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Journal : Bioscience

Analysis of hemolysis activity of pathogenic bacteria on salted Lutjanus vivanus at Remu traditional market, Sorong city Sukmawati Sukmawati; Cikita Putri Tania Tindoy; Sipriyadi Sipriyadi
Bioscience Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0202261114211-0-00

Abstract

Fish is one of the fishery food ingredients needed by humans because fish meat has compounds that are needed by the body. These compounds consist of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts. Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has a lot of potential in agriculture and fisheries, and Sorong, West Papua, is no exception. The results of people's fisheries in Sorong, West Papua Province are quite high. Based on data from the Sorong City Fisheries Service, there are five types of fish that are exported abroad, such as China, Korea, and Japan. These types of fish include tuna, mackerel, bubarah fish, red snapper, and grouper or rock snapper. Stone snapper is not only consumed in the form of fresh fish, fish collectors also process it into dried salted fish. The purpose of this study was to analyze the hemolysis activity of pathogenic bacteria in salted snapper in the Remu market, Sorong city. This study is a descriptive study by providing a description of the object under study, namely the analysis of the hemolytic activity of pathogenic bacteria in salted rock snapper (Lutjanus vivanus) originating from the Remu traditional market in Sorong city. The conclusion of the research that has been carried out is that the hemolytic index of pathogenic bacteria for each sample shows the hemolytic index area from the highest to the lowest, sequentially from the untreated sample, namely the sample Do (110.0 mm), Ko (116.6 mm), To (453.3 mm), samples that were treated with frying before isolation were samples Dg (52.5 mm), Kg (3.5 mm), Tg (40.0 mm), while the smallest hemolytic index value was the sample that was boiled before The isolated samples were Dm (41.6 mm), Km (3.5 mm), and Tm samples (18.3 mm). Furthermore, all test samples showed β- hemolytic or total hemolytic.Ikan sangat dibutuhkan manusia sebab daging ikan memiliki senyawa-senyawa yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut terdiri dari protein, lemak, karbohidrat, vitamin dan garam-garam mineral. Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan yang memiliki banyak potensi dalam bidang pertanian maupun bidang perikanan, tidak terkecuali di Sorong Papua Barat. Hasil perikanan rakyat di Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan data dari Dinas Perikanan Kota Sorong ada lima jenis ikan yang di ekspor keluar negeri seperti china, Korea, dan jepang. Jenis ikan tersebut diantaranya ialah ikan tuna, ikan tenggiri, ikan bubarah, ikan kakap merah, dan ikan kerapuh atau kakap batu. Ikan kakap batu selain dikonsumsi dalam bentuk ikan segar, para pengepul ikan juga mengolahnya ke dalam bentuk ikan asin kering. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menganalisis aktivitas hemolysis bakteri pathogen pada ikan asin kakap batu di pasar Remu kota Sorong. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan memberikan penggambaran tentang objek yang diteliti yaitu analisis aktivitas hemolisis bakteri patogen pada ikan asin kakap batu (Lutjanus vivanus) yang berasal dari pasar Remu kota Sorong. Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan ialah indeks hemolitik bakteri patogen untuk tiap sampel berturut-turut menunjukkan luas indeks hemolitik dari yang tertinggi hingga ke rendah, berturut-turut mulai dari sampel yang tidak diberikan perlakuan yakni sampel Do (110.0 mm), Ko (116.6 mm), To (453.3 mm), sampel yang diberi perlakuan penggorengan sebelum isolasi ialah sampel Dg (52.5 mm), Kg (3.5 mm), Tg (40.0 mm), sedangkan nilai indeks hemolitik yang paling kecil ialah sampel yang diberi perlakuan rebus sebelum diisolasi yaitu sampel Dm (41.6 mm), Km (3.5 mm), dan sampel Tm (18.3 mm). Selanjutnya seluruh sampel uji menunjukkan sifat β-hemolitik atau hemolitik total.
Identify Of Floc-Forming Bacteria In Shrimp Pond In Pangkep District Sukmawati Sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.613 KB) | DOI: 10.24036/02017128060-0-00

