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Freedom and Prosperity: The Impact of Political Rights and Civil Liberties on Economic Complexity Hardi, Irsan; Mose, Naftaly; Tanchev, Stoyan; Siregar, Muhammad Ilhamsyah; Bozkaya, Seyma
Ekonomikalia Journal of Economics Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/eje.v3i2.329

Abstract

As governance and economic sophistication become increasingly interconnected, understanding their relationship is crucial for shaping national growth strategies. This study investigates the impact of political rights and civil liberties on Indonesia’s economic complexity from 2006 to 2021 by disaggregating the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) into trade, technology, and research components. Indonesia serves as an ideal case study due to its dynamic political landscape, evolving civil liberties, and its strategic role as an emerging economy with untapped potential for economic diversification. While a growing body of literature explores the intersection of political and economic development in Indonesia, no prior study has specifically examined the relationship between the Freedom in the World ratings (as an indicator of political rights and civil liberties) and the distinct dimensions of ECI. The analysis employs Gaussian identity-link Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), with robustness checks using Robust Least Squares, and adopts a decomposition approach that includes a set of control variables such as GDP per capita and FDI inflow. The results across both the main and robustness check methods consistently show that political rights and civil liberties contribute positively to ECI-technology, but negatively affect ECI-trade and have no significant effect on ECI-research. These findings underscore the sector-specific nature of political and democratization influences on economic complexity in Indonesia and imply that they facilitate technological advancement but do not uniformly promote trade or research sophistication.
Exploring Indonesia's CO2 Emissions: The Impact of Agriculture, Economic Growth, Capital and Labor Maulidar, Putri; Fitriyani, Fitriyani; Sasmita, Novi Reandy; Hardi, Irsan; Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig
Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjbes.v1i1.22

Abstract

This study examines the dynamic impact of agriculture, economic growth, capital, and labor on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Indonesia from 1990-2022. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method, the findings indicate that agriculture plays a substantial role in decreasing CO2 emissions in the short and long run. Additionally, a consistent positive correlation exists between economic growth and CO2 emissions, underscoring the difficulty in decoupling economic progress from its environmental repercussions. Capital formation, on the other hand, exerts a noteworthy negative influence on CO2 emissions, particularly in the long run, implying that increased investment in capital formation, potentially in environmentally friendly technologies, could contribute to a gradual reduction in emissions. However, the expanding labor is identified as a significant driver of CO2 emissions, particularly in the long run. Highlighting the challenges associated with mitigating the environmental impact of workforce growth. Furthermore, the Granger causality results indicate unidirectional causality from CO2 emissions and labor to agriculture, from agriculture to economic growth and capital formation, and from economic growth to capital formation. Therefore, promoting sustainable agriculture, aligning economic growth with green technologies, incentivizing eco-friendly investment, integrating comprehensive planning, and maintaining flexible policies are crucial for Indonesia's effective environmental and economic management.
Governance Quality and Innovation Capability: Insights from Indonesia Hardi, Irsan; Majid, M. Shabri Abd.; Farlian, Talbani; Saleh, M.; Suriansyah, Andri; Syazalisma, Cut; Mose, Naftaly
Grimsa Journal of Business and Economics Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Graha Primera Saintifika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61975/gjbes.v3i1.103

Abstract

Innovation is a key driver of national competitiveness, and its advancement increasingly relies on the strength of governance quality. However, empirical evidence linking governance performance to national innovation outcomes in the Indonesian literature remains limited. This study addresses this gap by assessing how the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), used as a proxy for governance quality, affect Indonesia’s innovation capability as measured by the Global Innovation Index (GII). The analysis also incorporates additional factors that commonly influence innovation capabilities, including economic growth, foreign direct investment, and the labor force. By adopting a decomposition model to evaluate the individual contributions of each WGI dimension, and employing Gaussian Identity-link GLMs and robust least squares methods, the results show that governance quality overall has a positive and significant effect on Indonesia’s GII. When each component of the WGI is assessed individually, most dimensions display positive effects, with voice and accountability, political stability, and rule of law showing notably significant impacts. These findings imply that strengthening governance structures, particularly in transparency, stability, and legal certainty, is essential for advancing Indonesia’s innovation capability.
Classifying Beta-Secretase 1 Inhibitor Activity for Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery with LightGBM Teuku Rizky Noviandy; Khairun Nisa; Ghalieb Mutig Idroes; Irsan Hardi; Novi Reandy Sasmita
Journal of Computing Theories and Applications Vol. 1 No. 4 (2024): JCTA 1(4) 2024
Publisher : Universitas Dian Nuswantoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62411/jcta.10129

Abstract

This study explores the utilization of LightGBM, a gradient-boosting framework, to classify the inhibitory activity of beta-secretase 1 inhibitors, addressing the challenges of Alzheimer's disease drug discovery. The study aims to enhance classification performance by focusing on overcoming the limitations of traditional statistical models and conventional machine-learning techniques in handling complex molecular datasets. By sourcing a dataset of 7298 compounds from the ChEMBL database and calculating molecular descriptors for each compound as features, we employed LightGBM in conjunction with a set of carefully selected molecular descriptors to achieve a nuanced analysis of compound activities. The model's efficiency was benchmarked against traditional machine-learning algorithms, revealing LightGBM's superior accuracy (84.93%), precision (87.14%), sensitivity (89.93%), specificity (77.63%), and F1-score (88.17%) in classifying beta-secretase 1 inhibitor activity. The study underscores the critical role of molecular descriptors in understanding drug efficacy, highlighting LightGBM's potential in streamlining the virtual screening process. Conclusively, the findings advocate for LightGBM's adoption in computational drug discovery, offering a promising avenue for advancing Alzheimer's disease therapeutic development by facilitating the identification of potential drug candidates with enhanced precision and reliability.