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All Journal BIOEDUSAINS: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi dan Sains Jurnal Hasi Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta - JPPIE Indonesian Journal of Community Empowerment and Service Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Rafflesia Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences (RJNAS) Jurnal Biosilampari: Jurnal Biologi
Khafit Wiradimafan
Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Bengkulu
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Pengaruh Rasio Etanol-Air terhadap Rendemen dan Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Daun Azadirachta Indica Sinaga, Samuel Billie Tua; Ramanda, Putri; Mawakhid, Oki Rokhim; Shari, Winda; Wiradimafan, Khafit; ., Avidlyandi; Adfa, Morina
Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta Vol 5 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Hasi Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Eksakta - JPPIE
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Dharma Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47233/jppie.v5i1.2491

Abstract

Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) are widely recognized as a rich source of diverse bioactive compounds that exhibit promising pharmacological activities, including anticancer potential. Nevertheless, studies investigating how variations in solvent composition influence extract yield and cytotoxic activity remain limited. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of different ethanol–water solvent ratios (50%, 70%, and absolute ethanol) on both the extraction yield of neem leaves and their cytotoxic activity against Artemia salina Leach. The extraction procedure combined sonication and subsequent maceration using the three solvent systems to enhance compound recovery. Cytotoxic assessment was performed through the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) at concentrations of 1000, 500, 100, and 10 ppm, utilizing 48-hour-old larvae with three experimental replicates. Larval mortality was observed after 24 hours of exposure, and LC₅₀ values were determined using probit analysis and linear regression methods. The results demonstrated that extraction with 50% ethanol produced the highest yield (23.5%), followed by 70% ethanol (20.8%) and absolute ethanol (16.10%). In contrast, the strongest cytotoxic activity was observed in the 70% ethanol extract, which exhibited the lowest LC₅₀ value (62.87 ppm), followed by the 50% ethanol extract (64.23 ppm) and the absolute ethanol extract (99.15 ppm). These findings indicate that solvent ratio significantly influences both extraction efficiency and cytotoxic potency; however, extract yield was not directly correlated with cytotoxic activity. Importantly, all extracts demonstrated LC₅₀ values below 100 ppm, suggesting notable toxicity and highlighting their potential as candidates for developing anticancer raw materials.
Co-Authors ., Avidlyandi Afif, Muhammad adli Alvin Reagen, Muhamad Andini, Vicka Avidlyandi, Avidlyandi Azizah Khusnul Charles Banon elwarni, Fayza maya Endarwati Wiwik Endarwati Irfan Gustian Juliari Kusnanda, Arif Khairani, Nurliza Khusnul Azizah Lisna Hamni M. Rafi Martono H.P, Agus Mawakhid, Oki Rokhim Morina Adfa Munifilia Ekasari Nurhasana, Devi Prima Yudha, Sal Puspasari, Jesi Ramanda, Putri Reagen, Muhamad Alvin Risky Hadi Wibowo SALPRIMA YUDHA S Salprima Yudha S. Shari Winda Shari, Winda Sinaga, Samuel Billie Tua Triawan Deni Agus Triawan, Deni Agus Wibowo Risky Hadi Winda Shari Yudha S Yudha S