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All Journal JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Santhet: (Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan Dan Humaniora) Wicara
LOTULUNG, DONALD R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI
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ANALISIS KESALAHAN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE DAN PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE: STUDI KASUS DI SEMINARI ST. FRANSISKUS XAVERIUS TOMOHON Gaspersz, Andrey Abrian; Warouw, Maya P.; Lotulung, Donald R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 10 (2020)
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ABSTRACT      This research, entitled  “Error Analysis of Simple Present Tense and Present Continuous Tense: A Case Study at Seminary of St. Francis Xavier Tomohon”.  This research is an attempt to identify, classify, and analyze the kind of errors made by the first year students of Seminary St. Francis Xavier Tomohon when using the simple present tense and present continuous tense in writing English. This research used a case study approach. The data were taken from the first year students in seminary by making a test about simple present tense and present continuous tense and giving a topic for the students to make an essay. The writer uses some techniques of analyzing the data, as follows: identification of error, classification, description, and correction. The result of this research shows that there are four types of errors made by the students.  Those errors are omission, misinformation, misordering, and addition. Based on this errors, the writer also finds some forms of errors. The writer finds the error of verb omission (-es, -s), auxiliary omission of the negative sentence, omission of to be, omission of –ing form, misinformation of simple present tense’s  verb, misinformation of to be, misinformation of present continuos tense’s verb, misordering of the subject, misordering of the object, misordering of adverb, misordering of conjunction, addition of simple present tense’s verb, addition of preposition, addition of –ing, addition of to be, and addition of verb’s base form.  Key words: Error Analysis, Simple Present Tense, Present Continuos Tense, Students’ Essays
REFLEKSI KEDISIPLINAN TOKOH JOE SEBAGAI TOKOH UTAMA DALAM FILM LEAN ON ME (1989) Tenda, Elviaristy Putri; Wantasen, Isnawaty L.; Lotulung, Donald R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 9 (2020)
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ABSTRACT             This research is entitled “The Reflection of Discipline of Joe as the Main Character in the Film Lean on Me (1989)”. The objectives of this research are to find out, classify and analyze the discipline of Joe’s character. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The data of discipline concept were collected from books, skripsis and articles, and the data about discipline of Joe’s character were taken by screenshoting the scene in the film. The data that have been collected then analyzed by using Kenneth’s theory about discipline and to analyzed about the discipline  writer by using Snyder’s theory. The result of the research shows, that the discipline of Joe are gives orders a student to put the cigarette off, giving three days reward to the trouble maker student, telling do not smoking at school, ordering to take the foot out of the chair, expurgating the student who broke the school rules and telling to stay away from drugs, Joe scolding the teachers cannot run the school well, he scolding them because they can’t control the students, he asking to the teacher to apply the discipline to the student. While Joe’s discipline that reflected by his gesture, action, and speech are Joe pointed to the student and said to put out the cigarette, Joe take his point finger upward to affirm and said to his student that coming to school is only one reason that is to learn, moving his right hand toward the teacher for to write the trouble maker student to giving reward, and moving his head right side with the upset face to the teacher and scold them.  Keywords: The Reflection of Discipline, Joe’s Character, Lean on Me Film
ISTILAH-ISTILAH MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA TONTEMBOAN (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF) Sekeon, Jennifer Elisa; Pamantung, Rina P.; Lotulung, Donald R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 8 (2020)
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 ABSTRACT This research is entitled “Terms of Food and Beverage in English and Tontemboan Language (A Contrastive Analysis)”. The objectives of this research are to find out, classify, analyze and describe the kinds of food and beverage, the way food and beverage are made and the basic ingredients of food and beverage in English and Tontemboan Language and to find out the similarities and differences in both languages. This research uses a descriptive method. The data of food and beverage in English were collected from skripsi, book, and article, while in Tontemboan Language were collected from informants and also by taking picture of foods and beverages in some wedding party, sorrow ceremony, restaurant, and traditional market. The data that have been collected then analyzed by using Frisch in Hickerson’s and Foley’s theories and then the writer