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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrochar and Bio-oil from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sargassum sp. using Choline Chloride (ChCl) Catalyst Rustamaji, Heri; Prakoso, Tirto; Rizkiana, Jenny; Devianto, Hary; Widiatmoko, Pramujo; Guan, Guoqing
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 2 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.42595

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to alter the biomass of Sargassum sp. into elective fills and high valuable biomaterials in a hydrothermal process at 200oC for 90 minutes, using ZnCl2 and CaCl2 activating agents, withChClas a catalyst. This method generatedthree primaryoutputs: hydrochar, bio-oil, and gasproducts. ChCl to water ratio varies from 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1. The hydrochar yield improved when the catalyst ratio was increased, but the bio-oil and gas yield declined. The highest hydrochar yields were 76.95, 63.25, and 44.16 percent in ZnCl2, CaCl2, and no activating agent samples, respectively.The porosity analysis observed mesopore structures with the most pore diameters between 3.9-5.2 nm with a surface area between 44.71-55.2. The attribute of interaction between activator and catalyst plays a role in pore formation. The hydrochar products with CaCl2 showed the best thermal stability. From the whole experiment, the optimum hydrochar yield (76.95%), optimum surface area (55.42 m2 g-1), and the increase in carbon content from 21.11 to 37.8% were achieved at the ratio of ChCl to water was three, and the activating agent of ZnCl2. The predominant bio-oil components were hexadecane, hexadecanoic, and 9-octadecenoic acids, with a composition of 51.65, 21.44, and 9.87%, respectively the remaining contained aromatic alkanes and other fatty acids. The findings of this study reported that adding activating agents and catalysts improve hydrochar yield and characteristics of hydrochar and bio-oil products, suggesting the potential of hydrochar as a solid fuel or biomaterial and bio-oil as liquid biofuel
Performance Evaluation of An Electrolyte-Supported Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (IT-SOFC) with Low-Cost Materials Fauzi Yusupandi; Hary Devianto; Pramujo Widiatmoko; Isdiriayani Nurdin; Sung Pil Yoon; Tae-Hoon Lim; Aditya Farhan Arif
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 11, No 4 (2022): November 2022
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.2022.46735

Abstract

Intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) provides economic and technical advantages over the conventional SOFC because of the wider material use, lower fabrication cost and longer lifetime of the cell components. In this work, we fabricated electrolyte-supported IT-SOFC using low-cost materials such as calcia-stabilized zirconia (CSZ) electrolyte fabricated by dry-pressing, NiO-CSZ anode and Ca3Co1.9Zn0.1O6 (CCZO) cathode produced through brush coating technique. According to the XRD result, the monoclinic phase dominated over the cubic phase, and the relative density of the electrolyte was low but the hardness of the CSZ electrolyte was close to the hardness of commercial 8YSZ electrolyte. The performance of the single cell was performed with hydrogen ambient air. An open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.43, 0.46, and 0.45 V and a maximum power density of 0.14, 0.50, and 1.00 mW/cm2 were achieved at the operating temperature of 600, 700, and 800 °C, respectively. The ohmic resistance of the cell at 700 and 800 °C achieved 81.5 and 33.00 Ω, respectively due to the contribution of thick electrolyte and Cr poisoning in electrodes and electrolyte
Co-Authors Aditya Farhan Arif Adriaan Adriaan Adriaan Adriaan Adriaan, Adriaan Aghietyas Choirun Az Zahra Aida Nur Ramadhani Al-Aziz, Rd. Habib R. M. T. Ananda, Wisnu Anastasia Yuandy Anies Mutiari Anna Sonya Asoka Ardiyan Harimawan Ardiyan Harimawan Aslan, Christian Auliardi, Dzaky Bork Ilsemann Dadan Kusdiana Daniel Yonathan, Daniel DARMANSYAH . Dian Shofinita Dicky Tri Jatmiko Eviani, Mitra Fauzi Yusupandi Febriyanto, Pramahadi Ferdyan Ihza Akbar Fitri, Hera Rahma Gatalie, Kreszen Livianus Guan, Guoqing Harimawan, Ardiyan Henry Natanail Purwito Heri Rustamaji Hilham Zamriko Koto Ignatius Chandra Kurniawan Ilsemann, Bork Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin Isdiriayani Nurdin James B. Winterburn Jerry Jerry Josephine Christine Utomo Khodiyat, Nicholas Koto, Hilham Zamriko Listiani Artha Melanie, Susiana Mhd Ridho Utomo Mike Reich Mitra Eviani Muhammad Mara Ikhsan Mutiari, Anies Nurdin, Isdiriayani Nurdin, Isdiriayani Pramahadi Febriyanto Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pramujo Widiatmoko Pusparizkita, Yustina Metanoia Rd. Habib R. M. T. Al-Aziz Reich, Mike Rendy Rendy Ridho Eka Yandra Rizkiana, Jenny Rizky Eka Ahmad Saputera, Wibawa Hendra Satria, Arysca Wisnu Schmahl, Wolfgang Setiadi, Tjandra Shofinita, Dian Simparmin br Ginting Sukmana, Ira Febrianty Sung Pil Yoon Susiana Melanie Tae-Hoon Lim Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja Tatto Bustomi Thadeo, Francesco Tiara Calista Shandy Tirto Prakoso Tirto Prakoso Utomo, Mhd Ridho Vita Wonoputri Widiatmoko, Pramujo Winterburn, James B. Wisnu Ananda Wolfgang Schmahl Yandra, Ridho Eka Yustina Metanoia Pusparizkita Yusupandi, Fauzi