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All Journal TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Jurnal Teknokes Indonesian Journal of electronics, electromedical engineering, and medical informatics Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS)
Triwiyanto Triwiyanto
Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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INCU Analyzer for Infant Incubator Based on Android Application Using Bluetooth Communication to Improve Calibration Monitoring Vijay Anant Athavale; Abhilash Pati; A K M Bellal Hossain; Sari Luthfiyah; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto
Jurnal Teknokes Vol 15 No 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektromedik, POLTEKKES KEMENKES Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/teknokes.v15i1.1

Abstract

Worldwide, over 4 million babies die within a month of birth each year. Of these, 3.9 million are in developing countries. A proportion approximately 25% of these deaths are due to complications of premature birth, most commonly inadequate thermoregulation, water loss, and neonatal jaundice. An infant incubator provides stable temperature, relative humidity, and airflow values. A periodical calibration should be applied on infant incubator to monitor the functionality. The study aims to develop a calibration device that measures temperature, humidity, airflow, and noise in the baby incubator based on an Android application with Bluetooth communication to improve the calibration monitoring process. This is to achieve a better performance of the conventional INCU analyzer. The contribution of this research is that the values of the temperature, humidity, airflow, and noise can be displayed on both devices, the INCU analyzer machine, and mobile phone; thus, the user can monitor the measurement activities wirelessly. Furthermore, the statistical calculation for all measurements can be saved on a mobile phone device. The main design consists of temperature sensor LM35, humidity sensor DHT22, airflow sensor MPX5010DP, an analog signal conditioning circuit, an Arduino Mega microcontroller, Bluetooth module HC05, and Android mobile phone. The resulting design was compared to the standard or calibrator INCU analyzer machine (Fluke Biomedical INCU II). This study found that the smallest error is -1.72%°C, -0.106 % RH, -1.727% dB, and <0.1% m/s for temperature, humidity, noise, and airflow parameters, respectively. After the evaluation process, this device can be used as an INCU analyzer to calibrate the infant incubator.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Using Digital Filters in Electronic Stethoscopes Andi Fathkur Rohman; Muhammad Ridha Mak'ruf; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Lamidi Lamidi; Phuoc-Hai Huynh
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 4 No 4 (2022): October
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA and IKATEMI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v4i4.256

Abstract

The heart sound produced in some cases of the disease shows a certain pattern. The purpose of this study was to design an electronic stethoscope for cardiac auscultation with the following display. The contribution in this study is being able to show certain patterns that can be diagnosed in the sound signal. So that the pattern can be known when there is a heart disease disorder, an electronic stethoscope will be made for auscultation of the next display, making it easier for users to diagnose heart disease. The heart sound is obtained from the mechanical activity of the heart which is tapped by a condenser mic. The heart sound will be held in a pre-amp circuit, then the filters used are High Pass Filters and Low Pass Filters with an interrupted frequency of 20-95 Hz. The output of the filter circuit will enter the booster circuit. Then it will be processed by the microcontroller. In processing the data that will be displayed on Nextion and Speaker, the author uses Arduino Mega. Based on the test, it can be seen that the digital filter has a slight error rate because it removes the most noise, while in the analog filter there is still a lot of noise. The results of the research that has been done can be implemented using a system that really supports the needs.
Enhancing the Electrocardiogram Signal Quality by Applying Butterworth Infinite Impulse Response Filter 8th Order Nindia Rena Saputri; Sari Luthfiyah; Dyah Titisari; Bedjo Utomo; Lusiana Lusiana; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Faheem Ahmad Reegu; Wahyu Caesarendra
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 4 No 4 (2022): October
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA and IKATEMI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v4i4.259