uses Lado’s theory to make a contastive analysis in finding out the similarities and differences of both language. The result shows that the kind of terms of food in English consist of two groups, those are solid foods and beverages. Solid food consist of meat, bread, fruits, vegetables, fish and sea food. Beverages/drinks consist of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drink. Tontemboan language consist of three groups, those are solid foods, liquid foods, and beverages. Solid food consist of meat, bread, fruits, vegetables, fish and rice. Liquid foods consist of rice, vegetables, and fruits. Beverages/drinks consist of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drink. English food and beverage based on the way food and beverage are made: baking, grilling, sauteing, boiling, steaming, blending and squeeze, while in Tontemboan language namely tare/panggang (grilling), tumis (sauteing), goreng (frying), kukus (steaming), bakar (smoking), and rebus (boiling). Food and beverage based on the basic ingredients are meat, fish, wheat, flour, fruits, vegetables, milk, coffee, and herbal plants, while in Tontemboan language are daging (meat), ikan (fish), sayur-sayuran (vegetables), buah-buahan (fruits), umbi-umbian (tubers) tepung (flour), beras (rice), kacang (nut), kopi (coffee), air nira (nira water) and daun (leaf). The kind of terms of food and beverage in English and Tontemboan language have the same categories, namely solid food and beverage. English and Tontemboan language have same way food and beverage are made, those are grilling, sauteing, steaming, and boilling. English and Tontemboan language have same basic ingredients, those are meat, fish, flour, fruits, vegetables, and coffee. The differences in categories Tontemboan has liquid foods, but in English has not. The kind of food in English has bread, but in Tontemboan Language has not. In the way of food and beverage are made, Tontemboan language has frying but in English has not. In the basic ingredient, English has wheat while in Tontemboan language has rice.Keywords: Terms of Food and Beverage, English and Tontemboan Language, Contrastive Analysis
ANALISIS TANDA DALAM FILM THE CRUCIFIXION KARYA CHAD HAYES DAN CAREY HAYES SUATU ANALISIS SEMIOTIK Sumaraw, Eunike Ireine; Rattu, Jultje A.; Lotulung, Donald R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 10 (2020)
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ABSTRACT This research entitled is Analysis of Signs in The Crucifixion Film: A Semiotic Analysis. The objectives of this research are to identify, classify, and analyze the kinds and meaning of signs in The Crucifixion Film. In this research, the writer uses Pierce’s theory in the process to identifying, classifying and analyzing each scenes and meaning of signs in The Crucifixion Film. The method of this research is descriptive. In doing this research, the writer read some books and journals about signs. The data of signs were collected from every scene which contain sign in the film and analyzed according to Pierce’s theory. The result of this research shows that there are three kinds of signs in film, namely icons, index and symbols. Sign of icons found in 5 scenes namely man and woman, book, sister Adelina and Vaduva, book, and Agares. Sign of indexes found in 9 scenes namely cell iron, blood, costume black, light, insect, strangulation, blood, rain and blood. Sign of symbols are found in 5 scenes namely prayer candles, cross, prohibition, mask and cross. All of this signs contain different meanings. Icons of man and woman mean father Phil’s own, and woman: Nicole’s own. Icons of sister Adelina's and Vaduva’s means Sister Adelina and Vaduva itself. Icons of an exorcism book means a brown book and is a square shaped. Icons of Agares's demonic means a bald-headed demon, and a skull-like body. Icons of an exorcism book means a brown book, is square in shape. Index of the prisoner cell means confinement for the murder of Father Dimitru. Index of the blood means a reaction from within the body of Sister Adelina. Index of the black clothing means shows grief. Index of the flashlight means sing of darkness. Index of the insect means the existence of Agares' resentment towards Nicole. Index of the choking means the resentment of Satan Agares over Sister Vaduva's visit. Index of blood means the fall of Father Gabrielle from the roof of the Church. Index of the rain means mocking uses holy water. Index of blood means a violent impact experienced by Nicole and symbol of the prayer candle means light of Christ, symbol of the cross means life and evidence of strength, symbol of the prohibition means line cannot be passed and the entered, symbol of the mask means a costume for the celebration of the strigoi festival and symbol of the cross means life and evidence of strength. Keywords : Signs, The Crucifixion Film,  Semiotic Analysis
PROSES MORFOFONEMIK DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA TONTEMBOAN (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF) PIRI, GUIDO CHRISTIAN; KODONG, FENTJE; LOTULUNG, DONALD RINGGO
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 5 (2019)
