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In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Obesity Activities of Ethanolic Extract from Microalgae Strain MRB-2 Niâ€™maturrohmah, Dwi; Darsih, Cici; Susanti, Hani; Hidhayati, Noor; Indrianingsih, Anastasia Wheni; Handayani, Sri; Hasby, Rizal Maulana; Laksitorini, Marlyn Dian
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30385

Obesity has a 15-fold higher risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. Microalga isone of the natural resources that potentially treat obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant, and anti-obesity properties of ethanolic extract of microalgae strain MRB-2. The TPC was determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and the anti-obesity was analyzed using an anti-lipase pancreatic assay. The morphology of microalga cells was also determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the TPC of ethanolic extract from the ultrasound extraction method was higher than the maceration method with the value of 2.75Â±0.26 mg GAE/g. While the scavenging activity toward DPPH radicals of ethanolic extract from the maceration method was higher than ultrasound, with a value of 38.92Â±1.94% at 0.8 mg/mL. The lipase inhibitory activity of extract from the maceration method was higher than ultrasound with a value of 20.81Â±2.24% at 0.38 mg/mL. Our results indicate that ethanolic extract of MRB-2 was potentially developed for anti-obesity foods and health-functional foods derived from new peatland microalgae.

Stevia Local Tawangmangu Generation M1 Result of Oryzalin Treatment Susanti, Dian; Parjanto, Parjanto; Haryanti, Sari
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.31634

Â Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Stevia) is used in the commercial and health industries because of its steviol glycosides (stevioside, reÂbaudioside A, rebaudioside C) and flavonoids. Polyploidy induction of stevia plants using oryzalin was held to increase the diversity and produce superior varieties. This research aims to obtain stevia diverÂsity with different characteristics from its diploid. The TawangmanÂgu variety of stevia seedlings was experimentally designed using a completely random design. Nine combinations of oryzalin concentraÂtions (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5Î¼M) and immersion times (4, 6, and 8 hours) treatments were applied to 15 stevia seedlings each. Stevia without treatment was used as a control. Treatments were applied directly to the shoots on the second internode from the tip. Observations on tarÂget shoots included the number of survivors, morphological variables (height, number of internodes, internode length, leaf size, leaf thickÂness, stem diameter, and leaf color), stomata, and plant ploidy level. Data analysis on the number of live plants used frequency and deÂscriptively. Morphological data consisting of plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and stem diameter were analyzed using boxplot graphs and descriptive to describe the diversity of M1 stevia treatment reÂsults. Leaf color and stomata were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that up to 3.5Î¼M concentrations of oryzalin and 6 hours of immersion time were safe to use as a mutation agent with above 67% survival rate. Various oryzalin treatments of Tawangmangu stevia vaÂrieties yielded polyploidy morphological growth indications in height, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, leaf size, leaf thickness, leaf color, stomata, and stem diameter. In addition, there are growth variations such as chimeras, rosettes, and leaf splitting. However, further flow cytometry tests showed that oryzalin concenÂtration and immersion duration directly on the vegetative material did not produce polyploid stevia individuals.

In Silico Studies of Bioactive Compounds from Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91 in Inhibiting Candida albicans Pratiwi, Rina Hidayati; Sulistyaniningsih, Endang; Jepri, Jumadi
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.32147

Futoamide, Gentialutine, Gentiabetine, 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-dec- adienoyl] pyrrolidine, Lycopodine, Dihydro-lycopodine are bioactive compounds that can be obtained Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91. Previous research results indicate that P. azotoformans extract- ed with dichloromethane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate have antican- didal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. C. albicans is considered to become an opportunistic pathogen and well-known as the main cause of candidiasis. This study aims to determine the mech- anism of inhibition of bioactive compounds from P. azotoformans UICC B-91 on the growth of C. albicans using the molecular docking method. Docking was carried out using the targeted (Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase and Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase) dock- ing method with an exhausted parameter of 50. The size of the grid- box was adjusted to the position of the amino acid residues based on predictions of binding sites using PrankWeb. The docking results were obtained in the form of binding affinity resulting from the inter- action of the compound with the protein. Results showed that the three sample compounds had the potential to form strong and stable bonds with both protein targets with only two ligands show a binding energy value of less than -7 kcal/mol. In addition, the speed and stability of the bond between the sample and the target protein cannot exceed control ligands, thus it can be predicted the structure of ligand. Fu- toamide, 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-decadienoyl] pyrrolidine, Lycopodine, and Dihydrolycopodine had binding potential with Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase. For Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase, only Fu- toamide had the potential to form stable and strong bonds that similar to the control. It can be concluded that the futoamide, one of ligand from P. azotoformans compounds has the potential as a multitarget inhibitor of the two C. albicans proteins, because it has various affini- ties and interaction stability for Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase and Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase.

Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) as Bio-Fungicide for Controlling Fusarium oxysporum in Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) Agustrina, Rochmah; Fadhilla, Nurul; Tamara, Derlian Ella; Chrisnawati, Lili; Yulianty, Yulianty; Mahfut, Mahfut
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.27470

Fusarium oxysporum L. is a fungus responsible for causing plant wilt disease in various horticultural crops. Meanwhile, Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is commonly known as a weed that contains secondary metabolites with antifungal activity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of Bandotan stem and leaf extract on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum in chili (Capsicum annuum L.) infected during the germination phase. Evaluation of stem and leaf extract was carried out separately using a one-factor Complete Randomized Design (CRD). A total of four experimental units were used consisting of C+ (sprouts not infected with Fusarium sp. and not given stem or leaf of Bandotan extract), C- (sprouts infected with Fusarium sp. but not given stem or leaf of Bandotan extract), T1 (sprouts soaked with stem or leaf of Bandotan extract and infected with Fusarium sp.), and T2 (sprouts infected with Fusarium sp., and given stem or leaf of Bandotan extract). Each experimental unit was repeated five times, and parameters observed included disease severity, as well as dry and wet weight. The results showed that based on ANOVA test at the 5% significance level, the administration of 60% dry Bandotan stem extract to chili sprouts before Fusarium sp. infection significantly reduced disease severity. However, when the treatment was carried out after sprouts were infected, disease severity was not reduced. The administration of Bandotan leaf extract to sprouts both before and after being infected with Fusarium sp. reduced disease severity but a decrease in dry weight was also observed

In Silico Study: ACE Inhibitory Activity as a Marine Animal Fatty Acid Antihypertensive Candidate Arumsari, Maharani Dyah; Sururi, Ahmad Misbakhus; Hendrata, Excelino; Kamila, Rahmadian Kahfi Zulfa; Wibowo, Dhea Mutiara Fernanda; Fajriyah, Luluatul; Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.29899

Marine life has much potential for development, especially in the medical field. Its main content is fatty acids, where fatty acids have potential as antihypertensive agents. This research aims to determine the potential of the primary fatty acids in marine biota as antihypertensive agents through an in-silico approach using molecular docking. This study uses the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) receptor as the target protein and fatty acid ligands (myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, vaccenic acid, 11-eicosenoic acid, palmitic acid), and the control drug captopril for comparison. The initial stages of the research include protein and ligand preparation, followed by molecular docking and visualization. Potential compounds were then analyzed with Lipinski drug-likeness and PASSOnline. The research results show that eicosapentaenoic acid and linoleic acid have the potential as ACE inhibitors. PASSOnline predictions indicate that both had a high probability of being vasodilator agents. Therefore, these two fatty acids had the potential as antihypertensive agents. Further research is needed through in vitro and in vivo testing to utilize marine biota in the medical world.

Screening Mycelium of Macrofungi Isolates in Tahura Djuanda Bandung As A New Candidate for Biomaterial Laoli, Inneke Andita Putri; Wulandari, Asri Peni; Rachmawati, Ulyaa; Sukmana, Dwi Ramadhani; Dewi, Annisa Handayani; Rossiana, Nia
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30021