Abstract

The electrocardiogram (ECG) of the human body is an important basis in heart function as well as the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, which has a very vital role in clinical diagnosis. Obtaining high-quality ECG signals with a portable remote ECG acquisition system is a big challenge given limited resources. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), disorders of the cardiovascular system still rank high, causing about 31% of deaths globally. This is because the symptoms of cardiovascular disease cannot be seen directly, but rather by conducting an electrocardiograph (ECG) examination. The purpose of this research is to develop and analysis the ECG signal by comparing the 2nd order AD8232 module analogue filter with the 8th order Butterworth digital filter by applying infinite impulse response. This research uses a multiplexer circuit for switching leads, AD8232 ECG module, 50Hz notch filter circuit, non-inverting amplifier, adder, Arduino Mega 2560, USB module, and an application to display digital signals, namely Delphi 7. Signal acquisition is done by monitoring for one minute. Data collection was carried out with 5 respondents 5 times on each lead. The results of the data collection can be concluded that 80% of digital filters display smoother signals for ECG signals than analogue filters.
Effect of Muscle Fatigue on Heart Signal on Physical Activity with Electromyogram and Electrocardiogram (EMG Parameter ) Monitoring Signals Muhammad Fauzi; Endro Yulianto; Bambang Guruh Irianto; Sari Luthfiyah; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Vishwajeet Shankhwar; Bahaa Eddine ELBAGHAZAOUI
Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 4 No 3 (2022): August
Publisher : Department of electromedical engineering, Health Polytechnic of Surabaya, Ministry of Health Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v4i3.240

Abstract

Physical activity is an activity of body movement by utilizing skeletal muscles that is carried out daily. One form of physical activity is an exercise that aims to improve health and fitness. Parameters related to health and fitness are heart and muscle activity. Strong and prolonged muscle contractions result in muscle fatigue. To measure muscle fatigue, the authors used electromyographic (EMG) signals through monitoring changes in muscle electrical activity. This study aims to make a tool to detect the effect of muscle fatigue on cardiac signals on physical activity. This research method uses Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) with one group pre-test-post-test research design. The independent variable is the EMG signal when doing plank activities, while the dependent variable is the result of monitoring the EMG signal. To get more detailed measurement results, the authors use MPF, MDF and MNF and perform a T-test. The test results showed a significant value (pValue <0.05) in the pre-test and post-test. The Pearson correlation test got a value of 0.628 which indicates there is a strong relationship between exercise frequency and plank duration. When the respondent experiences muscle fatigue, the heart signal is affected by noise movement artifacts that appear when doing the plank. It is concluded that the tools in this study can be used properly. To overcome noise in the EMG signal, it is recommended to use dry electrodes and high-quality components. To improve the ability to transmit data, it is recommended to use a Raspberry microcontroller.
Effect of Muscle Fatigue on EMG Signal and Maximum Heart Rate for Pre and Post Physical Activity Arifah Putri Caesaria; Endro Yulianto; Sari Luthfiyah; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Achmad Rizal
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 5 No 1 (2023): January
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA and IKATEMI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v5i1.278

Abstract

Sport is a physical activity that can optimize body development through muscle movement. Physical activity without rest with strong and prolonged muscle contractions results in muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue that occurs causes a decrease in the work efficiency of muscles. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a recording of the heart's electrical activity on the body's surface. EMG is a technique for measuring electrical activity in muscles. This study aims to detect the effect of muscle fatigue on cardiac signals by monitoring ECG and EMG signals. This research method uses the Maximum Heart Rate with a research design of one group pre-test-post-test. The independent variable is the ECG signal when doing plank activities, while the dependent variable is the result of monitoring the ECG signal. To get the Maximum Heart Rate results, respondents use the Karnoven formula and perform the T-test. Test results show a significant value (pValue <0.05) in pre-exercise and post-exercise. When the respondent experiences muscle fatigue, it shows the effect of changes in the shape of the ECG signal which is marked by the presence of movement artifact noise. It concluded that the tools in this study can be used properly. This study has limitations including noise in the AD8232 module circuit and the display on telemetry where the width of the box cannot be adjusted according to the ECG paper.is It recommended for further research to use components with better quality and replace the display using the Delphi interface.
Noise Reduction of Motion and EMG Artifacts in Holter ECG Using IIR Filters for Robust Arrhythmia Detection Sumber Sumber; Endang Dian S; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Roichatun Nashichah; Vijay Anant Athavale
Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS)
Publisher : Yayasan Riset dan Pengembangan Intelektual (YRPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37385/jaets.v7i2.9426