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ABSTRACT            This research entitled ?Morphophonemic Process in English and Tontemboan Language: A Contrastive Analysis?. This research aims at identifying, analyzing and describing the morphophonemic processes in English and Tontemboan language and finding out the similarities and the differences of the morphophonemic processes by using of Crystal?s (2008) and Nida?s (1949) theories. The method used in this research is descriptive research method. Data were collected from several references some books, journals, and through the interview of some informants. The results of this research show that morphophonemic process in English and Tontemboan language has some similarities and differences. The similarities are both languages have kinds of morphophonemic processes, they are assimilation, loss of consonant phonemes, loss of vowel phonemes, palatalization, and nasalization. The differences are on the dissimilation and reduction of cluster. Other similarities and differences are found in assimilation. English has eight kinds of assimilations, those are progressive, regressive, contiguous phonemes, noncontiguous phonemes, point of articulation, manner of articulation, partial assimilation and complete assimilation whereas Tontemboan language has only seven kinds of assimilations, those are progressive, regressive, contiguous phonemes, point of articulation, manner of articulation, partial assimilation, complete assimilation and doesn?t have noncontiguous phonemes. This research is expected to give beneficial contribution both in theory and practice. Theoretically, it can give contribution to the development of linguistics (morphology), especially about morphophonemic process, and practically, the writer gets the knowledge that the encounter between morphemes. Keyword:  Morphophonemic Process, English and Tontemboan Language, Contrastive Analysis
KALA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA SANGIR (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF) Harikase, Junedi Frengky; Kodong, Fentje; Lotulung, Donald R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 11 (2020)
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ABSTRACT  This research entitled ?Tense in English and in Sangihe language: A Contrastive Analysis?. The aims of this study are to identify and describe the tense system in English and Sangihe Language, and to analyze the differences of tense in English and in Sangihe language. The writer uses theory from Comrie (1985) which divides tense into three categories namely the absolute tense, relative tense and absolute-relative tense. Moreover, this research uses descriptive and contrastive analysis method. The data in English were collected from English grammar books and the data of Sangir language were obtained from informants in Sangihe Islands. The results that found in this study show 12 kinds of tenses in both English and Sangir language and have the similarities and differences. Kinds of tenses in English are simple present, present continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, simple past, past continuous, past perfect, past perfect continuous, simple future, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous. Kinds of tenses in Sangir language are kala kini sederehana (simple present), kala sedang kini (present continuous), kala perfektif kini (present perfect), kala sedang perfektif kini (present perfect continuous), kala lampau sederhana (simple past), kala sedang lampau (past continuous), kala perfektif lampau (past perfect), kala sedang perfektif lampau (past perfect continuous), kala futur sederhana (simple future), kala sedang future (future continuous), kala perfektif futur (future perfect), dan kala sedang perfektif futur (future perfect continuous).The similarities that emerge in both languages are the kinds of tenses in English exist in Sangir language; both English and Sangir language have the same 12 tenses; English and Sangir language have the same meaning or same fungtion to explain the time of utterance. The differences that emerge in the tense systems of English and Sangir language lie in verb form of both languages. English language uses to be and auxiliary verbs which tend to confuse the speakers of Sangir language as well as the use of regular and irregular verbs in English that affect the tenses, because in Sangir language just use affixation in the verb to affect the tenses.    Keywords: Tense, English, Sangihe Language, Contrastive Analysis
TAKSONOMI MAKANAN DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA BATAK KARO: SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF BR PERANGIN-ANGIN, ASTRI THERESIA; PAMANTUNG, RINA P.; LOTULUNG, DONALD RINGGO
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 3 (2019)