Abstract

This research aims to identify the kinds of floc-forming bacteria in shrimp pond in Pangkep District. This study was a descriptive research. Floc-forming bacteria were isolated from the water and mud samples. According to microbial technique isolation procedure, by using Nutrient Agar (NA) as isolation medium. The result of this study showed that there were 37 isolates. And Then floculated activity was measured: The result showed the theme 5 isolates which have more than 79% of floculating activity namely, isolat 1,isolat 2, isolat 3, isolat 4, isolat 5, floculating activity: 90,34%, 90,34 %, 94,03%, 79,68%, 92,47% respectively. At can be cocluded that isolat 1. Enterococcus sp, isolat 2. Bacillus spdan isolat 3. Vagococcus sp..Keywords: Identification, floc-formingbacteria,shrimp pond
The Effect of N-Hexan Extract of Sambiloto Leaf (Andrographis paniculata) on Reproduction Function of Female ICR of Mice (Mus musculus) Period of Praimplantation and Pascaimplantation Muliana Muliana; Sukmawati Sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 3, No 1 (2019): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (532.165 KB) | DOI: 10.24036/0201931103252-0-00

Abstract

Abstract. The objective of this research is to know the effect of giving of n-hexan extract of A. Paniculata leaf on the reproduction function on female mice and when hypodermic of how many dose of extract n-hexan most having an effect on the reproduction function on female mice. Extract gift conducted by inoculation. Mice or test animal obtained from Hall of Animal Research (BPH) of Regency Maros. Old age the mencit 10-12 week of weighing of mean body 21g, while test substance used by leaf of Andrographis paniculata obtained in regency of Bone of subdistrict of Sibulue of countryside of Pattiro Bajo. Parameter perceived that is s the number of implantation, number of life fetus, gestation loss, dead foetus, embryo resorbsi, corpus luteum, and death pascaimplantasi. This Research represent the research of experiment and desain research used that is Complete Random Device ( RAL) consisted of by three treatment group five times is restating so that obtained by fifteen combination. Result of research indicate that the gift of n-hexan extract of A. Paniculata leaf at dose level tested degrade the number of implantation, number of life fetus, improving number of gestation loss, and number of died fetus , also generate the effect fitotoksik of body weight of mice mains. From inferential research result that extract of n-hexan A. Paniculata leaf can effect on the reproduction function on female mice with the hypodermic time most having an in with day of pregnancy to-0 until pregnancy day to-4.
Identification and Characterization of PrTK 2 Bacterial Isolate Producing Extracelular Protease Enzym From Tempeh Rubber Seeds Cico Jhon Karunia Simamora; Sukmawati Sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 4, No 1 (2020): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (307.805 KB) | DOI: 10.24036/0202041108255-0-00

Abstract

Protease is an enzyme that can hydrolyze proteins into simpler compounds such as small peptides and amino acids. The enzymes produced by microorganisms can be isolated by separating cells by centrifugation. This study aims to determine the biological characteristics of the PrTK 02 bacterial isolate and the characteristics of the crude extract of the protease enzyme produced by the PrTK 02 bacterial isolate. The study was conducted by inoculating 1 ose PrTK 02 bacteria on the Nutrient Broth (NB) media. Pre-culture was carried out at 37 °C for 48 hours with an agitation speed of 120 rpm. Protease enzyme extraction was carried out by centrifugation of bacterial growth media at a speed of 3000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4 °C. Supernatant as a sample was tested for protease activity and protein content. The results of this study were obtained from the protease enzyme from bacterial isolate PrTK 02 marked by a clear zone in the medium of high school and the highest activity at the time of production 24 hours with the specific activity of the enzyme 1.2154 unit / mg protein. Biochemical and microscopic identification shows that the isolate of PrTk 02 bacteria is a class of Bacillus sp. PrTk 01 which is a Gram-positive bacteria that is found in tempeh.
TOTAL MICROBIAL PLATES ON BEEF AND BEEF OFFAL Sukmawati Sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 2, No 1 (2018): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (163.178 KB) | DOI: 10.24036/02018219825-0-00