Abstract

Ambulatory Holter electrocardiography (ECG) enables continuous monitoring for detecting transient arrhythmias; however, its diagnostic reliability is significantly degraded by motion artifacts and electromyographic (EMG) interference. Under severe motion artifact conditions, prior studies report that ambulatory ECG SNR can fall below −10 dB , although SNR levels vary substantially depending on activity type and electrode placement, reducing usable data segments and impairing arrhythmia detection. While advanced denoising methods such as wavelet transforms and deep learning achieve high accuracy, their computational complexity limits real-time deployment in resource-constrained embedded systems. This reveals a critical gap in lightweight methods that jointly optimize noise suppression, morphological preservation, and downstream diagnostic performance. This study proposes a computationally efficient IIR Butterworth bandpass filtering framework for real-time IoT-based Holter ECG systems. The system combines three-lead ECG acquisition, embedded processing on an ESP32, and real-time visualization. Performance is assessed using SNR, mean squared error (MSE), Pearson correlation, and confusion matrix-based detection metrics on ten male participants under controlled motion and muscle artifact conditions. Results demonstrate statistically significant SNR improvements for motion artifacts (ΔSNR = 9.47 ± 1.96 dB, t(9) = 15.28, p < 0.001) and EMG artifacts (ΔSNR = 16.73 ± 0.91 dB, t(9) = 58.11, p < 0.0001). Post-filtering morphological fidelity was high, with mean Pearson correlation of 0.963 for motion artifacts and 0.945 for muscle artifacts. These signal quality improvements translated into 95.3% post-filtering arrhythmia detection accuracy (sensitivity: ≈96.0%, specificity: ≥97.0%, F1-score: ≥95.0%), significantly exceeding the 70% minimum performance threshold adopted in this study as a conservative screening criterion (t(9) = 29.7, p < 0.001). Despite dataset limitations (n = 10), the proposed framework provides an effective trade-off between computational efficiency and diagnostic reliability, supporting scalable and real-time ambulatory ECG monitoring for early arrhythmia screening.
Effectiveness of Bluetooth communication of digital stethoscope using quality of service method Endang Dian Setyoningsih; Sumber Sumber; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Farid Amrinsani
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 22, No 4: August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v22i4.25882

Abstract

This study aims to design and evaluate a wireless electronic stethoscope that can transmit heart sound using Bluetooth HC-05 and Bluetooth 5.0 transmitter. This novel design contributes to the remote diagnosis and monitoring of heart conditions, especially for patients with infectious diseases. The heart sound signals are captured using a mic condenser mic, amplified, filtered, and converted to digital data by a microcontroller. The data are then transmitted by Bluetooth HC-05 to a module and by Bluetooth 5.0 transmitter to a headset. The quality-of-service parameters such as throughput, delay, and packet loss ratio (PLR) of the data transmission at different distances are measured. The results show that the wireless electronic stethoscope can transmit heart sound data with a small PLR of 0.10% and a throughput of 1002.5 bps. The study concludes that the wireless electronic stethoscope is an effective and useful device for examining heart conditions remotely, without compromising the functionality of the device
Low-cost and open-source anthropomorphic prosthetics hand using linear actuators Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; I Putu Alit Pawana; Torib Hamzah; Sari Luthfiyah
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 18, No 2: April 2020
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v18i2.14799