Â Â Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enÂhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters.Â HTML Source code: Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enÂhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters. Chat GPT: Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enÂhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters.Â Â Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enÂhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters.Â Â <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Abstract</title><style>Â Â Â p {Â Â Â Â Â Â Â text-align: justify;Â Â Â }</style></head><body>Â Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enÂhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters.Â </body></html>Â Â Â Â Abstract. Cardamom (Amomum compactum) is an aromatic spice plant with numerous benefits, widely used in cooking, medicine, and beverages. The high demand for cardamom remains unmet due to the lengthy germination period required for cardamom seeds and the inability of cardamom shoots to thrive when planted independently from the mother plant. The presence of the mother plant significantly impacts cardamom nurseries utilizing shoots, making it challenging to obtain large quantities of nursery transplants. Growth stimulants, such as vitamin B1 and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), are required to enÂhance vegetative growth in plants. Vitamin B1 (IPI brand) is applied due to its ease of accessibility and cost-effectiveness. Meanwhile, IBA is utilized for its accessibility, stable chemical content, and prolonged efficacy. This research aims to determine the optimal concentration of vitamin B1, IBA, and their combination to enhance the growth of mother and tiller shoots of cardamom ex vitro. The research employed a two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design, with vitamin B1 concentrations of 21.5% and 43% and IBA concentrations of 0.75 ppm and 150 ppm. The treatment V1I1 (vitamin B1 21.5% and IBA 75 ppm) on mother plant shoots maintained a survival rate of 67% up to 12 Weeks After Planting (WAP). The interaction between vitamins B1 and IBA exhibited no significant effect on all parameters of mother shoots and tillers; however, vitamin B1 significantly influenced the vegetative growth of cardamom mother shoots. Vitamin B1 at 43% produced a significantly higher number of leaves compared to 21.5%. Thus, vitamin B1 at 43% is recommended for cardamom propagation, while vitamin B1 at 21.5% has the potential to enhance the average growth of tiller shoots across all parameters.Â Â Â Â Abstract. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disÂorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is considerably more prevalent than othÂer forms (85â€“90%). The risk of type 2 diabetes is higher in women (53.2%). There is an urgent requirement for better and more affordaÂble treatment options considering DM therapy is expensive and may have adverse health effects. The study's objective is to examine how acute toxicity, blood glucose levels, and body weight are affected by Moringa leaf ethanol extract (MLEE). Maceration was employed to eliminate the leaves of the moringa plant. Phytochemical screening was completed to assess the total flavonoid content and screen for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and tannins. Acute toxicity testing was performed following OECD guideline 423. Clinical sympÂtoms of acute toxicity were observed every 30 minutes for the first 24 hours post-treatment, followed by observations every 24 hours up to 14 days. The estimated LD50 range was determined. Streptozotocin/ nicotinamide-induced female Mus musculus was administered to evalÂuate the antidiabetic potential of MLEE. Six groups of mice were utiÂlized, which included a healthy control group (aquades not induced), a negative control group (induced aquades), a positive control group (induced glimepiride 0.8 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups with varying dosages of MLEE (induced; 0, 100, and 150 mg/kg BW). A semi-auto chemical analyzer was employed on days 0 through 31 to determine blood glucose levels. An analytical digital balance was utilized to calculate the body weight. With a total flavonoid concenÂtration of 20.75%, MLEE incorporated alkaloids, flavonoids, phenoÂlics, saponins, and tannins. MLEE demonstrated a significant effect in lowering blood glucose levels at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (P<0.05). A significant positive correlation has been identified between body weight and blood glucose levels (P<0.05).Â Â Â Â Soil arthropods play an important role in nutrient cycling and maintenance of soil structure. Thus, their abundance and diverÂsity can indicate the biological quality of the soil. Due to different soil management practices, arthropods are also very sensitive to enÂvironmental changes. This study aims to analyze the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and the environmental factors that supÂport the abundance of soil arthropods in terrestrial of Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. The methods used to obtain samples of soil arthropods are pitfall trap. Soil arthropod data were analyzed to determine the Shannon diversity index (H'), Margalef richness index (R), and Evenness index (E). The effect of abiotic environmental facÂtors was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 1263 arthropods were found in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, belonging to 11 orders, 24 families, and 32 morphospecies. The current work determined the scores of H'= 2.08, R = 3,08, and E = 0.72 of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. Results revealed that humidity is one such environmental parameter affecting the presence of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. This research can be used as a guide in validating and conservation of the habitat of soil arthropod species on West JavaÂ Obesity has a 15-fold higher risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. Microalga isone of the natural resources that potentially treat obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant, and anti-obesity properties of ethanolic extract of microalgae strain MRB-2. The TPC was determined using the Follin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and the anti-obesity was analyzed using an anti-lipase pancreatic assay. The morphology of microalga cells was also determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that the TPC of ethanolic extract from the ultrasound extraction method was higher than the maceration method with the value of 2.75Â±0.26 mg GAE/g. While the scavenging activity toward DPPH radicals of ethanolic extract from the maceration method was higher than ultrasound, with a value of 38.92Â±1.94% at 0.8 mg/mL. The lipase inhibitory activity of extract from the maceration method was higher than ultrasound with a value of 20.81Â±2.24% at 0.38 mg/mL. Our results indicate that ethanolic extract of MRB-2 was potentially developed for anti-obesity foods and health-functional