Abstract

Efforts to improve people’s nutritional health can be obtained through nutritional food. Beef is a source of animal protein needed. But foodstuffs such as meat and eggs other than as a source of protein is also one of the microorganisms breeding media, which can be a type of human disease. The aim this study was to find out whether the sample of beef, beef heart, and beef liver are safe to consume and marketable. This research method includes tool sterilization, microbial growth medium, and the analysis phase used total plate count method. Samples of beef number of microbial colonies as much as 660 cells/ml. samples of cow’s heart contained colonies 3.150 cells/ml, and in liver samples there are 3.000 cells/ml. so it can be concluded that beef and dairy products are feasible to marketable and to consumption. Keywords: Total Microbial, Beef, Beef Offal
Analysis of Hedonic Test and Total Microbial Plate Numbers on Fish Siomay in Sorong City West Papua Sukmawati Sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 4, No 2 (2020): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0202042108256-0-00

Abstract

One of the Indonesian snacks that can be found in all regions is fish siomay. fish siomay in the city of Sorong, there have been no reports on both the level of community preference and food security. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of community preference and the total number of microbial plate numbers snacks on fish siomay in the city of Sorong, West Papua. The method used in this research is descriptive method and experimental method. The results showed that for the hedonic test had a varying degree of preference for each sample, while the total number of plates did not exceed the maximum limit, then for the correlation of the two tests showed there was a relationship. The hedonic test results from the five samples show the best level of preference is the BS sample, and the EH sample, then the AQ sample, and the DS sample and the lowest preference level is the CR sample. While the sample of fish siomay scattered in the city of Sorong was suitable for consumption. 
Screening of Probiotic Bacteria Candidates in The Mangrove Tourism Area in Klawalu Sorong City West Papua Sukmawati Sukmawati; M Iksan Badaruddin
Bioscience Vol 3, No 2 (2019): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.608 KB) | DOI: 10.24036/0201932105397-0-00

Abstract

Probiotic bacteria was one of the biological control agents (biological control). It had a role in suppressing or killing pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, it also played a role in improving water quality as in fish maintenance media. The basic principle of probiotics was the utilization of the ability of microorganisms to increase absorption in the digestive tract of fish. Probiotic bacteria were able to produce antimicrobial compounds such as lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocin. These compounds were antimicrobial and antibiotic that can suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to detect candidate probiotic bacteria from the mangrove tourism area in Klawalu, Sorong City, West Papua. The results of screening for probiotic bacteria candidates by using selective media, from 16 samples consisting of water samples and mud samples’ obtained 11 positive samples, there were probiotic bacteria candidates with the bacterial morphological characteristics of each colony was almost similar. Keywords: Probiotic Bacteria, Mangrove Land, Sorong City
Soil Fertility Analysis with Soil Microorganism Indicators Febrianti Rosalina; sukmawati sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0202262116811-0-00

