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Journal : heca journal of applied sciences

In Vitro Test of Antioxidant Activity of Leilem Leaf Ethanol Extract (Clerodendrum minahassae) Using DPPH and FRAP Methods Malino, Angeline Priscillia; Kepel, Billy Johnson; Budiarso, Fona Dwiana Hermina; Fatimawali, Fatimawali; Manampiring, Aaltje Ellen; Bodhi, Widdhi
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v2i1.135

Abstract

The risk of degenerative diseases is increasing due to unhealthy lifestyles. Many people consume junk food, smoke, and do not protect themselves from sun exposure and pollution, exposing their bodies to free radicals. Free radicals can cause oxidative stress, necessitating the need for antioxidants to neutralize them. The leilem plant (Clerodendrum minahassae) is an endemic plant from North Sulawesi that is often used in traditional dishes and medicine. Moreover, leilem leaves are believed to be a source of natural antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of leilem leaf ethanol extract as a source of antioxidants. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using phytochemical screening and antioxidant assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods, with ascorbic acid as a comparison. The level of antioxidant activity was measured by determining the IC50 value, which corresponds to the concentration of extract required to inhibit 50% of free radicals. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of leilem (Clerodendrum minahassae) leaves contains active compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and alkaloids, indicating a high potential for antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for the DPPH method was 78.799 ppm, and the IC50 value for the FRAP method was 92.127 ppm. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extract of leilem leaves has strong antioxidant activity in both the DPPH and FRAP methods.
Integrative Network Pharmacology Study of Cordyceps militaris Compounds for Prostate Cancer Treatment Laihad, Sarah Cecilia Astrid; Tallei , Trina Ekawati; Tendean , Lydia Estelina Naomi; Turalaki, Grace Lendawati Amelia; Marunduh, Sylvia Ritta; Purwanto , Diana Shintawati; Kepel, Billy Johnson; Abas, Abdul Hawil
Heca Journal of Applied Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/hjas.v4i1.382

Abstract

Prostate cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in men, while adverse effects and the development of drug resistance often limit current therapeutic strategies. Natural products have gained increasing attention as potential sources of novel anticancer agents due to their multitarget properties and relatively low toxicity. Cordyceps militaris, a medicinal fungus rich in bioactive compounds, has been reported to exhibit anticancer activity; however, its compound-target interactions in prostate cancer have not been comprehensively elucidated. This study aimed to explore the interactions between C. militaris bioactive compounds and prostate cancer-associated targets using a pharmacology network-based in silico approach. A total of 50 bioactive compounds were collected from metabolite profiling studies, of which 19 compounds were selected based on high predicted TP53 expression enhancer activity (Pa ≥ 0.7) using WAY2DRUG PASS analysis. Protein targets were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction and the Similarity Ensemble Approach, and then intersected with prostate cancer-associated proteins retrieved from GEPIA2, GeneCards, and OMIM, yielding 499 overlapping targets. Protein interaction network analysis was performed using STRING and visualized in Cytoscape, enabling the identification of key hub proteins based on the applied parameters, highlighting ten key proteins, including SRC, ESR1, MAPK1, AKT1, HSP90AA1, MAPK3, HSP90AB1, EGFR, GRB2, and PRKACA, within the interaction network. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these targets were predominantly involved in cancer-associated signaling pathways, such as the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathway. Furthermore, the results revealed that the selected compounds interact with these key prostate cancer-associated proteins. Pharmacokinetic and toxicity evaluation predicted favorable drug-likeness and acceptable safety profiles for selected compounds. Overall, this study highlights the potential of C. militaris bioactive compounds as promising alternative for prostate cancer through multitarget modulation of clinically relevant signaling pathways. Further experimental validation is still required to confirm these findings.