foods derived from new peatland microalgae. Â Talinum paniculatum Jacq (Gaertn), locally known as Javanese Ginseng, is an essential medicinal plant characterized by high flavonoid content with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Compared to other natural sources, a larger number of T. paniculatum leaves is required to obtain high amounts of flavonoid for drug development. In this context, in vitro culture can be used to increase flavonoid production in a controlled condition without reducing plant population. The concentration of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) is capable of influencing biomass and flavonoid accumulation in callus culture from several species. Despite these benefits, there is limited information about the optimal concentration of PGRs for flavonoid production from T. paniculatum callus culture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the optimum concentration of 2,4-D and kinetin for callus growth, as well as flavonoid production from T. paniculatum. The investigation was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD), where young leaves explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L and kinetin (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L for callus and flavonoid production. The results showed that the highest callus biomass of 0.105 g was produced from MS medium with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D and 1 mg/L of kinetin. Meanwhile, the highest total flavonoid content of 25.66 mg QE/g DW was produced from media supplemented with 1 mg/Lof 2,4-D and 2 mg/L of kinetin. These results showed that different combinations of 2,4-D and kinetin were required to increase biomass and flavonoid production. In conclusion, this study provided valuable information for the development of bioactive compounds through in vitro culture.Â The mistletoe (Scurrula ferruginea) is a parasitic plant obtaining nutrients and water from host plants at Nglinggo tea plantation, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Despite the numerous benefits of Scurrula ferruginea leaf, substantiation regarding its pharmacological activity is still lacking. Therefore, this research aimed to identify Scurrula ferruginea species and obtain secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity. The experiment was carried out by extracting Scurrula ferruginea leaf using maceration methods with 96% ethanol, followed by qualitatively and quantitatively phytochemical screening, inhibitory zone test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test. Several compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids, were identified in the mistletoe extract. The results showed total flavonoid, phenolic, and tannin levels were 7.41 Â± 0.38 mg QE/mg, 1672 Â± 50.99 mg GAE/g, and 1.43 Â± 0.15 mg TAE/g, respectively. Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract showed the potential to form an inhibition zone against S. aureus in the moderate category at 525 mg/mL, but no significant activity was observed against E. coli. The MIC results of Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract against S. aureus were 0.6%, and the MBC was at 2.4%. Furthermore, the MIC value against E. coli was 14%, and the MBC value was 28%. Based on these results, it could be concluded that Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract showed high effectiveness in inhibiting and killing S. aureus bacteria compared to E. coli, with MIC and MBC values of 0.6% and 2.4%, respectively Â Grand Forest Park (Tahura) Ir. H. Djuanda, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia is a secondary nature conservation area rich in biodiversity, including macrofungi which has not been widely studied. The research aims to isolate, characterize its morphology and screen its potential as a biomaterial source based on the growth of macrofungal mycelium. The research was carried out using an exploration method at three sampling locations: Maribaya (trail area), Goa Jepang (cave area), and Curug Koleang (waterfall area). The obtained macrofungi were isolated and identified based on their macroscopic and microscopic morphological characteristics and coded based on the location and number of isolates. A comparative evaluation was carried out by one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the average mycelial growth of the macrofungal isolates for 9 days on PDA. The results showed that there was a total of 62 species of macrofungi from three locations: 22 isolates from the Maribaya (MB) area, 18 isolates from the Goa Jepang (GJP) area, and 22 isolates from the Curug Koleang (CK) area. The isolates that showed the highest mycelium length and represented each research area were shown by MB-07 (63.98 Â± 1.21 mm), GJP-01 (81.47 Â± 0.41 mm) and CK-13 (72.14 Â± 1.20 mm). Isolate GJP-01 from the Goa Jepang area has the potential to become a superior fungus in its ability to expand mycelium should be developed for mycelium-based material applications.Â Â Â Â Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Stevia) is used in the commercial and health industries because of its steviol glycosides (stevioside, reÂbaudioside A, rebaudioside C) and flavonoids. Polyploidy induction of stevia plants using oryzalin was held to increase the diversity and produce superior varieties. This research aims to obtain stevia diverÂsity with different characteristics from its diploid. The TawangmanÂgu variety of stevia seedlings was experimentally designed using a completely random design. Nine combinations of oryzalin concentraÂtions (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5Î¼M) and immersion times (4, 6, and 8 hours) treatments were applied to 15 stevia seedlings each. Stevia without treatment was used as a control. Treatments were applied directly to the shoots on the second internode from the tip. Observations on tarÂget shoots included the number of survivors, morphological variables (height, number of internodes, internode length, leaf size, leaf thickÂness, stem diameter, and leaf color), stomata, and plant ploidy level. Data analysis on the number of live plants used frequency and deÂscriptively. Morphological data consisting of plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and stem diameter were analyzed using boxplot graphs and descriptive to describe the diversity of M1 stevia treatment reÂsults. Leaf color and stomata were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that up to 3.5Î¼M concentrations of oryzalin and 6 hours of immersion time were safe to use as a mutation agent with above 67% survival rate. Various oryzalin treatments of Tawangmangu stevia vaÂrieties yielded polyploidy morphological growth indications in height, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, leaf size, leaf thickness, leaf color, stomata, and stem diameter. In addition, there are growth variations such as chimeras, rosettes, and leaf splitting. However, further flow cytometry tests showed that oryzalin concenÂtration and immersion duration directly on the vegetative material did not produce polyploid stevia individuals.