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ABSTRACT This research entitled is ?Taxonomy of Food in English and Batak Karo Language: A Contrastive Analysis?. The objectives of this research are to identify, classify, analyze, and contrast the kinds and categories of food in English and Batak Karo language. In this research, the writer uses descriptive method. The writer read some books about taxonomy of food to find the theory. The data of food in English were collected from thesis, book, and article, while in Batak Karo language were taken from direct interview to some informants and also by taking pictures of the foods in some traditional markets and in Batak Karo traditional event called Kerja Tahun. The data about foods in English and Batak Karo language that have been collected then identified, classified, and analyzed by using the theory of Frisch in Hickerson. Then, the data of both languages were contrasted by using Lado?s theory. The results of this research showed that in English and Batak Karo language, there are no differences in the food categories because both have the same category, namely solid food and drinks. The differences found are English has four kinds of solid food, such as meat and fish or seafood, vegetables, breads, and fruits, but Batak Karo language has five kinds of solid food, such as meat and fish or seafood, vegetables,breads, fruits, and rice. Alcoholic drinks in English are found in two kinds, namely low and high alcoholic content, while in the Batak Karo language there is only one kind of alcoholic drinks found, namely tuak. Non-alcoholic drinks in English are found in five kinds, namely mineral water, refreshing drinks, tall drinks, stimulant, and nourishing, while in Batak Karo language there are nine of non-alcoholic drinks found, namely teh putih, teh susu, teh tawar, teh susu telor, teh manis, sirup markisah, jus martabe, kopi, and mumbang. Keywords: Taxonomy, Foods, English, Batak Karo Language, Contrastive Analysis
TINDAK UJAR KONVIVIAL DALAM FILM HUNGER GAMES “MOCKINGJAY” KARYA FRANCIS LAWRENCE ( SUATU ANALISIS PRAGMATIK ) NGANTUNG, ANATASYA; JANSEN, FRIEDA TH.; LOTULUNG, DONALD R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 5 (2019)
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ABSTRACTConvivial act as a part of Illocutionary is not only found in our daily life, but also in literary studies such as novel, drama, short stories, novella and film. This study is an attempt to identify, classify  and analyze the aspect of convivial act in the film Hunger Games : Mockingjay directed by Francis Lawrence. The method used in the research is descriptive method. The data are identified and analyzed descriptively. In collecting data, the writer reads some pragmatic books pertaining to convivial act. After that, the writer watches the film and looks the whole story of the film to obtain good understanding of the context of the story inthe film.Then the writer identified and classified the data into relevant aspects of convivial act. The collected data were analyzed descriptively in terms of how the aspect of convivial are found in the film Hunger Games : Mockingjay based on Leech’s and Austin theory. The research show that the convivial act can be categorized into five categories, those are offering, inviting, greeting, congratulating, and thanking, and how the aspect of convivial act used by the characters. It is expected that this study will help students and readers In learning pragmatics especially on convivial aspects found in the film.__________________­___________________Keywords : Convivial Act, Film : Hunger Games : Mockingjay, Pragmatic Analysis 
PROSES MORFOFONEMIK DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA SIAU (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF) Ladi, Maryanti; Kodong, Fentje; Lotulung, Donald R.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 14 (2020)
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                                            ABSTRACT The title of this research is“Morphophonemic Process of Verbs in English and Siau Language: A Contrastive Analysis”. The objectives of this research are to identify, analyze and describe the kinds of morphophonemic processes and finding out the similarities and the differences of morphophonemic processes in English and Siau language by using of Jensen‟s (1990) and Lado‟s (1957) theories. The English data were collected from several English textbooks, such as Morphology: Word Structure in Generative Grammar (1990) by Jensen, Morphology : The Descriptive Analysis of Word by Nida (1949) and the data of Siau language were collected from books such as Morfologi Bahasa Sangir by George Bawole (1981), Habare Mapia Ko Pia Gambare by Pat Alexander (2008) and six native speakers at the age 40-71 years old in Siau. The results of this research shows that morphophonemic process are divided into ten kinds such as assimilation, dissimilation, insertion, deletion, haplology, metathesis, vocal harmony, vocal reduction, tone rules and morpheme sequence rules. Morphophonemic of verbs in English are divided into eight kinds such as assimilation, disimilations, insertion, deletion, haplology, metatesis, vocal reduction and morpheme sequence rules whereas the types of morphophonemic processes of verbs in Siau language divided into seven kinds such as assimilation, disimilations, insertion, deletion, haplology and vocal reduction and vocal harmony. The pronunciation of the morphophonemic process in both languages consists of prefixes and suffixes. The similarities that found in both languages are assimilation, disimilations, insertion, deletion and haplology, while tone rules are not found in both languages. The difference that exists in that both language are in English metathesis and morpheme sequence rules is found in English while in Siau language is not found. The reduction in English vocals occurs only as a result of the basic morpheme meeting with the affixation, whereas in Siau language occurs because of a basic morpheme meeting with prefixes and confixes.Keywords: Morphophonemic Process, English and Sangir Language, Contrastive Analysis.
