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Journal : Biomedika

External Validation of AI-powered GeNose C19 to Diagnose Volatile Organic Compounds in COVID-19 Patients Tested at Udayana University Academic Hospital Purnamasidhi, Cokorda Agung Wahyu; Darwinata, Agus Eka; Utama, I Made Susila; Merati, Ketut Tuti Parwati; Harkitasari, Saktivi; Junior, Darren; Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya; Suteja, Richard Christian
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.3940

Abstract

In search for potential alternatives to RT-PCR, Gadjah Mada University developed GeNose C19 which was deemed to have high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV. The objective of this study is to contribute to the development of GeNose C19 by means of external validation conducted in Udayana University Academic Hospital, Bali. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on adults above 17 years old. Demographic variables, symptoms, vaccination status, GeNose C19 results, and RT-PCR results were measured. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV using respective appropriate formulas and the impact of other variables gathered towards accuracy by means of Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and independent-samples T test. The results showed that the subjects included in this study were 50.8% female and had a mean (IQR) age of 23.0 (21.0-27.5) years old. Only three subjects (2.5%) showed COVID-19-related symptoms such as cough (1.7%), flu (0.8%), fever (0.8%), and headache (0.8%). GeNose C19 yields a sensitivity of 83.1%, a specificity of 73.6%, PPV of 79.4%, and NPV of 78.0%. There were no variables that significantly affect the accuracy of GeNose C19. Further study is still required to validate GeNose C19’s performance in different environmental conditions and multiple different races.
Co-Authors Adiputra, I Komang Hotra Agus Eka Darwinata Akatsu, Haruko Anak Agung Ayu Yuli Gayatri Anom Suardika Biantara, I Wayan Arya Darren Junior Dewa Ayu Fony Prema Shanti Dewi Manuaba, Ida Ayu Laxmi Ananda Dian, Ni Made Dewi Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya Divasta, I G Mahapraja Florensia, Maria Gayatri, Anak Agung Ayu Yuli Giovanca Verentzia Purnama Guptha, I Dewa Gede Agung Siwa Haruko Akatsu Hiranandini Prawista, I Gusti Ayu Maha I Dewa Ayu Agung Warmadewanthi I Dewa Ayu Inten Dwi Primayanti, I Dewa Ayu Inten Dwi I Dewa Made Sukrama I Dewa Nyoman Wibawa I Gde Haryo Ganesha I Gede Purna Weisnawa I Kadek Swastika I Ketut Agus Somia I Ketut Mariadi I Komang Hotra Adiputra I Komang Hotra Adiputra I Made Ady Wirawan I Made Jawi I Made Sudarmaja I Made Susila Utama I Nyoman Gede Narendra Yanakusuma I Wayan Arya Biantara I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I.D.A.A Warmadewanthi Indratmo, Novea Jerry Jerry Junior, Darren Kadek Diana Harmayani Karya, I Kadek Jony Dwi Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Komang Ayu Witarini Krisnawardani K, Cokorde Istri Yuliandari Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka Ni Made Dewi Dian Sukmawati Ni Made Susilawathi Paramita, Ni Putu Pradnya Pratiwi, Cokorda Agung Pratyaksa, I Gusti Ngurah Dinda Pujawan, I Made Naris Purnama, Giovanca Verentzia Putu Kintan Wulandari R. A.T. Kuswardhani Richard Christian Suteja Saktivi Harkitasari, Saktivi Satya Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Shanti, Dewa Ayu Fony Prema Siahaan, Katrin Wilentina Suastika, Luh Oliva Saraswati Susilawathi, Ni Made Suteja, Richard Christian Tirtha Yasa, I Nyoman Wawan Utama, I Made Susila Weisnawa, I Gede Purna Wulandari, Putu Kintan Yenny Kandarini