Community Structure of Avifauna in The Rehabilitation Zone at Wonoasri Resort, Meru Betiri National Park Siddiq, Arif Mohammad; Sulistiyowati, Hari; Ulaa, Munaa Aqidatul; Ulum, Fuad Bahrul; Fadri, Firda
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30033

The rehabilitation zone of Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) needs to be measured in relation to the success of ecosystem restoration. It can be used as a bioindicator, such as the bird community structure, hence their sensitivity to environmental changes. Therefore, the aims of this study are to determine the community structure of avifauna in the rehabilitation zone at Wonoasri Resort, MBNP including bird diversity, richness, dominance, feeding guilds, and their correlation with forest cover. The research was conducted in January 2023 in the Bonangan Block at three observation points, namely low vegetation cover, medium vegetation cover, and high vegetation cover. The ecological data, such as species and abundance, were collected using the point count method, while additional information related to conservation statuses were collected by web browsing on the IUCN Red List, the CITES appendix, and Indonesian government regulation (LHK No.106/2018). Data analysis used the dominance index, species diversity index (Shannon Wiener), and evaluated for statistical data using a Kruskal-Wallis (KW) test in R version 3.2.1. We recorded 38 bird species belonging to 31 genera and 21 families during this study. Among the feeding guilds, the insectivorous birds (14 species) were recorded as the higher species richness, followed by omnivorous (eight species), frugivorous (five species), granivorous (five species), carnivorous (four species), and nectarivorous (two species). The Kruskal-Wallis test shows there is a significant correlation among the feeding guilds (value of 11.644, with p-value = 0.040). Furthermore, referring to species richness, high vegetation cover areas have the highest species richness (30 species) compared to medium vegetation cover areas (27 species) and low vegetation cover areas (26 species). The dominance of avifauna species at this location falls into the low category (C = 0.07). According to the diversity index, avifauna in Bonangan Block is classified as a high category (H'=3.01).

Antibacterial Activity of Scurrula ferruginea (Roxb. Ex Jack) Leaves Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Aditiyarini, Dwi; Sipayung, Nita Sonia; Prakasita, Vinsa Cantya
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30445