Abstract

A robust, low cost, open-source, and low power consumption in the research of prosthetics hand is essential. The purpose of this study is to develop a low-cost, open-source anthropomorphic prosthetics hand using linear actuator based on electromyography (EMG) signal control. The main advantages of this proposed method are the low-cost, lightweight and simplicity of controlling the prosthetic hand using only single channel. This is achieved by evaluating the DC motor and exploring number of locations of the EMG signal. The development of prosthetics hand consists of 3D anthropomorphic hand design, active electrodes, microcontroller, and linear actuator. The active electrodes recorded the EMG signal from extensor carpi radialis longus. The built-in EMG amplifier on the electrode amplified the EMG signal. Further, the A/D converter in the Arduino microcontroller converted the analog signal into digital. A filtering process consisted of bandpass and notch filter was performed before it used as a control signal. The linear actuator controlled each finger for flexion and extension motion. In the assessment of the design, the prosthetic hand capable of grasping ten objects. In this study, the cost and weight of the prosthetics hand are 471.99 US$ and 0.531 kg, respectively. This study has demonstrated the design of low cost and open-source of prosthetics hand with reasonable cost and lightweight. Furthermore, this development could be applied to amputee subjects.
Evaluating the effectiveness of digital filtering techniques in electronic stethoscopes: a study of Kalman and Butterworth filters Endang Dian Setioningsih; Sumber Sumber; Triwiyanto Triwiyanto; Vugar Abdullayev; Farid Amrinsani; Bima Maulana Raharjo; Tetrik Fa’altin
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 15, No 2: April 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v15i2.8674

Abstract

Heart sound, or phonocardiogram (PCG), signals are often distorted by noise from respiration, movement, and the surrounding environment, which complicates accurate cardiac feature extraction in portable monitoring systems. This study aims to design and evaluate an effective digital filtering method to enhance PCG signal quality obtained from a low-cost acquisition system based on a condenser microphone sensor and an ESP32 microcontroller. The main contribution of this work is the implementation and comparison of two noise-reduction approaches: Butterworth band-pass filters of various orders and the Kalman filter applied to PCG signals acquired from mannequin-based simulations. Data were recorded for 10 seconds at a 1000 Hz sampling rate, processed in MATLAB, and analyzed using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to determine the optimal frequency ranges. Experimental results demonstrate that the 8th-order Butterworth band-pass filter achieved the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement, averaging 25.659 dB, outperforming other configurations. These findings indicate that an appropriately tuned Butterworth filter provides a simpler yet robust solution for real-time PCG denoising in embedded systems. Future work will integrate the filtering process directly into the ESP32 firmware and evaluate its performance on human subjects to enhance clinical applicability.
Co-Authors A K M Bellal Hossain Abhilash Pati Achmad Rizal Andi Fathkur Rohman Andjar Pundji Anita Miftahul Maghfiroh Arifah Putri Caesaria Bahaa Eddine ELBAGHAZAOUI Bambang Guruh Irianto Bima Maulana Raharjo Dwi Herry Andayani Dyah Titisari Endang Dian S Endang Dian Setioningsih Endang Dian Setyoningsih Endro Yulianto Faheem Ahmad Reegu Farid Amrinsani Gita Aprilyana I Dewa Gede Hari Wisana Indrato, Tri Bowo Kinanti Elok Putri Lamidi Lamidi Lamidi, Lamidi Liliek Soetjiatie Lusiana Lusiana Luthfiyah, Sari M Shaib Moch Sahrul Triandi Putra Sahrul Muhammad Fauzi Muhammad Ridha Mak'ruf Musyahadah Arum Pertiwi Nindia Rena Saputri Nuril Hidayanti Pawana, I Putu Alit Phuoc-Hai Huynh Raden Duta Ikrar Abadi Roichatun Nashichah Sandeep Kumar Gupta Sari Luthfiyah Sari Luthfiyah Sasivimon Sukaphat Setioningsih, Endang Dian Shofiyah Shofiyah Sumber Sumber Syarifatul Ainiyah Tetrik Fa’altin Torib Hamzah Torib Hamzah Triana Rahmawati Utomo, Bedjo Vijay Anant Athavale Vijay Anant Athavale Vishwajeet Shankhwar Vugar Abdullayev Vugar Abdullayev Wahyu Caesarendra