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All Journal Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi Majalah Kesehatan FKUB Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi Indonesia) Journal of Issues in Midwifery Jurnal Info Kesehatan
Subandi Subandi
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Evaluation of Hematotoxicity in Female Wistar Rats Following Sub-Acute Inhalation Exposure to Polyethylene Microplastic Sulistomo, Hikmawan Wahyu; Setyowati, Anisa; Situmorang, Melani Chysti; Sulistiani, Ita; Wardani, Dewi Azar Nuria; Gusti, Kharisma Ciptaning; Nurdiana, Nurdiana; Kusuma, Ihda Dian; Rahardjo, Bambang; Reksohusodo, Subandi
JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN Vol 22 No 2 (2024): JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN
Publisher : Research and Community Service Unit, Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31965/infokes.Vol22.Iss2.1585

Abstract

Polyethylene (PE) becomes a source of microplastics that can be widely distributed through the digestive and respiratory systems. However, its effects on blood cells are still being investigated. This study aims to analyze the impact of Polyethylene Microplastic (PE-MPs) exposure on the blood of female rats, including erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. This study used female Wistar rats, which were divided into control and PE-MP groups. PE-MP was administered via whole-body inhalation at a concentration of 15 mg/m³ for 4 hours daily for 28 days. The absorption of plastic particles detected in the human bloodstream is likely to occur through mucosal contact (either through ingestion or inhalation). After the exposure period, the rats were euthanized to collect blood samples through the heart. A complete blood count was performed using an automatic hematology analyzer, and blood morphology was analyzed using thin blood smears. This study used the Mann-Whitney test. PE-MP exposure increased erythrocyte and platelet counts without a corresponding rise in leukocytes. Erythrocytes showed abnormal morphology (12.73% with ovalocytes and tear-shaped cells). Erythrocyte indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) showed no significant differences. Platelet count rose by 1.7% (p-value= 0.017). Leukocyte and neutrophil counts were lower (0.84 and 0.94 times lower, respectively), while lymphocytes and monocytes were higher (1.03 and 1.61 times higher, respectively) in the PE-MP group compared to controls. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio did not differ significantly. PE-MP exposure in rats disrupts blood parameters, altering erythrocyte morphology and increasing platelet counts. Potential causes include oxidative stress, immune responses, and compensatory mechanisms. Study limitations include a small sample size and exclusive focus on inhalation exposure. Integrating multiple exposure routes (inhalation, ingestion, dermal) could offer a broader view of microplastic impacts. Future research with larger samples, diverse doses and durations, and exploration of additional markers or organ-specific effects is crucial for understanding PE-MP toxicity in real-world scenarios.               
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Aina Angelica Anandasari , Noni Fidya Ayu Anandasari, Noni Fidya Ayu Andriani, Lela Dwi Angelica, Aina Anisa Setyowati Aris Widayati Astri Proborini Bambang Rahardjo DEWI ARIANI Dewi Azar Nuria Wardani Dian Hanifarizani, Rahma Gusti, Kharisma Ciptaning Hendy Setyo Yudhanto Hikmawan Wahyu Sulistomo Husnul Khotimah Husnul Khotimah Ihda Dian Kusuma Ihda Dian Kusuma Ita Sulistiani Kaspirayanthi, Ni Ketut Devy Kenty Wantri Anita Kenty Wantri Anita, Kenty Wantri Kharisma Ciptaning Gusti Kridayanti, Novalia Maharani, Wening Pangesthi Melani Chysti Situmorang Nasution, Annio Indah Lestari Ni Ketut Devy Kaspirayanthi Noni Fidya Ayu Anandasari Novalia Kridayanti Nurdiana Nurdiana Nurdiana Nurdiana Nurdiana Rismaina Putri Safitri, Risma Andani Ayu Sahara, Aulia Ilma Savitri, Faradea Ubaidurrohmah Setyowati, Anisa Sigit Purbadi Silvani, Yulia Sisca Dewi Karlina, Sisca Dewi Situmorang, Melani Chysti Sulistiani, Ita Sulistomo, Hikmawan Wahyu Tatit Nurseta Tatit Nurseta Tri Yudani Mardining Raras Tri Yudani MR Wardani, Dewi Azar Nuria Wati, Linda Ratna Yudhanto, Hendy Setyo