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Abdul Aziz Alsa, Abdul Aziz
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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ANALISIS RATIO DECIDENDI TENTANG PENJATUHAN PIDANA PENCUCIAN UANG DENGAN KEJAHATAN ASAL PENIPUAN (Analisis Putusan Nomor: 365/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Jkt Tim) Tamado Donmes; Sunarmi Sunarmi; Abdul Aziz Alsa
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.3100

Abstract

Money laundering is not just an illegal transaction, but a mechanism that allows criminals to disguise the proceeds of crime so that they can be used without suspicion. Therefore, the crime of money laundering is often closely related to predicate crimes, such as corruption, narcotics, fraud, and other crimes that are the source of funds for these illegal practices. The research method uses normative legal research, with the nature of analytical descriptive research, with the approach of legislation approach, concept approach, and case approach. Sources include primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique is through library research. The data collection tool is document study (documentary research), then analyzed qualitatively. This legal construction has fulfilled the principle of legal certainty because it is formulated clearly and structured in the Money Laundering Law. Law enforcement officers should be more careful in proving the subjective and objective elements of the offense of Article 3 of the TPPU Law, so that criminal liability is not imposed on parties who do not fulfill the elements of actus reus and mens rea in their entirety. The panel of judges in deciding the case does not only adhere to formal interpretation, but also carefully considers the legal facts, as well as substantive justice and proportionality of the defendant's role, so that the decision truly reflects the balance between legal certainty, benefit, and justice.Keyword: Ratio Decidendi, Money Laundering, Crime, Fraud.Abstrak: Pencucian uang bukan sekadar transaksi ilegal, tetapi merupakan mekanisme yang memungkinkan pelaku kejahatan untuk menyamarkan hasil kejahatan agar dapat digunakan tanpa dicurigai. Oleh sebab itu, tindak pidana pencucian uang sering kali berkaitan erat dengan kejahatan asal (predicate crime), seperti korupsi, narkotika, penipuan, dan tindak pidana lainnya yang menjadi sumber dana bagi praktik ilegal tersebut. Metode Penelitian menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif, dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif analitis, dengan pendekatan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konsep, dan pendekatan kasus. Sumber meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah dengan studi kepustakaan (library research). Alat pengumpulan data yaitu studi dokumen (documentary research), kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Konstruksi hukum ini telah memenuhi prinsip kepastian hukum karena dirumuskan secara jelas, dan terstruktur dalam Undang-Undang Pencucian Uang. Seharusnya, aparat penegak hukum lebih teliti dalam membuktikan unsur-unsur subjektif dan objektif delik Pasal 3 UU TPPU, agar pertanggungjawaban pidana tidak dijatuhkan kepada pihak yang tidak memenuhi unsur actus reus dan mens rea secara utuh. Majelis hakim dalam memutus perkara tidak hanya berpegang pada penafsiran formil, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan fakta-fakta hukum secara teliti, serta keadilan substantif dan proporsionalitas peran terdakwa, agar putusan benar-benar mencerminkan keseimbangan antara kepastian hukum, kemanfaatan, dan keadilan.Kata kunci: Ratio Decidendi, Pencucian Uang, Kejahatan, Penipuan.
PERAN KEJAKSAAN DALAM UPAYA PEMBERANTASAN MAFIA TANAH DI KEJAKSAAN NEGERI BELAWAN Gamaliel Ginting; Wessy Trisna; Abdul Aziz Alsa
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.3782

Abstract

Abstract: The principle of guaranteeing legal certainty and certainty of land rights is also a principle that applies in Indonesian land law. There are several modus operandi or techniques of operating methods used by land mafia perpetrators in committing crimes, including falsifying documents, illegal or unlawful occupation (wilde occupatie), seeking legality in court, engineering cases, collusion with certain officials to obtain legality, corporate crimes such as embezzlement and fraud, falsification of land rights management powers, conducting land sales and purchases that are carried out as if they were formal, and the loss of land certificates. The research method used in this writing is the normative legal research type. The research approach used is the statute approach and the case approach. Data sources in this study include primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique used in this study is library research with a document study data collection tool (documentary research). To analyze all the legal materials that have been collected, this study uses qualitative data analysis. Thus, the comprehensive steps that have been taken by the Prosecutor's Office are by issuing Circular Letter of the Attorney General Number 16 of 2021 concerning the Eradication of Land Mafia. Keyword: Prosecutor, Eradication, Mafia, Land. Abstrak: Prinsip jaminan atas kepastian hukum dan kepastian hak atas tanah juga merupakan prinsip yang berlaku dalam hukum tanah Indonesia. Ada beberapa modus operandi atau teknik cara-cara beroperasi yang digunakan oleh pelaku mafia tanah dalam melakukan kejahatan antara lain melakukan pemalsuan dokumen, pendudukan ilegal atau tanpa hak (wilde occupatie), mencari legalitas di pengadilan, rekayasa perkara, kolusi dengan oknum aparat untuk mendapatkan legalitas, kejahatan korporasi seperti penggelapan dan penipuan, pemalsuan kuasa pengurusan hak atas tanah, melakukan jual beli tanah yang dilakukan seolah-olah secara formal, dan hilangnya warkah tanah. Metode Penelitian yang dipakai dalam penulisan ini yaitu jenis penelitian hukum normatid. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Sumber data dalam penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan alat pengumpul data studi dokumen (documentary research). Untuk menganalisis seluruh bahan hukum yang telah terkumpul, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data kualitatif. Dengan demikian, adapun langkah komprehensif yang telah dilakukan oleh Kejaksaan yaitu dengan menerbitkan Surat Edaran Jaksa Agung Nomor 16 Tahun 2021 tentang Pemberantasan Mafia Tanah. Kata kunci: Kejaksaan, Pemberantasan, Mafia, Tanah.
ANALISIS HUKUM TERHADAP UPAYA PENCEGAHAN DAN DETEKSI PENCUCIAN UANG DALAM BISNIS ASURANSI BNI LIFE (Studi Putusan Nomor 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN) Nurul Qoedatul Khoiriyah Siregar; Mahmud Mulyadi; Abdul Aziz Alsa
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v9i3.6683

