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Simpanan Karbon pada Padang Lamun di Perairan Tanjung Benoa, Bali I Komang Agus Parnata; I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda Putra; Gede Surya Indrawan
Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jmas.2020.v06.i01.p02

Abstract

Human activity is the biggest contributor to carbon dioxide (CO2) gas into the air. Coastal ecosystems that have the ability to absorb and store carbon over a relatively long period of time are seagrass beds. Seagrass is able to absorb carbon with an average of 0.21 tons / ha. Research on Carbon Deposits in Seagrass in Tanjung Benoa Waters, Bali was conducted in February 2019. Determination of the sampling point was done by purposive sampling method. This research uses the dry ashing method which is carried out by crushing the sample components at 500?C in an electric furnace. Seagrass species obtained in Tanjung Benoa waters are Cymodocea Serrulata, Cymodocea Rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis and Halodule uninevis. The results showed the seagrass density of Tanjung Benoa waters, Bali was included in the sparse to dense category with density values ??ranging from 195-1252 stands / m2. The content of seagrass carbon at the bottom of the substrate (roots and rhizoma) is 86.421 grams of dry weight (gbk / m2), while the top of the substrate (leaves) is 33.774 grams of dry weight (gbk / m2). The carbon content at the bottom of the substrate is higher than the top of the substrate because at the bottom of the substrate is not too affected by environmental physical factors. where the highest carbon content is Thalassia hemprichii seagrass with a value of 625.36 gC / m², while the lowest carbon content is Halophila ovalis with a value of 89.91 gC / m².
Checklist, Indeks Ekologi, dan Status Konservasi Komunitas Fauna Akuatik di Kawasan Sungai Unda dan Sekitar Pantai Jumpai, Kabupaten Klungkung, Provinsi Bali Gede Surya Indrawan; Putu Angga Wiradana; I Made Saka Wijaya; Abd. Rahman As-syakur; M. Rheza Rizki Syahputra; I Made Sara Wijana
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment Vol 21 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Environmental Research Center (PPLH) of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/blje.2021.v21.i01.p02

Abstract

Aquatic organisms or nekton have an important role in supporting the stability of the aquatic environment and human life. This study aims to determine the nekton type community, ecological index, and their conservation status in the Unda River area and around Jumpai Beach, Klungkung Regency, Bali. The study was conducted in July - August 2020. The study was conducted in 2 communities, namely Macrozoobenthos and Nekton. Macrozoobenthos samples were collected using the quadratic method in the Jumpai Beach area and the direct observation method along the Unda River. Nekton communities are collected through primary data using "survey methods" and secondary data through interviews with fishermen and local communities. The ecological index data were analyzed using the Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H'), dominance index (C), and uniformity index (E), while the data on Nekton type and conservation status were analyzed descriptively. The nekton species community in the waters of the Unda River and Jumpai Beach areas was obtained as many as 26 species in 21 families which were dominated by Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax) and sepat rawa (Trichogaster trichopterus), while Nautica sp for the Macrozoobenthos community. The ecological index of the aquatic community is the Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H') value of 2.98 (moderate), the wealth index (R) of 3.95 (moderate), and the evenness index (E) of 1.21. (High). The highest percentage ratio of nekton communities was obtained by the Macrozoobenthos community, namely 53%, while the nekton species was 46%. Conservation status shows that 13 species are included in the LC (Least Concern) category, 12 species are included in the NE (Not Evaluated) category, and 1 species are included in the VU (Vulnerable) category.
Methane Concentration on Three Mangrove Zones in Ngurah Rai Forest Park, Bali I Putu Sugiana; Elok Faiqoh; Gede Surya Indrawan; I Wayan Eka Dharmawan
Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan Vol 19, No 2 (2021): Agustus 2021
Publisher : School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro Univer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jil.19.2.422-431

