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Study of Living Law and its Implication in the Formation of the Criminal Code (KUHP) in the Era of Decentralization of Indonesian Laws Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Sopian, Sopian
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 04 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i04.1363

Abstract

This study explores the implications of living law in the formation of Indonesia's Criminal Code during the era of legal decentralization. Living law, comprising unwritten customs and traditions, continues to play a vital role in many Indonesian communities, particularly in the context of criminal justice. The research employs a juridical analysis and case study approach, focusing on regions where adat law (customary law) significantly influences legal practices. The findings reveal both the benefits and challenges of integrating living law into the formal legal system. While living law enhances cultural relevance and community-based justice, it also introduces concerns about legal fragmentation and potential conflicts with national human rights standards. The study recommends selective incorporation of living law into the Criminal Code, along with efforts to codify regional customs to ensure consistency and legal certainty. This research contributes to the ongoing debate on legal pluralism in Indonesia, offering insights into the future of criminal law reform in a decentralized system.
The Role of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes in Handling Cases of Gender-Based Violence in Indonesia Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Triyantoro, Andri
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 04 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i04.1365

Abstract

This paper examines the application of Law Number 12 of 2022 on the Crime of Sexual Violence in addressing cases of gender-based violence (GBV) within Indonesia’s creative economy. Using a juridical analysis approach, the study explores the effectiveness of the law in protecting victims, prosecuting offenders, and preventing future incidents of sexual violence in a sector characterized by informal employment and unique workplace dynamics. Case studies of sexual violence incidents in the creative economy reveal challenges in reporting, barriers in legal processes, and the critical role of industry stakeholders in mitigating or enabling GBV. While the law offers comprehensive protections, including victim support and criminal sanctions, its effective implementation requires enhanced law enforcement training, workplace safety policies, and accessible reporting mechanisms. The study concludes with recommendations to strengthen the application of Law Number 12 of 2022, ensuring greater protection for creative industry workers from gender-based violence.
Normative Study of Law No. 27 of 2022 on the Protection of Personal Data and its Impact on the Fintech Industry in Indonesia Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Judijanto, Loso; Khuan, Hendri; Triyantoro, Andri
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 04 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i04.1367

Abstract

The enactment of Law No. 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection marks a pivotal moment in Indonesia’s regulatory framework, particularly for industries that handle significant amounts of personal data, such as the financial technology (fintech) sector. This study provides a normative juridical analysis of the PDP Law and examines its impact on the fintech industry. The research focuses on the law’s key provisions, including consent requirements, data breach notification, and data security obligations. Additionally, the study explores the operational challenges fintech companies face in complying with the law, such as the costs of compliance, technical requirements, and the need for employee training. While the PDP Law enhances consumer trust by offering greater protection and transparency, it also presents hurdles that fintech firms must overcome to ensure compliance. The analysis concludes with recommendations for fintech companies to balance legal obligations with innovation to maintain competitiveness in Indonesia’s evolving digital economy.
Bibliometric Analysis of Islamic Criminal Law Research in the Modern Legal System Judijanto, Loso; Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat
West Science Islamic Studies Vol. 3 No. 01 (2025): West Science Islamic Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsiss.v3i01.1616

Abstract

This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of Islamic criminal law research within modern legal systems, using data exclusively from the Scopus database and analyzed with VOSviewer. The findings reveal that traditional principles such as hudud and qisas remain central to the discourse, while contemporary themes like human rights, criminal justice, and corruption are gaining prominence. The analysis highlights localized applications, particularly in regions like Aceh, Indonesia, where Sharia law is implemented within a pluralistic legal framework, showcasing both opportunities and challenges. Furthermore, the study underscores ongoing tensions between Islamic jurisprudence and international human rights norms, particularly regarding issues like the death penalty and gender equality. The co-occurrence and collaborative networks indicate an evolving academic landscape that seeks to harmonize traditional Islamic principles with the demands of modern governance and ethical frameworks. This study calls for future interdisciplinary research to address challenges and explore innovative applications of Islamic criminal law, particularly in restorative justice and governance, to ensure its relevance in addressing contemporary societal and legal issues.
Legal Education for the Community: Efforts to Raise Legal Awareness in Community D Flora, Henny Saida; Jumra, Jumra; Rasyid, Mukhawas; Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Sari, Nurmi
Journal Of Human And Education (JAHE) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Human And Education (JAHE)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jh.v5i1.2263

Abstract

Penelitian ini menggali peran penting pendidikan hukum masyarakat (PKM) dalam meningkatkan kesadaran hukum dan pemberdayaan di kalangan masyarakat yang terpinggirkan. Dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif, artikel ini mengkaji tantangan dan peluang dalam menerapkan program PKM yang efektif, dengan mengacu pada literatur ilmiah terkini dan studi kasus. Studi ini menyoroti pentingnya pendekatan yang peka budaya, mudah diakses, dan partisipatif terhadap pendidikan hukum, yang menekankan potensi PKM untuk mempromosikan keadilan sosial dan memperkuat ketahanan masyarakat. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Komunitas D, sebuah wilayah yang terisolasi secara geografis dan kurang beruntung secara ekonomi dengan proporsi populasi yang terpinggirkan yang tinggi. Data dikumpulkan melalui tinjauan dokumen, wawancara, dan kelompok fokus, yang dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi tema dan wawasan utama mengenai efektivitas program PKM di Komunitas D. Temuan mengungkapkan kesenjangan yang signifikan dalam kesadaran hukum, tantangan dalam program yang ada, dan peluang untuk peningkatan melalui kemitraan komunitas, materi yang disesuaikan secara budaya, dan solusi berbasis teknologi. Artikel ini menyimpulkan dengan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan pendanaan, membangun kapasitas di kalangan pendidik komunitas, dan memanfaatkan kemitraan strategis untuk memajukan pendidikan hukum masyarakat dan keadilan sosial
The Effectiveness of Restorative Justice in Resolving Minor Crimes at the Police Level: A Comparative Study Between Formal Legal Approach and Restorative Justice Flora, Henny Saida; Hajriana, Hajriana; Dwiprigitaningtias, Indah; Suningrat, Nining; Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Puspitasari, Dyah Rosiana
International Journal of Community Service (IJCS) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): January-June
Publisher : PT Inovasi Pratama Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/ijcs.v4i1.1402

