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INDONESIA
Kultivasi
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 14124718     EISSN : 2581138X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Kultivasi diterbitkan oleh Departemen Budidaya Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Jurnal ini terbit tiga kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Maret, Agustus, dan Desember. Kultivasi mempublikasikan hasil penelitian dan pemaparan ilmiah dari para dosen dan peneliti di bidang budidaya tanaman. Bidang kajian yang dipublikasikan jurnal ini diantaranya adalah agronomi, pemuliaan tanaman, ilmu gulma, teknologi benih, teknologi pasca panen, ilmu tanah, dan proteksi tanaman.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 495 Documents
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A review of low-frequency latex harvesting systems that lessen the tapper shortage problem of the smallholders' natural rubber production Zaw, Zar Ni
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.48317

Abstract

Smallholders' rubber production is encountering problems of skilled tapper shortage and high production costs resulting from increased worker wages and the substantial growth of new mature areas. Low-frequency latex harvesting system (LFLHS) effectively improves tapper productivity with long-term optimum yield by reducing the tapper requirement. LFLHS reduces tapper requirement by 33% to 67% of the conventional harvesting systems. Under the d3 (tapping every three days) frequency harvesting system, a tapper is assigned to cover three tasks, and his productivity is at least 30% higher than that of the d2 (alternative daily) frequency harvesting system. The cumulative yield of LFLHS is comparable to that of d2 frequency. It is economically profitable when the cumulative yield of LFLHS reaches 90% of the d2 frequency tapping as a break-even yield. Its low number of tapper requirement and high productivity saves tapping cost. 20% to 55% of tapping cost can be reduced by shifting the harvesting frequency from d2 to d3. The virgin bark of basal panels could be tapped at least four to ten years more than conventional tapping systems. The low bark consumption allows sufficient time for the regeneration of bark tissues resulting in a potentially higher yield from the renewed bark. Thus, sustainable economic yield is achievable for a productive lifespan of 30 to 35 years from the LFLHS. These advantages of LFLHS contribute to reducing the tapper requirement and cost of production, ensuring increased profits and a longer economic lifespan of rubber production.Keywords: Latex harvesting system, Tapper requirement, Tapper productivity, Tapping cost
A Review of Sapodilla Beneficial Use, Production Status, and Propagation Technique Budiarto, Rahmat; Dwinanda, Syahvan Rifqi; Pakpahan, Hansel Arie; Komala, Mega; Yusti, Yusti
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.44437

Abstract

Manilkara zapota, commonly known as sapodilla, is one of tropical fruits, originating from Central and South America that is still less popular in Indonesia, as compared to banana, citrus, mango, etc. To gain its popularity, it is crucial to review beneficial uses, existing production status and propagation techniques of sapodilla. In general, sapodilla is used for either table fresh fruit. Additionally, it contains various bioactivities in its fruit, stem, and leaves, such as antioxidant, antimicrobe, and antitumor activity; thus, become very potential for pharmaceutical purposes. The existing production data of sapodilla determine the West Java Province as the biggest production area in Indonesia, with total contribution of about 21% or 38.250 tons. In more detail, the top production area at the village level with a local sapodilla cultivar, namely Sukatali sapodilla, is found in Sukatali Village in Situraja Subdistrict, Sumedang District, West Java Province. Sapodilla can be propagated by using both reproductive and vegetative methods. Vegetative propagation of grafting is commonly used to produce shorter juvenile and uniform seedlings. However, it is highly dependent upon the grafting type, grafting season, and scion diameter. The modified cleft grafting is the best grafting type rather than cleft and veneer grafting. Several rootstocks that are commonly used for sapodilla seedling are Chrysophyllum lanceolatum and Manilkara hexandra. June-July is the best period to having grafting. The scion with a diameter of 5.02 mm is recommended due to adequate food reserves for recovery growth.
The effects of application of biochar from oil palm empty fruit bunches on chemical properties of ultisols and the growth of cacao seedlings Sari, Wulan Kumala; Malik, Panji Abdul
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.46525

Abstract

It is necessary to redevelop cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) commodity due to the decrease of cacao planting areas in Indonesia since the last decade. One of the ways is by providing a growing medium to produce cacao seedlings with good quality, such as by adding ameliorant i.e., oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) biochar to marginal soil of Ultisols. This research aimed to study and obtain the best OPEFB biochar dose to improve the chemical properties of Ultisols and the growth of cacao seedlings. This research was conducted in the Experimental Field of the 3rd Campus Andalas University from August 2021 until February 2022 using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments of OPEFB biochar (0, 60, 90, 120, 150 tons/ha) and 4 replications, each experimental unit consisted of two plants, so that 40 plants were prepared in total. Data obtained were analyzed using F Distribution Test at 5% and further analyzed using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) for statistically significant results. The results showed that the application of OPEFB biochar at 120 tons/ha was the best dose to give significant results on the chemical properties of Ultisols (pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium) and several growth variables of cacao seedlings (stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, shoot dry weight, and shoot-root ratio).Keywords: ameliorant, biochar, nursery, oil palm empty fruit bunch, Ultisols
Induction of Ploidy Level on Three Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Cultivars by Colchicine In Vitro Amien, Suseno; Darmawan, Nikkita Putri; Fathya, Daniya
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.48436