PENAMAAN DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS DAN BAHASA SANGIHE (SUATU ANALISIS KONTRASTIF) Tahumil, Muktar; Lotulung, Donald R.; Rattu, Jultje A.
JURNAL ELEKTRONIK FAKULTAS SASTRA UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI Vol 16 (2021)
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                                             ABSTRACT            Muktar Tahumil1 , Donald R. Lotulung2 , Jultje A. Rattu3This research entitled “Penamaan dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Sangihe: Suatu Analisis Kontrastif”. The aim of this research is to make a contrastive analysis of Toponym in English and Sangihe Language. In analysing the data from two languages, the writer used the theory from Tent & Slatyer (2009:22) and Fraenkel & Wallen (1993. P.23) to contrast both languages. Some previous study which also been used to support this research, Suripatty (2015) and Prayogo, et al (2016). The descriptive qualitative method is used to describe the data analysis. The finding shows that the similarity between two languages is laid only in the category of toponym and there are three differences: descriptive toponym is more common in Sangihe language while in English more likely to used eponymous toponym, toponym in English more likely to used literal meaning while Sangihe language convey figurative meaning and the evaluative, indigenous, also shift toponym category are not found in Sangihe language.Keywords : Toponym, English and Sangihe language, Contrastive Analysis. 
Co-Authors Amping, Syeren Theresya Bihuku, Rosalina BR PERANGIN-ANGIN, ASTRI THERESIA DAROMES, SRI WAHYUNI SEPRIANI DONGALEMBA, STEPHANIE GABRILA F Ari Anggraini Sebayang Filemon, Aprillio Cedrik Gaspersz, Andrey Abrian Giban, Marthinus Harikase, Junedi Frengky Jansen, Frieda Th. Kadir, Febyanto Aprilyani Karundeng, Patricia Katiandagho, Ekaristi Glory KODONG, FENTJE Koraag, Yoanita Angela Ladi, Maryanti Lasut, Theresia M. C. Lasut, Theresia M.C Lumampak, Billy Marsel Michael LUMIU, HUTRI ANGREINE MALENSANG, TRIA DIVINITY Mandolang, Nova Olvie Manus, Jeane A. Maxi Kojong NGANTUNG, ANATASYA Padu, Jeiner PAKASI, JENNY H. PAKASI, JENNY HILDA PAMANTUNG, RINA P. Patangari, Rahmadilla Rilly PELEALU, HETTY PIRI, GUIDO CHRISTIAN Pratiwy, Olivia Natalia PRICILYA, FEMI Rambing, Rosalina RANUNTU, GARRYN CHRISTIAN RATTU, JULTJE A.J. SAROINSONG, VITTY JUNIO Sekeon, Jennifer Elisa Sengkey, Stenla SIGARLAKI, STEPHANI J. Sinubu, Rangga Johan Zefanya Sudarwanto, Pricillia Ayu Pratiwi Sumaraw, Eunike Ireine Sumo, Ruth Noviana Suoth, Mita Tahumil, Muktar Talumingan, Mouren Theresia Tambajong, Kevin Christofel Taroreh, Naftharia Meilani Sarah Tatiana Stary Claudia Tenda, Elviaristy Putri Tenda, Patriceila Syanetha Tendean, Oktaviani Nolla Tene, Rico Luther Umboh, Eklesia Saulin UTAMI, TYAS HILDA Waani, Gravila Theola Trixy Wahani, Ervina Vinni Melinda WANTASEN, ISNAWATI Wantasen, Isnawaty L. WAROUW, MAYA PINKAN Watung, Ferensia Greity Hanna Wondal, Marcella Tirsa