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AI-thinking in secondary mathematics education: A design-based research on Bayesian-based probabilistic reasoning Pramartha, I Nyoman Bagus; Hendriyanto, Agus; Muhaimin, Lukman Hakim
Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/ijsme.v9i1.30923

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in mathematics education often treats it as a "black box" computational tool, neglecting students' understanding of inferential logic and uncertainty. This study addresses this gap in "AI Thinking" by formulating operational indicators for secondary mathematics, designing Bayesian Network (BN)-based learning scenarios for conditional probability, and evaluating BN’s role in supporting probabilistic reasoning. Using a Design-Based Research (DBR) approach over two iterative cycles with 64 eleventh-grade students, results indicate that BN effectively bridges abstract conditional probability with Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) representations, enabling students to perform belief updates and "what-if" simulations, with significant post-test improvements (mean increase = 18.7; 0.84). The implications of this study provide a specific pedagogical contribution by shifting AI literacy from general computer science into the core mathematics curriculum. By utilizing BN, this research demonstrates how complex Bayesian inference can be made accessible to secondary students, transforming the teaching of "uncertainty" from static formula-plugging into dynamic, model-based reasoning. This framework offers educators a scalable way to integrate transparent AI logic directly into statistics and probability lessons, empowering students to critically evaluate model assumptions and evidence-based decisions in an increasingly automated world.
Analyzing the Mathematical Literacy of Indonesian Students: Characteristics, Challenges, and Technology-Enhanced Solutions Muhaimin, Lukman Hakim; Vrapi, Asllan; Anggareni, Peni; Abadi, Ma'ulfi Kharis; Kholid, Muhammad Noor; Dewi, Deshinta A
Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jetlc.v3i2.2494

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aims to uncover the characteristics of Indonesian students' mathematical literacy, the challenges they face in solving mathematical problems, and to propose effective solutions, including technology-enhanced interventions, for improvement. Methodology: This study uses a qualitative phenomenological approach to explore students’ experiences in mathematical literacy. Data were collected through AKM-based algebra tasks, interviews, and observations involving three purposively selected middle school students. Method triangulation ensured validity, while digital tools, including audio recording and NVivo software, supported systematic qualitative data coding and analysis. Main Findings: The findings indicate that students’ incorrect answers often arise from difficulties in identifying key problem elements. This misidentification triggers cascading errors across subsequent problem-solving steps, creating a domino effect. Analysis revealed distinct patterns in communication, mathematization, representation, problem-solving strategies, symbolic operations, and reasoning. These patterned error trajectories align well with digital logging, automated analysis, and real-time feedback, enabling direct application in designing digital assessment platforms, intelligent tutoring systems, and learning analytics dashboards to diagnose learning breakdowns. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study uniquely bridges qualitative phenomenological analysis with concrete technological design, systematically translating error patterns into detection algorithms, scaffolding rules, and dashboard specifications. Unlike prior research that either describes difficulties or proposes technology, we explicitly operationalize how intelligent systems can detect and respond to cascading error patterns in real time. The result is a contextually grounded framework for AKM-aligned technology implementation tailored to Indonesian educational realities, including infrastructure constraints and teacher capacity.
The Role of Digital Technology in the Design of Mathematics Teaching and Learning: A Systematic Literature Review Fitriana, Laila; Hendriyanto, Agus; Sahara, Sani; Muhaimin, Lukman Hakim; Wintarti, Atik; Listiawan, Tomi; Saputro, Anip Dwi; A Dewi, Deshinta
Journal of Educational Technology and Learning Creativity Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jetlc.v3i2.2503

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study systematically reviews the role of digital technologies in the design of mathematics teaching and learning over the past decade. It aims to evaluate how digital tools have been integrated into task and lesson design, identifying emerging trends, challenges, and innovations. Methodology: A systematic literature review (SLR) following the PRISMA framework was conducted, analyzing studies published between 2014 and 2023. A total of 32 studies were included, sourced from various academic databases. These studies were examined to explore the use of digital technologies such as GeoGebra, Dynamic Geometry Environments (DGE), mobile apps, and others in mathematics instruction. Main Findings: The review found that digital technologies, particularly GeoGebra and DGE, were frequently used to enhance mathematical exploration and conjecturing. Other tools, including mobile applications, augmented reality (AR), and AI, have contributed to innovative teaching strategies, increasing student engagement and understanding. However, challenges such as unequal access to technology and the need for teacher training in tool integration were identified. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides a unique contribution by focusing not only on the use of digital tools but also on their role within the broader teaching design context. It offers insights into how these technologies shape pedagogical strategies, helping educators design more effective and inclusive mathematics education environments.
The Role of Learning Media in Learning Mathematics: a Systematic Literature Review Muhaimin, Lukman Hakim; Juandi, Dadang
Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education Vol 13, No 1 (2023): Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education (JMME)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jmme.v13i1.74425

Abstract

Learning media is a tool that can assist the process of transferring knowledge from teacher to student so that learning is more effective. This literature study provides a comprehensive study of the benefits and role of instructional media in learning mathematics. This literature systematics uses Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) as a research approach. The PRISMA stages include: identification, screening, eligibility, and include. Acquisition of 113 articles sourced from Scopus, ERIC, and Proquest databases taken in the last decade. Through PRISMA, 12 review articles were obtained, which became data to answer research questions. The results showed that Indonesia has the most research areas, 9 out of 12 studies. SMA level has the most application of instructional media from the research collected. Various types of media are used, and these various types of media result in the development of various mathematical materials through learning media. Some of the material developed includes geometry (in seven studies), trigonometry (in two studies), as well as material on functions, algebra, and quadratic equations (each in one study). Learning media can also develop mathematical cognitive abilities, including mathematical problem-solving, mathematical understanding, mathematical communication, critical mathematical thinking, mathematical representation, mathematical reasoning, and spatial abilities. In addition, affective abilities can also be developed, such as learning independence (in two studies), self-confidence, creativity, and learning concentration.
Mathematical Learning Experiment Using Numbered Heads Together And Think Pair Share Models, Examined From The Learning Style Muhaimin, Lukman Hakim; Mukhibin, Ahmad; Mitrayana, Mitrayana; Dasari, Dadan
Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education Vol 12, No 2 (2022): Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education (JMME)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jmme.v12i2.67990

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the NHT and TPS learning models on mathematics learning outcomes, the impact of student learning styles on mathematics learning outcomes, and the result of the interaction of learning models and student learning styles on mathematics learning outcomes. This type of quantitative research with a quasi-experimental design. The research sample consisted of two classes (experimental and control) which were taken using Cluster Random Sampling from the population of all course VIII students of SMP 4 Muhammadiyah Surakarta in the academic year 2021/2022. Data collection techniques with questionnaires and tests. Before the research, a balance test was conducted to determine whether the two samples had the same initial abilities. The normality test and homogeneity test are prerequisite analysis tests in this study. The data analysis technique using two-way cell analysis of variance is different, with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the NHT and TPS learning models affected mathematics learning outcomes. The mathematics learning outcomes of students who were given the NHT learning model tended to be better than those who were given the TPS learning model. Learning styles affect the results of learning mathematics. Students with an auditory learning style get better learning results than visual and kinesthetic learning styles. The interaction between the NHT and TPS learning models on mathematics learning outcomes in terms of student learning styles