Abstract

Mangrove menjadi salah satu ekosistem lahan basah yang berperan penting dalam menyerap karbon. Namun, secara alami ekosistem mangrove juga mampu mengemisikan gas rumah kaca kedalam atmosfer. Metana merupakan salah satu gas rumah kaca yang berdampak signifikan terhadap perubahan iklim. Penelitian tentang siklus metana telah dilakukan di ekosistem mangrove TAHURA Ngurah Rai Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur konsentrasi gas metana pada tiga zona ekosistem mangrove. Metode chamber tertutup digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel gas yang kemudian dianalisis dalam gas kromatografi dengan sensor flame ionization detector (FID). Karakter ekologi mangrove yang terdiri dari parameter struktur komunitas mangrove dan lingkungan diukur dari setiap plot kuadrat pengambilan sampel gas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi gas metana tertinggi ditemukan pada zona darat dengan rata-rata 3,698 ± 0,986 mg. L-1. Walaupun demikian, konsentrasi gas metana pada dua zona lainnya tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dengan zona darat. Variabilitas konsentrasi gas metana tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kondisi struktur komunitas mangrove yang berbeda antar zona. Penelitian ini hanya menemukan variasi nilai potensial redoks (ORP) yang berhubungan signifikan dengan konsentrasi gas metana. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa karakter ekologi mangrove yang cukup seragam di kawasan sehingga, tidak menimbulkan perbedaan yang signifikan pada konsentrasi gas metana antar zona. Namun, parameter kondisi substrat lainnya perlu dilibatkan dalam penelitian berikutnya.AbstractMangrove is one of the wetland ecosystems that play an important role in carbon sequestration and storage. However, the ecosystem also emits greenhouse gas into the atmosphere naturally. Methane has been considered as a significant effect on global warming. A preliminary study in a part of the carbon cycle was conducted on the mangrove ecosystem in Ngurah Rai Forest Park Bali. This study was aimed to determine methane gas concentration in three different mangrove zones. Gas samples were collected by closed chamber method and they were analyzed using gas chromatography embedded with the flame ionization detector (FID) sensor. Mangrove ecological parameters i.e. community structure and environmental condition were determined on each quadratic plot where gas samples were collected. The result showed that the highest methane concentration was found in the landward zone at 3,698 ± 0,986 mg. L-1. Even though, the methane concentration of the other zones had not significantly different from the landward zone. In addition, the mangrove community structure among the three zones was not different significantly. The oxidation-reduction potential was the only factor that had a significant correlation with methane concentration. Those results indicated that mangrove ecological conditions among zones were similar to each other,  hence the variation of methane concentration was not significant. Nevertheless, substrate abiotic characters need to be involved in greenhouse gas studies in the future.
Hubungan Strong Madden-Jullian Oscillation (MJO) Terhadap Kecepatan Angin dan Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) di Perairan Indonesia Pande Ketut Cahya Krisnanta Arioka; I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang; Gede Surya Indrawan
Journal of Marine Research and Technology Vol 5 No 1 (2022): FEBRUARI 2022
Publisher : Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMRT.2022.v05.i01.p07

Abstract

Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a large-scale ocean-atmosphere phenomenon that occurs due to strong atmospheric circulation patterns and convection from Indonesian Seas then moves eastward (Pacific Ocean) with an average speed of 5 m/s. MJO is categorized into strong MJO and weak MJO whose occurrences can be identified by Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR). Strong MJO also has a relationship with wind and Sea Surface Temperature (SST), so that MJO events affect wind and SST. Studies on strong MJO have been conducted but in a short period, narrow research area, and only one related variable, namely the relation between MJO and precipitation The purpose of this study is understanding the relation between MJO with wind speed and SST in Indonesian Seas for the period 2003 - 2020. The data used are carried out using remote sensing technology. The research data was conducted using filtered, then analyzed by the Hovmöller diagram, and finally analyzed by correlation analysisThe research area, namely the Indonesian Seas, consists of regions A (Western Sea of Sumatera), region B (North Java Sea), region C (Southern Sea of Java), region D (Sulawesi Sea), region E (Banda Sea), region F (Aru Sea), and region G (North Papua Sea). The results of the study show that there is a relationship between OLR, wind speed, and SST where the relation between OLR and wind speed gets mostly fluctuating values, where there are negative values as well as positive values, and the relation between OLR and SST is inversely proportional.
Analisis Pola Sebaran Area Upwelling di Selatan Indonesia Menggunakan Citra Modis Level 2 I Gede Mita Anjas Swara; I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang; Gede Surya Indrawan
Journal of Marine Research and Technology Vol 4 No 1 (2021): FEBRUARI 2021
Publisher : Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMRT.2021.v04.i01.p09

