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All Journal Media Kedokteran Hewan Jurnal Medik Veteriner
Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Detection in Escherichia coli in Canary Birds (Serinus canaria) Imported from Malaysia Istiana, Izzatul; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi; Sari, Fifin Kurnia; Purbowati, Tri Endah; Rahmandari, Dina Agylia; Mufasirin; Setiawan, Boedi; Rahardjo, Dadik
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2025): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v36i2.2025.123-136

Abstract

The frequency of canary imports continues to increase every year. Antibiotic resistance is a global problem that threatens human and animal health worldwide. Human interaction with birds as pets is a public health concern because it has the potential to increase zoonotic diseases. This study was conducted to identify the antibiotic resistance of E. coli using fecal swab samples of imported canaries from Malaysia. Samples were grown on an EMBA medium for the isolation test, Gram staining test, and IMViC test were performed to continue the identification test -Kirby-Bauer diffusion test - to determine antibiotic sensitivity. Based on morphological culture, Gram staining, and biochemical tests, the sample examination results showed 18% (27/150) were positive for E. coli, 16% (24/150) showed the highest resistance to tetracycline, 15,33% (23/150) amoxicillin, 12,66% (19/150) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 6% (9/150) ciprofloxacin, and 14,66% (22/150) isolates were confirmed MDR because they were resistant to three to four antibiotics. Further efforts are needed to understand and address the factors that lead to antibiotic resistance in the context of animal and public health. Prudent management of antibiotic use and monitoring of antibiotic resistance needs to be improved to maintain animal health and prevent the risk of transmission of resistant bacteria to humans.
Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Detection in Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Canary Birds (Serinus canaria) Imported from Malaysia Endah, Tri; Effendi, Mustofa Helmi; Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi; Istiana, Izzatul; Sari, Fifin Kurnia; Rahmandari, Dina Agylia
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2025): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v36i2.2025.173-188

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a top priority for the WHO and the EU Commission, considering it a top 10 threat to global public health. This study provides an overview of the potential spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae, which exhibits multi-drug resistance (MDR), as a reservoir for the spread of resistance genes in the community. Samples were incubated on an MCA medium for isolation, followed by a Gram stain test and an IMViC test for further identification. The Kirby-Bauer diffusion test was used to determine antibiotic sensitivity. Based on the morphological characterization of the cultures, Gram stain results, and biochemical tests, it was found that, of the 150 samples isolated, 12 (8%) were positive for K. pneumoniae; 91.66% (11/12) of the isolates showed the highest level of resistance to amoxicillin, 83.33% (10/12) to tetracycline, 66.66% (8/12) to ciprofloxacin, and 66.66% (8/12) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. As many as 83.33% (10/12) were identified as MDR as they showed resistance to three to four types of antibiotics. Judicious use of antibiotics, including proper selection of antibiotics and monitoring of their usage patterns, is key to maintaining treatment effectiveness. Joint efforts from various parties are needed to optimize the use of antibiotics and minimize the risk of bacterial resistance.
Detection of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) mRNA in Serum and Ovarian Tissue of Local Indonesian Cattle Using EvaGreen-based RT–qPCR Dikman, Dicky Mohammad; Puspitasari, Heni; Waluyo, Seagames; Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi; Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Srianto, Pudji; Luqman, Epy Muhammad; Suprayogi, Tri Wahyu; Madyawati, Sri Pantja; Safitri, Erma; Lestari, Tita Damayanti
Jurnal Medik Veteriner Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jmv.vol8.iss2.2025.382-397

Abstract

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been identified as a potential biomarker for assessing ovarian reserve and reproductive capacity in cattle, with high heritability and relatively stable expression. However, studies detecting AMH mRNA in bovine serum remain scarce due to the matrix’s inherently low RNA yield, susceptibility to degradation, and potential presence of PCR inhibitors. This study provides an exploratory validation of AMH mRNA detection in serum — a challenging matrix compared with ovarian tissue — using EvaGreen-based reverse transcriptase–quantitative PCR (RT–qPCR). Specific primers for the AMH and β-actin genes were designed in silico and validated through melting curve analysis and linearity testing. The results showed high amplification efficiency (AMH: 100.2%, R² = 0.994; β-actin: 109.1%, R² = 0.996), with specific amplification of both targets. AMH detection in serum samples was successful in some samples, while the β-actin gene was consistently amplified as a reference gene. Despite the low RNA quality from serum and the presence of organic contaminants, the method demonstrated its feasibility for detecting AMH transcripts in a minimally invasive manner. Physiologically, AMH levels positively correlate with antral follicle count, superovulation success, and embryo quality, and are sensitive to heat stress and other environmental factors. These findings provide a foundational basis for developing molecular diagnostic approaches based on AMH gene expression in cattle reproductive management programs and support the future development of efficient, accurate, and context-specific biomolecular-assisted selection technologies for tropical livestock systems.
Analysis of Milk Production and Quality of Friesian Holstein Cows Before and After Maintenance at the Maju Mapan Joint Business Group of Dairy Farmers in Malang Yunan Alghifari; Amin, Muhammad Rijal Masyhur; Al Arif, M. Anam; Khotimah, Khusnul; Agus, Ali; Agussalim, Agussalim; Anam, Moh. Sofi'ul; Kurniawan, Muhammad ‘Ahdi
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v35i2.2024.123-129

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the variations in milk production and milk quality at the Maju Mapan Joint Business Group of Dairy Farmers in Malang before and after the outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in dairy cows. This study used fresh cow milk from dairy farmers who were members of the Maju Mapan Joint Business Group of Dairy Farmers in Malang. Purposive sampling was used to select the respondents. Out of a total of 300 dairy farmers at the Maju Mapan Joint Business Group of Dairy Farmers, 30 dairy farmers were selected as respondents. A sample of 10% the dairy farmers was taken to determine milk production and quality by recording data on milk production. The data were analyzed using the normality test and paired t-test. The results suggested significant differences in milk production and milk quality before and after the FMD outbreak at the Maju Mapan Joint Business Group of Dairy Farmers in Malang.
Co-Authors Agussalim, Agussalim Al Arif, M. Anam Ali Agus Amin, Muhammad Rijal Masyhur Anam, Moh. Sofi'ul Boedi Setiawan Dadik Rahardjo, Dadik Dikman, Dicky Mohammad Endah, Tri Erma Safitri Heni Puspitasari Istiana, Izzatul khusnul khotimah Luqman, Epy Muhammad Mufasirin Mustofa Helmi Effendi Pudji Srianto Purbowati, Tri Endah Rahmandari, Dina Agylia Sari, Fifin Kurnia Seagames Waluyo, Seagames Sri Pantja Madyawati, Sri Pantja Supriyadi Supriyadi Tita Damayanti Lestari Tri Wahyu Suprayogi Yunan Alghifari