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All Journal Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research)
Suryana Purawisastra
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FERMENTASI SUBSTRAT TERENDAM AMPAS KELAPA UNTUK PEMBUATAN MANNOSA Suryana Purawisastra; Erwin Affandi; Luxi R. Pasaribu
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) JILID 22 (1999)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v0i0.1525.

Abstract

The Submerged Fermentation of Coconut Kernel Residue to Produce Mannose.The submerged fermentation of coconut kernel residue was carried out to produce the mannose, since the residue contains a lot of the natural mannose. Whereas the mannose is widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic manufactures as the filing substance, in addition to its ability to reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholera and Salmonella adhering to the intestinal tissue. The coconut kernel residue used in this experiment was the fresh home-made residue, which was washed using hot water to eliminate the coconut milk, dried and grounded to become flour. The Bacillus subtilis was used in the form of cell suspension for the fermentation. The fermentation was carried out in two steps. The first step was to optimize the volume of suspension, and the second step was to optimize the coconuts residue flour used in the fermentation medium. The result of the experiment shown that the fermentation of the residue to produce the mannose was carried out by the submerged fermentation, since the residue of coconut kernel is insoluble in the liquid medium. The optimal suspension of inoculum was 2% (v/v) used in the submerged substrate medium for fermentation of 48 hours fermentation in 37o C incubator. The optimal percentage of the residue coconut flour was used 0.5% (v/v) resulting 3.18 g mannose in 100 g of the residue fermented in dried matter.Keywords: submerged fermentation, coconut kernel residue, mannose.
PENURUNAN KADAR SIANIDA SINGKONG PAHIT PADA PROSES FERMENTASI CAIR BAKTERI BREVIBACTERIUM LACTOFERMENTEMUM BL-1M76 Suryana Purawisastra; Heru Yuniati
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 27 No. 1 (2004)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v27i1.1408.

Abstract

THE REDUCTION OF THE CYANIDE CONTENT OF BITIER CASSAVA BY THE PROCESS OF LIQUID FERMENTATION USING BREVIBACTERIUM LACTOFERMENTUM BL-1M76.Background: Cassava is one of the important source of carbohydrate in tropical countries, that easliy grows in any kind of soil. However, there is a kind of cassava containing cyanide substance, which is toxic for human consumption. This kind of cassava known as bitter cassava contains more starch, but it can't be used as food directly. Usually, people uses this cassava as raw material for producing starch known as 'tapioka' by the traditional method. The cyanide substance in cassava can be degraded by bacteria known as Brevibacterium sp R312 that is capable to degrade about 80% of the cyianide content in cassava, since this bacteria produces some enzymes namely E glucosidase, nitrilhydratase, and amidase, which degrade this cyanide substance. In our laboratory, has another strain of this bacteria, Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76, which Is not harmful and has potential capability in producing amino acid of lysine. Objectives: The study was conducted to investigate the potential of the bacteria Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76 in reducting of the cyanide substance of bitter cassava using the process of liquid fermentation. Materials and Methods: This experiment used four kinds of bitter cassava obtained from the Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi Tanaman Pangan, Departemen Pertanian (The Research Station of Biotechnology for Food Crops). Those cassavas are known as Adira II, Adria IV, 39.1.1 code, and 46.8 code. The liquid fermentation was conducted in the erlenmeyer flask 250 ml containing 10 ml of 10% cassava medium. The process of fermentation was done in two steps. The first step was to decide the maxmium volume and concentration cell of bacteria suspension, and the duration time of the incubation at the 28°C. The observation was done to the changes content of cyanide, and protein of the cassava medium due to the fermentation. Results: The maximum volume of bacteria cell in the first fermentation was 5 ml for 10 ml of 10% cassava medium. In the second fermentation indicated that the achievement degradation of Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76 cyanide substances for all kind bitter cassava was 100%. However, the protein content was not shown any different.Conclusions: The cyanide substance contained in bitter cassava known as Adira II, Adira IV, 39.1.1 code, and 46.8 code can be degraded by the bacteria of Brevibacterium fermentum BL-1M76 in the process of liquid fermentation. Keywords: cyanide, brevibacterium fermentum, bitter cassava, liquid fermentation 
PENGUJIAN NETRALISASI SIFAT REAKTIF BUMBU DALAM GARAM BERYODIUM DENGAN BAHAN TAMBAHAN MAKANAN Suryana Purawisastra; Mien Karmini
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 25 No. 2 (2002)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v25i2.1421.