Abstract

Abstract: Money laundering is a crime that can exploit various financial service sectors—including the insurance industry—as a means to disguise the origins of assets derived from criminal activity. The increasing complexity of insurance products and services heightens the risk of the sector being used as a vehicle for money laundering. This study aims to analyze efforts to prevent and detect money laundering within the insurance business, specifically focusing on Court Decision Number 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN, which involved a former agent of PT BNI Life Insurance Medan. The study employs a normative legal research method utilizing a statutory approach, supplemented by empirical data obtained through interviews. A descriptive-qualitative analysis was conducted on the relevant legislation, legal literature, and the court decision serving as the study's subject. The findings indicate that criminal acts in the insurance sector can take the form of insurance fraud, fraudulent claims, premium embezzlement, policy document forgery, and money laundering. In the case under review, the defendant was proven to have forged documents and misappropriated client investment funds, subsequently using those funds in a manner that disguised their origins. PT BNI Life Insurance’s efforts to prevent and combat money laundering are implemented through the application of "Know Your Customer" (KYC) principles, Customer Due Diligence (CDD), continuous transaction monitoring, the reporting of suspicious financial transactions to the Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Center (PPATK), and the enhancement of human resource competence. Based on crime prevention theory, these measures are effective in narrowing the opportunities for money laundering and increasing the likelihood of criminal activity being detected. An analysis of the judicial decision reveals that the ruling upholds the principles of justice, legal certainty, and legal utility; however, from a restorative justice perspective, there remain shortcomings, as the restitution of the victim's losses has not been fully realized.  Keywords: Money Laundering, Insurance, Prevention and Detection, BNI Life Insurance, Judgment Number 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN. Abstrak: Tindak pidana pencucian uang (TPPU) merupakan kejahatan yang dapat memanfaatkan berbagai sektor jasa keuangan, termasuk industri perasuransian, sebagai sarana untuk menyamarkan asal-usul harta kekayaan yang diperoleh dari tindak pidana. Perkembangan produk dan layanan asuransi yang semakin kompleks meningkatkan potensi sektor ini menjadi media pencucian uang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis upaya pencegahan dan deteksi tindak pidana pencucian uang dalam bisnis asuransi, khususnya berdasarkan Putusan Nomor 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN yang melibatkan mantan agen PT BNI Life Insurance Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) yang didukung data empiris melalui wawancara. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum, serta putusan pengadilan yang menjadi objek penelitian.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindak pidana dalam sektor asuransi dapat berupa penipuan asuransi, penipuan klaim asuransi, penggelapan premi, pemalsuan dokumen polis, dan pencucian uang. Dalam perkara yang diteliti, terdakwa terbukti melakukan pemalsuan dokumen dan penyalahgunaan dana investasi nasabah yang kemudian digunakan untuk menyamarkan asal-usul dana tersebut. Upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan TPPU yang dilakukan oleh PT BNI Life Insurance diwujudkan melalui penerapan prinsip mengenali nasabah (Know Your Customer), Customer Due Diligence (CDD), pemantauan transaksi secara berkelanjutan, pelaporan transaksi keuangan mencurigakan kepada PPATK, serta peningkatan kompetensi sumber daya manusia. Berdasarkan teori pencegahan kejahatan, langkah-langkah tersebut efektif dalam mempersempit peluang terjadinya pencucian uang dan meningkatkan risiko terdeteksinya tindak pidana. Analisis terhadap putusan hakim menunjukkan bahwa putusan telah memenuhi prinsip keadilan, kepastian hukum, dan kemanfaatan hukum, meskipun dari perspektif keadilan restoratif masih terdapat kelemahan karena pemulihan kerugian korban belum sepenuhnya terpenuhi. Kata Kunci: Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang, Asuransi, Pencegahan dan Deteksi, BNI Life Insurance, Putusan Nomor 740/Pid.Sus/2014/PT MDN.
Building Legal Awareness among Indonesian Adolescents in accordance with Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code: A Study by the Islamic Centre Foundation Saidin Saidin; Mahmud Mulyadi; Abdul Aziz Alsa; Rosmalinda Rosmalinda; Fahrizal S.Siagian; Liza Hafidzah Yusuf
Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 02 (2026): Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEAN Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The enactment of Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) introduces significant reforms to Indonesia’s criminal justice system, making legal literacy among adolescents increasingly important to ensure compliance with the law and responsible citizenship. Adolescents represent a strategic group for legal education because they are at a developmental stage where social interaction, digital engagement, and decision-making may expose them to potential legal risks. This study aims to analyze the role of the Islamic Centre Foundation in building legal awareness among Indonesian adolescents in accordance with Law No. 1 of 2023. The research employs an empirical legal approach using qualitative methods through observations, interviews, and document analysis involving foundation administrators, legal educators, and adolescent participants. The findings indicate that legal awareness programs implemented by the Foundation including legal education seminars, interactive discussions, character development activities, and community outreach have improved participants’ understanding of fundamental criminal law provisions, strengthened awareness of legal rights and obligations, and encouraged law-abiding behavior. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including limited legal literacy, inconsistent participation, and the need for more innovative educational approaches utilizing digital platforms. The study concludes that community-based legal education conducted by civil society organizations plays a significant role in promoting legal awareness among adolescents and supports the effective implementation of Law No. 1 of 2023 while fostering a culture of legal compliance and responsible citizenship in Indonesia.
Amendments to the Criminal Law under the National Penal Code Concerning the Criminalization of Children Who Commit Sexual Abuse Bela Sifra Sinaga; Wessy Trinsa; Abdul Aziz Alsa
Al-Qanun: Jurnal Kajian Sosial dan Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 2 (2026): Al-Qanun: Jurnal Kajian Sosial dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58836/al-qanun.v7i2.30384