Abstract

This research aimed to find out the pattern of spasio-temporal upwelling and its relation with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the southern waters of Java to the East Nusa Tenggara. Two indicators namely sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorofil-a data obtained from oceancolor database were used as an indicator of upwelling occurences. The overlay technique and correlation analyses were used to describe the relationship between upwelling and ENSO. The results showed the phenomenon of upwelling occurred along southern Java and East Nusa Tenggara. The appearance of upwelling occurred in the South Easth Monsoon until transition season which began in June and ended in November. The pattern of upwelling area for 17 years varies each season, where for the South Easth Monsoon in June it gained 6986 km2, in July 78294 km2, and in August 254212 km2. As for transition season II in September 166767 km2, in October 72033 km2, and November 1949 km2. The results also showed that upwelling intensity was influenced by ENSO indicated by correlation values that matched the correlation value between SST - ENSO was -0.78 and chlorophyll-a-ENSO was 0.98.
Struktur Vegetasi Mangrove berdasarkan Karakteristik Substrat di Pantai Karang Sewu, Gilimanuk Bali Pande Komang Egar Prihandana; I Dewa Nyoman Nurweda Putra; Gede Surya Indrawan
Journal of Marine Research and Technology Vol 4 No 1 (2021): FEBRUARI 2021
Publisher : Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMRT.2021.v04.i01.p05

Abstract

Karang Sewu Beach is one of the areas in the West Bali National Park (TNBB) which has a natural mangrove ecosystem. One of parameters affecting mangrove growth is substrate. This research aims to determine the vegetation structure, substrate characteristics, and different vegetation groups of mangroves based on its substrate characteristics in Karang Sewu Beach. This study collected the data on vegetation structure using a plotted line method with 2x2, 5x5, 10x10 and 20x20 meters transects. Substrate texture was analyzed using a pipette method while total organic material was analyzed using the Loss on Ignition (LOI) method. Mangrove vegetation was categorized based on substrate characteristics using the descriptive quantitative method. Results showed there were nine species of mangrove found in Karang Sewu Beach, namely Ceriops tagal, Sonneratia alba, S. caseolaris, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, R. stylosa, R. lamarckii, Lumnitzera racemosa, and Avicennia marina. INP in the first station was dominated by R. apiculata for tree levels (152,88 %), pole (174,24 %), sapling (139,04 %), and seedling (111,48 %). R. lamarckii dominated the second station with a tree level value of 226,94 % while C. tagal dominated for pole level (220,82 %), sapling (243,65 %), and seedling (182,94 %). INP in the third stasion was dominated by C. tagal for pole level (103,68 %), sapling (98,77 %) and seedling (95,51 %). Mangrove substrate in Karang Sewu Beach was characterized as having a sand like texture, dusty loam, sandy loam, loamy sand, and sandy clay with moderate organic matter (2.44 %) to low (0.79 %). Mangrove vegetation grouping based on substrate characteristics in Karang Sewu Beach was different in general. A. marina is found in the middle zone, where this species is usually found in the front zone.
Struktur dan Komposisi Vegetasi pada Suksesi di Muara Sungai Unda, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali I Made Saka Wijaya; Gede Surya Indrawan; Putu Angga Wiradana; I Made Sara Wijana; Abd. Rahman As-syakur; Adi Ariyanto Wibisono; Viryanando Evan Rahardja
JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS Volume 21 Nomor 1, April 2021
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1094.862 KB) | DOI: 10.35799/jis.21.1.2021.31744