Abstract

Patchouli plants produce essential oils and are used as a raw material and fixative agent for perfumes. The most widely cultivated patchouli plant in Indonesia is Aceh patchouli. Sexual propagation in Aceh patchouli plants is impossible as it does not flower. Genetic diversity can be elevated through another method, such as polyploidy induction using colchicine. This research aimed to evaluate the state-of-the-art application of polyploidization techniques as a breeding tool for callus-based explants. A completely randomized design with a factorial pattern was used in this experiment consisting of two factors, patchouli cultivars (Sidikalang, Tapak Tuan, and Lhokseumawe) and colchicine concentration (0.0%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1%).  The result showed an interaction between three patchouli cultivars with colchicine concentration on callus size and color characters. In Sidikalang cultivar, 0.2% colchicine concentration affects the character of callus emergence time and has more buds. In cultivar Tapak Tuan, the application of colchicine 0.2% affects the callus size character and has the highest number of buds. In the Lhokseumawe cultivar, giving 0.5% colchicine affects the character of callus appearance time, callus size, and callus color. Concentrations of 0.2% and 1.0% colchicine in Sidikalang and Tapak Tuan calluses increased the number of chromosomes, ranging from 2n (32), 3n (48), and 4n (64). The implication of the research could be disclosure of an opportunity to create a new superior variety.
Identification of extreme weather and their correlation on soybean production in Garut regency Ruminta, Ruminta; Wicaksono, Fiky Yulianto; Nurinnida, Annisa; Wahyudin, Agus
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.43735

Abstract

The phenomenon of extreme weather events as a result of the impact of climate change can cause threats to agricultural systems, including soybean (Glycine max L.). Soybean is the main source of vegetable protein, which is sensitive and vulnerable to climate change. Therefore, research has been carried out through the identification analysis of changes in extreme weather events and analyzed for their correlation with soybean crops in Garut Regency to determine the effect of extreme weather elements on soybean production. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative, using trend analysis on extreme weather with data on extreme weather elements such as maximum rainfall, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wet spell, dry spell, the largest wind speed, and trend analysis on soybean production and productivity. Data for the research were obtained from BUTPAAG LAPAN Garut Regency, Garut Regency Agriculture Office, and other related sources. The correlation analysis used is the Pearson correlation with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that climate change impacts extreme weather changes in the Garut Regency area, with increasing extreme weather trends. However, extreme weather changes were not significantly correlated with soybean production. In this research, only the maximum rainfall and the largest wind speed were significantly correlated with soybean productivity.Keywords: correlation analysis, trend analysis, extreme weather, Garut regency, soybean production.
Comparison between the electrical conductivity method and radicle emergence test as a rapid test of sorghum seed vigor Nugraheni, Nugraheni; Pujiasmanto, Bambang; Samanhudi, Samanhudi; Sakya, Amalia Tetrani
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i2.46547

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) belongs to multipurpose crops. All parts of sorghum can be used both as main products and derivative products; some derivative products produced from the sorghum plant consist of sugar, bioethanol, biomass, handicraft raw materials and starch. This study aims to determine the time required for testing the vigor and viability of sorghum seeds using the electrical conductivity and radicle emergence methods. The study was conducted in two experimental stages using a completely randomized design. The first experiment consisted of two factors: the number of sorghum seeds (40, 70 and 100 grains) and the volume of soaking water (75, 100, 125, and 150 ml). The second experiment consisted of two factors: research method (germination/control method, electrical conduction method, and radicle emergence method) and varieties (consisted of Numbu, Kawali, Suri 3, and Suri 4). The first experiment's results showed that the best electrical conductivity method on Suri 4 varieties were 40 seeds and 150 ml water volume. The electrical conductivity value is negatively correlated with Germination capacity, vigor index, growth of speed, maximum growth potential, and sprout growth rate. Time needed for Electrical Conductivity method in this study was three days. The germination period of 96 hours gives the best results on the radicle emergence of sorghum seed varieties. Vigor index, growth of speed, germination capacity, and maximum growth potential are positively correlated with the value of radicula emergence.Keywords: Electrical Conductivity, Radicle emergence, Vigor, Viability, Germination
Response of growth and tuber seed production of G0 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv Medians in medium lands of Jatinangor to biochar composition and retardant type Dewi, Tessa Prima; Hamdani, Jajang Sauman; Mubarok, Syariful
Kultivasi Vol 23, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v23i1.45684

