi Krimea dan perang di Donbas, muncul sebuah harapan baru bagi Ukraina untuk membentuk integrasi nasional yang solid. Kepentingan mempertahankan hidup, kedaulatan, dan keamanan bangsa mengharuskan rakyat Ukraina untuk bersatu. Momentum ini akan mempengaruhi masa depan Ukraina selanjutnya, berkaitan dengan runtuhnya garis polarisasi, juga berkaitan dengan posisi Ukraina dalam sistem politik internasional.]]>