Abstract

Areca nut and sago are typical fruits of the Papuan Community which produce waste. Utilization of waste for the community itself has not been done optimally, especially in agriculture. One way to overcome the problem of soil fertility is by adding organic matter. Areca nut shell waste and sago stem waste are alternative uses of existing waste by processing it into liquid organic fertilizer (POC) and biochar. Adding organic matter to the soil can increase soil productivity and fertility and can affect soil biological properties by increasing the activity of soil biota which play a role in breaking down and decomposing organic matter so that soil biological properties increase. The purpose of this study was to compare the biological properties of the soil applied with biochar and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) derived from areca nut shell and sago bark waste. The research method consisted of a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of 7 treatment levels. The first treatment (SB0) was control (without adding biochar), the second treatment (SB1) was areca nut shell waste biochar, the third treatment (SB2) was sago stem waste biochar, the fourth treatment (SB3) was a combination of areca nut shell and stem biochar. sago, the fifth treatment (SB4) was POC of areca nut shell waste, the sixth treatment (SB5) was POC of sago stem waste, and the seventh treatment (SB6) was a combination of POC of areca nut shell waste and sago stems. The parameters of this study included determining the total bacterial population, total fungal population, soil respiration, organic matter activity, nitrogen fixing activity, pH, Organic-C, and Total-N. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the treatment in the form of biochar and POC in general has a significant effect on increasing soil pH, Organic-C, Total-N, total bacterial population, total fungi population, soil respiration, Nitrogen fixing activity, and The activity of organic matter. Treatment with biochar (SB1, SB2, and SB3) gave the highest average microbial population which was directly proportional to the respiration rate.Pinang dan sagu merupakan buah khas masyarakat Papua yang menghasilkan limbah. Pemanfaatan limbah bagi masyarakat itu sendiri belum dilkakukan secara optimal, terutama di bidang pertanian. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi masalah kesuburan tanah adalah dengan pemberian bahan organik. Limbah kulit buah pinang dan limbah batang sagu menjadi alternatif pemanfaatan limbah yang ada dengan diolah menjadi pupuk organik cair (POC) dan biochar. Pemberian bahan organik ke dalam tanah dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan kesuburan tanah serta dapat mempengaruhi sifat biologi tanah dalam meningkatkan aktivitas biota tanah yang berperan dalam merombak serta mendekomposisi bahan organik sehingga sifat biologi tanah meningkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan sifat biologi tanah yang diaplikasikan dengan biochar dan pupuk organic cair (POC) yang berasal dari limbah kulit buah pinang dan kulit batang sagu. Adapun metode penelitian ini terdiri dari Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 7 taraf perlakuan. Perlakuan pertama (SB0) adalah control (tanpa pemberian biochar), perlakuan kedua (SB1) adalah biochar limbah kulit buah pinang, Perlakuan ketiga (SB2) adalah Biochar limbah batang sagu, Perlakuan keempat (SB3) adalah kombinasi Biochar limbah kulit buah pinang dan batang sagu, perlakuan kelima (SB4) adalah POC limbah kulit buah pinang, Perlakuan keenam (SB5) adalah POC limbah batang sagu, dan Perlakuan ketujuh (SB6) adalah kombinasi POC limbah kulit buah pinang dan batang sagu. Parameter dari penelitian ini meliputi penetapan total populasi bakteri, total populasi fungi, respirasi tanah, Aktivitas perombak bahan organic, aktivitas penambat Nitrogen, pH, C-Organik, dan N-Total. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan berupa biochar dan POC secara umum memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kenaikan pH tanah, C-Organik, N-Total, total populasi bakteri, total populasi fungi, respirasi tanah, aktivitas penambat Nitrogen, dan Aktivitas perombak bahan organic. Perlakuan dengan pemberian biochar (SB1, SB2, dan SB3) memberikan rata-rata populasi mikroba tertinggi yang berbanding lurus dengan laju respirasinya.
Potensi Bakteri Metanotrof sebagai Pereduksi Emisi Metan pada Lahan Pertanian Febrianti Rosalina; Sukmawati Sukmawati; Ponisri Ponisri; Anif Farida; Budi Satria; Ayu Diah Syafaati; Nuryanto Nuryanto
Bioscience Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0202371120929-0-00