Abstract

The criminalization of child molesters raises legal issues because, on the one hand, it must provide protection to the victim, while on the other hand, it must still guarantee the rights of children as perpetrators who are still in the growth and development phase. The enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (National Criminal Code) presents a new paradigm in the child criminalization system that is more oriented towards rehabilitation, restorative justice, and social reintegration. This study aims to analyze the legal provisions for child molesters, the forms of legal protection provided to children in conflict with the law, and updates to the criminalization policy in the National Criminal Code. The study uses a normative legal method with a statutory, conceptual, historical, and comparative approach. Legal materials are analyzed qualitatively through a literature review of relevant laws, doctrines, and literature. The results show that the National Criminal Code reinforces the paradigm shift in child criminalization from a retributive approach to a rehabilitative and restorative approach by positioning punishment as an instrument of development, not merely retribution. These reforms are realized through strengthening the principle of the best interests of the child, implementing diversion and restorative justice, expanding alternative criminal justice options, and strengthening the orientation of rehabilitation and social reintegration. However, the implementation of these policies still faces obstacles such as sub optimal harmonization of regulations, limited capacity of law enforcement officers, and a lack of supporting facilities for child rehabilitation. This research confirms that the effectiveness of criminal law reform requires strengthening institutions and implementing policies to ensure a balance between the goals of child protection, victim interests, and legal certainty.
Co-Authors Anwar, Sher Muhammad Bela Sifra Sinaga Dinda Dwi Andriyani Donmes, Tamado Dorthy Ulini Silalahi Edi Yunara Fahrizal S.Siagian Gamaliel Ginting Ginting, Gamaliel Hendra Septyan Silitonga Khairunnisa Liza Hafidzah Yusuf Mahmud Mulyadi Mahmud Mulyadi Mahmud Mulyadi MAHMUL SIREGAR Mirza Nasution Muhammad Hamdan NINGRUM NATASYA SIRAIT Nurul Qoedatul Khoiriyah Siregar Pakpahan, Rahmat Sahala Rahmat Sahala Pakpahan Redy S, Simon Albertian Rosmalinda Rosmalinda Sagala, Silvia Hermala Saidin Saidin Sembiring, Idha Apriliana Sher Muhammad Anwar Sirait, Rara Pitaloka Sitepu, Deni Randa Spesio Panjaitan, Kevin Theodosus Sunarmi Sunarmi Sunarmi, Sunarmi Suwarto Suwarto Suwarto Suwarto T. Keizerina Devi Azwar Tamado Donmes Trisna, Wessy Wessy Trinsa Wessy Trisna Wessy Trisna Yulida, Devi