Abstract

THE NEUTRALIZE EXAMINATION OF THE SPICES REACTIVITY IN THE IODIZED SALT BY THE ADDITIVE OF THE FOOD ADDITIVES.Background: The potassiumiodate of the iodized salt in the mixture with some spices is bind in the form of the compounds, which are not available for the determination of the iodine by the chemical method. This is due to the reactivity of susbtances contained inspices, such as capsaicin in the chilli, and piperine in the paprika, which are responsible for the spiciness of the spices. Although ithasn't been studied, the configuration of the potassiumiodate in the spices is probably also not available for the human consumption. Where as the supplementation of iodized salt to recover the iodine deficiency is effective. The food additives mostly are the chemical substances, which have properties to keep or increase the quality of food.Objectives: The study was performed to investigate the effect of food additives to the reactivity of spices to the potassiumiodate of iodized salt.Material and Methods: The food additive was added to the iodized salt, and then mixed with the spice. Dissolved by the water incertain volume, filtered, and then determined the potassiumiodate content of the filtrate by the Yodometric method. The potassiumiodate content of the filtrate was compared with the potassiumiodate content of the salt. The result of percent comparisonis the recovery of potassiumiodate when mixed with food additive and spice. The recovery of potassiumiodate was done for the different potassiumiodate content of iodized salt. The study was using CaCO3, KH2P04, MgS04, Na2C03, NaHP04, K-citrate, benzoat acid, dan Na-benzoat as food additives, and the red chilli, hot chilli, pepper and coriander.Results: The reactivity of the pepper and coriander to the potassiumiodate of the iodized salt could be netralized by the addition of CaCO3, KH2P04, MgS04, Na2CO3, NaHP04, K-citrate, benzoic acid, dan Na-benzoic. But for the red chilli and hot chilli were not allof them, these were for CaC03 K-citrate, and benzoic acid. It was shown by the value of recovery of potassiumiodate contents of the iodized salt. The netralization properties of food addives were increased by the increasing of the potassiumiodate content of the iodized salt.Conclusions: The addition of some food additives into the iodized salt is able to prevent the iodate content of the salt from there activity of subtances in the spice. The addition of food additives also can pick up moisture of salt resulting preventation of the salt particles clumping together and so keep the product free flowing.Keywords: potassiumiodate, spices, iodized salt
PENGUJIAN BERAS AKING SEBAGAI BAHAN MAKANAN Bambang N.; Heri R. M.; Tita R.; Suryana Purawisastra
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v31i1.1511.

Abstract

The Study On The Used Rice as Staple Food.Background: Due to the high price of rice, some people used the used rice known as "beras aking" as staple food replacing the rice. The rice was cooked similar to the cooking of original rice. In its preparation to become aking, the cooked rice firstly is dried under the sun until the rice becoming dry. Consequently, the appearance of the rice is brownness color and sometime already grown by the mold. However, the people are preferred to choose the aking than other alternate food such as cassava. Therefore we performed to study the nutrition and acceptability of the used rice through the chemical analysis, microbial observation and sensory evaluation of the cooked of used rice.Objectives: The objective of this study is to asses the uses rice as staple food.Methods: Five samples of the used rice were obtained from district of Cirebon, Sumedang, Cileles, Indramayu and Bandung. The method of study is descriptive method to examine the characteristic of used rice by comparing with the ordinary rice.Results: As the consequent in preparation of the used rice, its content of moisture, pH, density and whiteness were low than those of ordinary rice. In addition, the content of reducing sugar was a bit higher than these of original rice. However, the protein content of used rice showed the various result, two samples of them had protein content less than the usual rice's while the rest three samples had protetn content higher than the ordinary rice's. The content of ash and total count of microbial in the used rice was seemly not different from the usual rice's However, the growth of microbial during preparation of the used rice was observed. Therefore, the examination of toxic substance should be done. The color, texture and aroma of the used rice were assessed lower than those of the ordinary rice in descriptive analysts. The steamed used rice had brownish white color, very soft texture and enough annoying acid aroma. Conclusion: The quality of used rice could be increased both nutritionally and its acceptance. Mixing the used rice with other ingredient and the more controlled drying process and good raw material would increase the quality of the used rice. In addition, the examination of toxic substance produced the micro organism should be done, since the micro organism growth during the preparation of used rice.Keywords: the used rice, beras aking.
PENGEMBANGAN MINUMAN FORMULA IBU HAMIL DAN MENETEKI BERBASIS BAHAN LOKAL NON SUSU Almasyhuri Almasyhuri; Nelis Imanningsih; Suryana Purawisastra; Erwin Affandi; Nunung Nurjanah
Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan (The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research) Vol. 31 No. 1 (2008)
Publisher : Persagi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/pgm.v31i1.1514.

Abstract

The Development of Non-Milk Based Formulated Drinks For Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women.Background: The pregnant and breastfeeding women need a greater nutrition intake compared to normal women. At second and third trimester of pregnancy, and during breastfeeding, a woman should have additional nutrient for approximately 300 Kcal energy and 17 grams protein per day. Recently, various formula drinks for pregnant and breastfeeding women are available in the market, however most of these formulas are expensive.Objectives: To develop non-milk based formula drinks for pregnant and breastfeeding women which contained adequate amount of additional macro and micro nutrients had good sensory quality and had long self life.Methods: Initially, 13 kinds of drinks were formulated. The drinks contained aproximately 300 Kcal energy and 17grams protein. They were analyzed for nutrient contain, microbiology and sensory quality in order to vote the best 5 formulas at the laboratory scale. The formulated drinks were packaged and sealed in 150 mL plastic cups. To know the self life of the drinks, storage was carry out in the room, incubator and refrigerator temperature during 12 months.Results: From sensory test, it was concluded that the best five drinks were kweni formula, chocholate formula, ginger formula, guava-orange formula and red bean formula. One cup of 150 ml formulated drink, had 140-150 Kcal energy and 8 grams protein. Therefore, to fulfill additional requirements for pregnant and breastfeeding women, the drinks should be consumed 2 cups a day.Conclusions: The formula drink developed could provide additional energy, protein, vitamin and mineral needed by pregnant and breast feeding women. There was no side effect reported by the panelist because of consuming the formula.Keywords: formulated drinks, pregnant women, breastfeeding women, acceptance.
Co-Authors Almasyhuri Almasyhuri Bambang N. Dewi Sabita Slamet Djoko Kartono Endi Ridwan Erwin Affandi Heri R. M. Herman Sudiman Hermana Hermana Heru Yuniarti Heru Yuniati Luxi R. Pasaribu M. Saidin Mien K. Mahmud Mien Karmini Nelis Imanningsih Nunung Nurjanah Rossi R. Apriyanto Sandjaja Sandjaja Sihadi Sihadi Tita R. Uken S. Soetrisno Uken S.S. Soetrisno