Abstract

Konsentrasi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) meningkat seiring dengan aktivitas manusia dan menyebabkan peningkatan pemanasan global, salah satunya berasal dar sektor pertanian. Masih tingginya produksi emisi GRK pada sektor pertanian membutuhkan monitoring dan pengawasan secara berkala, sehingga dapat dipantau dan ditekan kuantitasnya. Untuk mengukur emisi GRK diperlukan inovasi dengan salah satu pengaplikasian bakteri metanotrof yang dapat menekan emisi di lahan pertanian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi bakteri metanotrof yang diaplikasikan pada lahan pertanian dalam mengurangi emisi metan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian terdiri dari 4 perlakuan diantaranya Sungkup 1 (Isolat bakteri MFb), Sungkup 2 (Isolat bakteri MFc), Sungkup 3 (Isolat bakteri MFd), dan Sungkup 4 (Isolat bakteri MFe). Pengambilan contoh gas dilakukan dengan metode sungkup tertutup (close chamber technique). Emisi metan (CH4) dianalisis secara langsung di lapangan dengan menggunakan alat digital berupa Alat Pintar Digital deteksi Kebocoran Gas Metana dan Propana AZ-7291 untuk mengukur CH4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh aplikasi bakteri metanotrof terhadap laju penurunan emisi gas metan. Dari semua perlakuan isolate bakteri metanotrof  yang diberikan, perlakuan bakteri metanotrof dengan kode MFe mampu menurunkan rata-rata emisi CH4 sebesar 305,449 mol/jam dan dianggap bahwa isolate tersebut adalah isolate yang paling baik diantara semua perlakuan.Greenhouse Gas (GHG) concentrations increase along with human activities and cause an increase in global warming, one of which comes from the agricultural sector. The high production of GHG emissions in the agricultural sector requires regular monitoring and supervision, so that the quantity can be monitored and suppressed. To measure GHG emissions, innovation is needed, one of which is the application of methanotrophic bacteria which can reduce emissions on agricultural land. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of methanotrophic bacteria applied to agricultural land in reducing methane emissions. The treatment in this study consisted of 4 treatments including Chamber 1 (bacterial MFb isolate), Chamber 2 (bacterial MFc isolate), Chamber 3 (bacterial MFd isolate), and Chamber 4 (bacterial MFe isolate). Gas sampling was carried out using the closed chamber technique. Methane (CH4) emissions are analyzed directly in the field using a digital device in the form of a Methane and Propane AZ-7291 Digital Smart Leak Detection Tool to measure CH4. The results showed that there was an effect of the application of methanotrophic bacteria on the rate of reduction of methane gas emissions. Of all the isolates of methanotrophic bacteria given, the treatment of methanotrophic bacteria with the code MFe was able to reduce the average CH4 emission by 305.449 mol/hour and it was considered that the isolate was the best isolate among all the treatments.Keywords: Methanotrophic bacteria, GHG, methane, agricultural land
Microbiological Quality Analysis and Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria from the Product of Fermentation of Mackerel Sukmawati Sukmawati
Bioscience Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/bsc.v8i1.123909

Abstract

Mackerel is a type of fish that has high nutritional value, this fish is a source of protein and is in great demand by many people. Mackerel can be processed into various types of processed food, one of which is through the fermentation process. The purpose of this study was to determine the microbiological quality, to determine the characteristics and the number of lactic acid bacteria , and to identify the species of lactic acid bacteria found in the fermented mackerel product. The results showed that the microbiological test of mackerel fermented products had the highest total plate number (ALT) in the Fit.L sample, namely 4.2x105 cfu/g, followed by the Fit.C sample with a value of 2.4x104 cfu/g, and the lowest value was in the Fit. A sample  4.3x103 cfu/g. The total plate number (ALT) in each test sample stated that the number did not exceed the maximum limit of the Indonesian national standard. Microbiological test results through the E.coli estimator test of the three samples showed a value of <3 APM/g, then the reinforcement test results were declared not to contain E.coli bacteria.The number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present in the mackerel fermented product sample showed the highest value in the Fit.L sample, namely 1.8x104 cfu/g, then in the Fit.C sample with a value of 2.6x103 cfu/g, while the lowest was in the Fit. A sample whose value is 3.6x102 cfu/g. The morphological characteristics of the LAB colonies from the three samples showed the same characteristics, namely round shape, smooth edges and convex elevation. The results of the identification of the two isolates from the two samples stated that the Fit.A isolate was identified as Staphylococcus condimenti strain DSM 11674 and the Fit.C isolate was identified as Lactobacillus reuteri strain 1444