Abstract

This study examines how restorative justice (RJ) and formal legal procedures compare in handling minor crimes at the police level in Jakarta, Indonesia. Using a qualitative legal-methods approach, it analyzes Indonesian laws and regulations (KUHP, KUHAP, Perkapolri, etc.), official police data, and recent case studies (2021–2025) from Jakarta police divisions. Key findings indicate that, under Perkapolri No. 8/2021 and Law No. 8/2021 (amending KUHAP), Indonesian police can now resolve many non-violent minor offenses via RJ. For example, Polres Metro Jakarta Barat reported resolving 525 cases through RJ in 2022. Compared to formal prosecution (which proceeds to court and possible imprisonment), RJ often brings faster, amicable settlements and reduces case backlogs. However, strict criteria apply: RJ is limited to relatively minor crimes with victim consent, and excluded are serious offenses or those injuring public justice. An illustrative case in South Jakarta involved a laptop theft on public transit resolved by RJ after the victim reclaimed her property and withdrew charges. This comparative analysis finds that while RJ has effectively resolved many petty cases (with support from police policies and victim participation), formal procedures remain necessary for severe crimes to ensure legal certainty and social justice. The study concludes that Indonesia’s dual approach—relying on formal law for serious offenses and RJ for minor disputes—offers practical benefits, provided safeguards (e.g. clear guidelines and voluntariness) are maintained.
Bibliometric Analysis of Islamic Criminal Law Research in the Modern Legal System Judijanto, Loso; Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat
West Science Islamic Studies Vol. 3 No. 01 (2025): West Science Islamic Studies
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wsiss.v3i01.1616

Abstract

This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of Islamic criminal law research within modern legal systems, using data exclusively from the Scopus database and analyzed with VOSviewer. The findings reveal that traditional principles such as hudud and qisas remain central to the discourse, while contemporary themes like human rights, criminal justice, and corruption are gaining prominence. The analysis highlights localized applications, particularly in regions like Aceh, Indonesia, where Sharia law is implemented within a pluralistic legal framework, showcasing both opportunities and challenges. Furthermore, the study underscores ongoing tensions between Islamic jurisprudence and international human rights norms, particularly regarding issues like the death penalty and gender equality. The co-occurrence and collaborative networks indicate an evolving academic landscape that seeks to harmonize traditional Islamic principles with the demands of modern governance and ethical frameworks. This study calls for future interdisciplinary research to address challenges and explore innovative applications of Islamic criminal law, particularly in restorative justice and governance, to ensure its relevance in addressing contemporary societal and legal issues.
Analysis of the Influence of Legal, Social, and Political Factors on Religious Freedom in Indonesia Harsya, Rabith Madah Khulaili; Mokodenseho, Sabil; Silaban, Yabes Sentosa; Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 01 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i01.592

Abstract

This research investigates the influence of legal, political, and social factors on religious freedom in Indonesia through a quantitative analysis. A sample of 150 participants was surveyed, and a structural equation model was employed to examine the relationships between these factors and their impact on perceptions of religious freedom. The results reveal significant positive associations between legal awareness, political dynamics, social attitudes, and religious freedom. The study contributes valuable insights for policymakers, legal practitioners, and advocacy groups seeking to enhance religious freedom in Indonesia
Study of Living Law and its Implication in the Formation of the Criminal Code (KUHP) in the Era of Decentralization of Indonesian Laws Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Sopian, Sopian
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 04 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i04.1363

Abstract

This study explores the implications of living law in the formation of Indonesia's Criminal Code during the era of legal decentralization. Living law, comprising unwritten customs and traditions, continues to play a vital role in many Indonesian communities, particularly in the context of criminal justice. The research employs a juridical analysis and case study approach, focusing on regions where adat law (customary law) significantly influences legal practices. The findings reveal both the benefits and challenges of integrating living law into the formal legal system. While living law enhances cultural relevance and community-based justice, it also introduces concerns about legal fragmentation and potential conflicts with national human rights standards. The study recommends selective incorporation of living law into the Criminal Code, along with efforts to codify regional customs to ensure consistency and legal certainty. This research contributes to the ongoing debate on legal pluralism in Indonesia, offering insights into the future of criminal law reform in a decentralized system.
The Role of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes in Handling Cases of Gender-Based Violence in Indonesia Zuwanda, Zulkham Sadat; Triyantoro, Andri
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 04 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i04.1365

Abstract

This paper examines the application of Law Number 12 of 2022 on the Crime of Sexual Violence in addressing cases of gender-based violence (GBV) within Indonesia’s creative economy. Using a juridical analysis approach, the study explores the effectiveness of the law in protecting victims, prosecuting offenders, and preventing future incidents of sexual violence in a sector characterized by informal employment and unique workplace dynamics. Case studies of sexual violence incidents in the creative economy reveal challenges in reporting, barriers in legal processes, and the critical role of industry stakeholders in mitigating or enabling GBV. While the law offers comprehensive protections, including victim support and criminal sanctions, its effective implementation requires enhanced law enforcement training, workplace safety policies, and accessible reporting mechanisms. The study concludes with recommendations to strengthen the application of Law Number 12 of 2022, ensuring greater protection for creative industry workers from gender-based violence.