Abstract

 Letusan Gunung Agung pada tahun 1963 memberikan dampak ekologis di sekitar muara Sungai Unda, Kabupaten Klungkung, Bali. Lahar yang mengalir melalui sungai tersebut menyebabkan terjadinya suksesi primer akibat tutupan pasir dan batu. Selama 57 tahun, muara Sungai Unda tidak hanya mengalami suksesi alam, tetapi juga mengalami suksesi antropogenik melalui pemanfaatan sebagai tambang pasir, lahan pastura, dan permukiman sementara.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari struktur dan komposisi vegetasi pada suksesi di muara Sungai Unda. Penentuan struktur vegetasi dilakukan pada 8 stasiun penelitian dengan menggunakan metode plot dengan jumlah 24 plot pohon (20 x 20 m) dan 48 plot vegetasi lantai (1 x 1 m). Data dianalisis menggunakan parameter ekologis seperti densitas, densitas relatif, frekuensi, frekuensi relatif, dominansi, dominansi relatif, dan nilai penting, serta dilengkapi dengan indeks keragaman Shannon-Weiner (H’), indeks dominansi (C), dan indeks keseragaman (E). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semak dan rumput merupakan bentuk hidup yang paling menentukan struktur vegetasi di Muara Sungai Unda. Beberapa spesies penyusun vegetasi tersebut merupakan tumbuhan invasif seperti yang harus dikontrol populasinya adalah Typha angustifolia, Ipomoea carnea, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, dan Vachellia farnesiana. Berdasarkan indeks yang digunakan, keanekaragaman vegetasi termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, tanpa ada jenis yang mendominasi, dengan persebaran yang merata.Kata kunci: Gunung Agung; spesies invasive; suksesi antropogenik; vegetasi suksesiStructure and Composition of Successional Vegetation in Unda River, Klungkung Regency, BaliABSTRACTMount Agung eruption in 1963 caused major ecological impact around Unda River, Klungkung Regency, Bali. The volcanic mudflow that surpass the Unda River watershed initiate the primary succession in those areas. This research aimed to study the structure and composition of successional vegetation in Unda River. Twenty-four tree plots (20 x 20 m) and 48 understorey plots (1 x 1 m) derived from 8 research stations were used to determine the structure of vegetation. The data analyzed by ecological parameters, such as density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, dominancy, relative dominancy, and importance value, then completed with Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’), dominancy index (C), and evenness index (E). The results shown that the vegetation structure in Unda River determined by two major growth form: shrubs and grasses. Some notable invasive species that should be controlled are Typha angustifolia, Ipomoea carnea, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, and Vachellia farnesiana. Based on the three indexes, the vegetation diversity was categorized as high diversity, without any species domination, and the distribution of the species are uniformKeywords: Anthropogenic succession; invasive species; Mount Agung; successional vegetation
Epifauna Pada Ekosistem Lamun Di Kawasan Pantai Sumberkima dan Pantai Karang Sewu, Bali Anisa Setyawati; Elok Faiqoh; Gede Surya Indrawan
Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences Vol 7 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jmas.2021.v07.i02.p17

Abstract

The seagrass field in the Sumberkima and Karang Sewu Beach are two of the habitats that support epifauna life. Epifaunas benefit the seagrass field by using it as a habitat, food supply source, and shelter from predators. This research aim to understand the epifauna density in the seagrass ecosystem, its correlation with seagrass density, and their condition in the Sumberkima and Karang Sewu Beach. This research was conducted in January – March 2020, which used the purposive randomize sampling method. Results show that Karang Sewu Beach only has the seagrass Enhalus acoroides, while three species, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii dan Cymodocea rotundata where found in Sumberkima Beach. Epifauna density in Sumberkima range between 933.33 ind/m3 – 2400.00 ind/m3. Meanwhile, epifauna density in Karang Sewu range between 1311.11 ind/m3 – 2544.44 ind/m3. The epifauna that is mostly encountered is Smaragdia rangiana. Correlation analysis result using the Pearson Product Moment shows a positive correlation between epifauna and seagrass density, r = 0.55, which means that there is enough relation between both variables. The epifauna community has a variety value of 1.60 – 2.19 in Sumberkima, and 1.26 – 2.14 in Karang Sewu, which both count as moderate. The uniformity values 0.74 – 0.96 in Sumberkima and 0.65 – 0.85 in Karang Sewu, which both count as high. Dominance value range from 0.14 – 0.28 in Sumberkima and 0.17 – 0.42 in Karang Sewu, which count as low. Overall, the epifauna community is classified as moderate, where if there is a change in the environment, the community will quickly change too.
INDEKS STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS DAN SAPROBITAS PLANKTON SERTA CHECKLIST KEBERADAAN NEKTON DI PERAIRAN DANAU BERATAN, BALI Gede Surya Indrawan; I Made Sara Wijana; I Made Saka Wijaya; Abd. Rahman As-syakur; I Putu Sugiana; I Made Yunarta
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 16 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2022.v16.i02.p10

Abstract

Beratan Lake was mainly popular for tourism and aquaculture activities that affecting water's environmental characteristics. The water healthiness indicator can be seen through the organism's existence, namely plankton to nekton biota that can be uses as an essential parameter in monitoring water conditions. This study aims to determine the plankton community structure index, saprobity index and the presence of nektons in the Beratan Lake. Plankton were sampled using the pouring method while the nekton sample was taken randomly through direct sampling with fishing nets and conducted interviews with the surrounding local community and fishermen. The results of the study found that the abundance of phytoplankton was dominated by Staurastrum with abundance level 1,836.92 ind/L. Meanwhile, the zooplankton was dominated by Rotifera with abundance level 8.17 ind/L. The diversity index, uniformity and dominance of phytoplankton are 1.31, 0.60 and 0.33 respectively, while the saprobity index is 1.08 which classifies the waters of Beratan Lake as being in a lightly polluted condition. There were 18 species of nektons in Beratan Lake were found, with one endemic species Rasbora balinensis and 13 foreign fish. There also an invasive species, namely zebrafish (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) was found in this Lake. From the results of the study, we hope that the government in cooperation with the surrounding community, can control the ecological conditions of the waters of Beratan Lake, especially the presence of invasive species which are increasing in number, as well as protect endemic species. Keywords: Abundance; beratan lake; community structure; plankton; saprobity
Strategi Prioritas Pengembangan Wisata Rumput Laut Berbasis Desa Adat di Pantai Geger, Kelurahan Benoa, Badung, Bali I Putu Aditya Budi Wacika; I Gusti Ngurah Putra Dirgayusa; Gede Surya Indrawan
Journal of Marine and Aquatic Sciences Vol 8 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Kelautan dan Perikanan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/jmas.2022.v08.i01.p18

Abstract

Community-based tourism management can be used as a reference in tourism development because it provides great opportunities for local communities in all of processes, especially planning, management, monitoring and evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determined the internal and external potential of Geger Beach and to develop strategies for developing seaweed tourism based on traditional villages. Data collection methods consisted of observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature study. The analysis used in this study were descriptive qualitative analysis and SWOT analysis. Based on the study results, the main strengths of the development of seaweed tourism in Geger Beach is the existence of cooperatives that’s integrated by traditional villages and the main weakness is the supporting facilities still need to be improved. The highest opportunity is the involvement of local communities and the biggest threat is pollution of the aquatic environment due to hotel waste. The priority strategies for developing seaweed tourism in Geger Beach are to raise the role of the pecalang segara immediately in controlling the security and guarding system of Geger Beach, collaboration between the government and traditional villages in implementing policies and regulations that have been made, increasing the role of traditional villages which include local community participation, creates seaweed tourism with its own characteristics from the Peminge Traditional Village, and also creates a master plan to support the successful development of seaweed tourism.