Abstract

Potatoes are the third most consumed food in Indonesia. The availability of high-quality potato tuber seeds is still low which affects potato production. Potato planting in the highlands is limited, so it needs to be expanded into medium lands. The modification that can increase the production of G0 potato tuber seeds on medium lands is the use of biochar and retardant. The purpose of this research was to determine the composition of biochar and the type of retardant to increase the G0 tuber seed yield of potato cv Medians in the medium lands of Jatinangor. The research was conducted from August 2022 to February 2023 at the Station Ciparanje, Jatinangor, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The experiment used Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was the biochar compositions: b1 (100% compost), b2 (80% compost + 20% rice husk biochar), b3 (80% compost + 20% coconut shell biochar), and b4 (80% compost + 10% biochar husk rice + 10% coconut shell biochar). The second factor was the retardant type: r1 (without retardant), r2 (100 ppm paclobutrazol), and r3 (100 ppm prohexadione-Ca). The experimental results showed that there was no interaction effect of biochar compositions and retardant type on the growth and yield of G0 potato tuber seeds. Treatment of 80% compost + 20% coconut shell biochar suppressed plant height but increased the number of tubers. Treatment of 100 ppm paclobutrazol resulted in lower plant height but total chlorophyll content, percentage of stolon forming tubers, the number of tubers, and tuber weight per plant were higher compared to treatments without retardant and with 100 ppm prohexadione-Ca.
Interactive effects of NPK fertilizer and paclobutrazol concentration on growth and yield of hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) Bafiqi, Medita Johana Pakula; Nurmala, Tati; Kadapi, Muhamad
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 3 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i3.48352

Abstract

The balance between growth and crop yield can be manipulated by exploiting nutrient and retardant interactions. This study is aiming to assess the effects of various combinations of NPK 16-16-16 fertilizer in different doses, along with the application of multiple concentrations of paclobutrazol on the growth and yield of hanjeli. This experiment was carried out in the experimental field of Ciparanje, Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang from February 2021 to August 2021. This research was conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot consisted of 200 kg ha-1, 250 kg ha-1, and 300 kg ha-1. The subplot consisted of 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 4000 ppm. The results show that there were interaction effects between different doses of NPK fertilizer and paclobutrazol concentrations on plant height and 100-grain weight. The best combination came from the application of 200 kg/ha NPK fertilizer with 3000 ppm of paclobutrazol, which gave higher results in plant height and 200 kg/ha NPK fertilizer with 2000 ppm of paclobutrazol on 100-grain weight.
The effectiveness of different formulations of glyphosate herbicides under simulated rainfall conditions in controlling various weeds Fajriani, Syifa; Kurniadie, Denny; Umiyati, Uum
Kultivasi Vol 23, No 1 (2024): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v23i1.48911

Abstract

Herbicide effectiveness is affected by herbicide formulation, rainfall, and weed type. Differences in glyphosate salt formulations and 2,4 D amine mixtures may result in variations in the herbicide's ability to wash off the herbicide due to rain. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of different glyphosate herbicide formulations under varying rainfall in controlling various weeds. The experiment took place in a controlled greenhouse environment, utilizing a split plot experimental design with four replications.  The main plot was assigned to six different rainfall timings: 0 hours after application (HAA), 1 HAA, 2 HAA, 3 HAA, 4 HAA, and no rainfall. The subplots involved different herbicide formulations, namely isopropylamine glyphosate (h1), potassium glyphosate (h2), sodium glyphosate (h3) and glyphosate herbicide, IPA herbicide glyphosate + 2,4 D Amine (h4) and without any herbicide application (h0). Various parameters were observed, including weed dry weight and percentage of mortality growth. The results showed that the effectiveness of each herbicide formulation was diffent among weed specie under simulated rainfall conditions. Ageratum conyzoides can be controlled using isopropylamine glyphosate and potassium glyphosate with rainfall at 1 HAA. Axonopus compressus can be controlled by isopropylamine glyphosate and sodium glyphosate with rainfall at 1 HAA, while Borreria alata and Cyperus rotundus were effectively controlled by isopropylamine glyphosate with rainfall at 1 HAA.
Callus induction and proliferation of Centella asiatica L. generated from leaves and petioles in the presence of Dicamba and BAP Rahayu, Suci; Saptadi, Darmawan; Azmi, Chotimatul; Kusumanegara, Kusumawaty; Handayani, Tri; Roostika, Ika; Bermawie, Nurliani; Maulana, Haris
Kultivasi Vol 22, No 3 (2023): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v22i3.50581

Abstract

Centella's need for industrial raw materials is high as a medicinal plant. These needs can be met through rapid multiplication using tissue culture techniques. In this study, induction and proliferation for a callus of centella cv. Castina 3 was conducted in the MS basal medium plus 4 mgL-1 Dicamba withand enriched with 7 concentrations of BAP (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.1 mgL-1). Two kinds of explant were used, i.e., leaf and petiole. The results revealed that the addition of BAP in MS plus Dicamba medim stimulated better and produced a higher callus growth rate, both from leaf and petiole explants, than that media with Dicamba alone. Furthermore, 4 mgL-1 Dicamba + 1.1 mgL-1 BAP had a friable callus in the induction phase and a friable-compact callus in the proliferation phase. From this finding, it can be considered to use a combination of 4 mgL-1 Dicamba with 1.1 mgL-1 BAP in callus induction and proliferation for Centella rapid multiplication. 

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