The mistletoe (Scurrula ferruginea) is a parasitic plant obtaining nutrients and water from host plants at Nglinggo tea plantation, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Despite the numerous benefits of Scurrula ferruginea leaf, substantiation regarding its pharmacological activity is still lacking. Therefore, this research aimed to identify Scurrula ferruginea species and obtain secondary metabolites with antibacterial activity. The experiment was carried out by extracting Scurrula ferruginea leaf using maceration methods with 96% ethanol, followed by qualitatively and quantitatively phytochemical screening, inhibitory zone test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test. Several compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids, were identified in the mistletoe extract. The results showed total flavonoid, phenolic, and tannin levels were 7.41 Â± 0.38 mg QE/mg, 1672 Â± 50.99 mg GAE/g, and 1.43 Â± 0.15 mg TAE/g, respectively. Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract showed the potential to form an inhibition zone against S. aureus in the moderate category at 525 mg/mL, but no significant activity was observed against E. coli. The MIC results of Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract against S. aureus were 0.6%, and the MBC was at 2.4%. Furthermore, the MIC value against E. coli was 14%, and the MBC value was 28%. Based on these results, it could be concluded that Scurrula ferruginea leaf ethanolic extract showed high effectiveness in inhibiting and killing S. aureus bacteria compared to E. coli, with MIC and MBC values of 0.6% and 2.4%, respectively

Relation of Soil Physical Parameters and Dominant Vegetation with Infiltration Capacity in Latuppa Sub-Watershed Palopo Indonesia Witno, Witno; Yumna, Yumna; Rahim, Abdul
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30580

The inflitration capacity is the soilâ€™s ability to accommodate water that seeps into the soil, reducing surface runoff that will cause flooding, such as in the downstream area of Palopo city. This study aimed to determine the influence of dominant vegetation and soil physical characteristics on infiltration in the upstream area of the Latuppa Sub-Das, Mungkajang District, Palopo city. Data collection was carried out by direct observation in the 2yumnaunanda588@gmail.com field in a purposive manner in 10 plots, which represent the condition of vegetation in the upstream area of the Latuppa watershed, and each plot consisted of 3 replications to observe infiltration and soil samples. The data were analyzed via the rational method, the Horton method, and vegetation index analysis. Additionally, the data were analyzed via simple linear regression and multiple regression analysis to determine the influence of the dominant vegetation and physical characteristics of the soil on the infiltration capacity. The highest infiltration capacity was found in plot 10, with an infiltration capacity of 107.5 mm/minute (6,450 mm/hour) and an average infiltration rate of 0.4 mm/minute (24 mm/hour). The dominant vegetation cover is Cananga odorata, with a vegetation index value of 78.41%. Plot 10 has a height of 362.79 masl, a gentle slope, a crumbly soil structure, a clay sand texture, a very high soil density and 2.10% organic matter. Based on observations and data analysis, the factors that influence the infiltration capacity in the upstream area of the Latuppa subwatershed are vegetation conditions, altitude, slope and physical properties of the soil.

Antidiabetic Potential of Ethanol Extract from Moringa oleifera Leaves in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Female Mus musculus Prakasita, Vinsa Cantya; Theodora, Nadya Aprina; Susilowati, Enjelin Anjung; Aditiyarini, Dwi; Prasetyaningsih, Aniek
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 9 No 1 (2024): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v9i1.30699

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disÂorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes is considerably more prevalent than othÂer forms (85â€“90%). The risk of type 2 diabetes is higher in women (53.2%). There is an urgent requirement for better and more affordaÂble treatment options considering DM therapy is expensive and may have adverse health effects. The study's objective is to examine how acute toxicity, blood glucose levels, and body weight are affected by Moringa leaf ethanol extract (MLEE). Maceration was employed to eliminate the leaves of the moringa plant. Phytochemical screening was completed to assess the total flavonoid content and screen for alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, and tannins. Acute toxicity testing was performed following OECD guideline 423. Clinical sympÂtoms of acute toxicity were observed every 30 minutes for the first 24 hours post-treatment, followed by observations every 24 hours up to 14 days. The estimated LD50 range was determined. Streptozotocin/ nicotinamide-induced female Mus musculus was administered to evalÂuate the antidiabetic potential of MLEE. Six groups of mice were utiÂlized, which included a healthy control group (aquades not induced), a negative control group (induced aquades), a positive control group (induced glimepiride 0.8 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups with varying dosages of MLEE (induced; 0, 100, and 150 mg/kg BW). A semi-auto chemical analyzer was employed on days 0 through 31 to determine blood glucose levels. An analytical digital balance was utilized to calculate the body weight. With a total flavonoid concenÂtration of 20.75%, MLEE incorporated alkaloids, flavonoids, phenoÂlics, saponins, and tannins. MLEE demonstrated a significant effect in lowering blood glucose levels at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW (P<0.05). A significant positive correlation has been identified between body weight and blood glucose levels (P<0.05).

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Contact Name
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Journal Mail Official
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Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA