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Language Competence of Teacher Professional Education Students in Developing Deep Learning-Based Teaching Modules Ruya Hilal Mukhtar; Rina Rosdiana; Sandi Budiana; Eneng Syifa Rahmadani; Sapira Aprillia
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i1.84283

This study aims to analyze the language competence of Teacher Professional Education (PPG) students in developing deep learning-based teaching modules, particularly in terms of effective sentence construction. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach with PPG Indonesian Language students from 2025 as subjects. Data consisting of 478 sentences from 35 teaching modules were analyzed using content analysis techniques based on indicators of unity, coherence, parallelism, accuracy, economy, and logic. Results indicate that language competence falls in the moderate-to-high category. Unity (95.82%), logic (93.51%), and accuracy (81.38%) scored high, while cohesion, parallelism, and economy remained moderate. Dominant errors were found in economy (47.07%) and cohesion (40.59%), indicating a need to strengthen students' language competence as an integral component of PPG programs. This finding has implications for the quality of deep learning based teaching modules, as ineffective language use may affect the clarity of material delivery. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen language competence in the PPG program, particularly in the application of effective sentence principles in the development of instructional materials.

Introduction Indonesian Culture for Chinese Foreign Speakers: Vocabulary and Literacy Development Sukma Tajuddin; Sukma Sukma; Tri Budianingsih; Dian Sari Unga Waru
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i1.83480

This study explores vocabulary and literacy development among Chinese foreign speakers participating in the Bahasa Indonesia untuk Penutur Asing (BIPA) program, particularly within the context of Indonesian cultural education. The data sources were obtained from 46 Chinese students studying at Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Beijing Language and Culture University, Hebei University of Foreign Languages, and Hefei University of Technology. This study employed a qualitative approach to examine the experiences of both instructors and international students in China through in-depth interviews. This study aimed to (1) integrate cultural elements into language instruction to significantly enhance learners’ vocabulary acquisition and cultural literacy and (2) promote effective teaching strategies to enhance learners’ engagement and motivation. This study underscores the importance of a culturally contextualized curriculum in fostering meaningful language-learning experiences and offers practical recommendations for improving the BIPA program. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the interplay between language and culture in foreign language education.

The Production of Space and Ecological Conflict in the Novel Perempuan yang Menunggu di Lorong Menuju Laut: Study of Lefebvre and Ecocriticism Aswati Asri; Nur Hasbi; Ayu Anriani Alle
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i1.84885

This study aims to uncover the production of space and ecological conflict in the novel through the perspectives of space production and ecocriticism. The study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-interpretive design. The data source is the novel entitled Perempuan yang Tunggu di Lorong Menuju Laut by Dian Purnomo. The data consists of narrative excerpts, dialogues, and events that represent the space of Sangihe, roads, sea, land, houses, mines, officials, and community resistance. Data were collected through reading and note-taking techniques and analyzed based on the concepts of spatial practice, spatial representation, representational space, and human relations with the environment. The main instrument of the study was the researcher herself as a human instrument, assisted by data analysis guidelines. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data classification, interpretation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was maintained through diligent reading, source triangulation, and theory triangulation. The results of the study indicate that Sangihe is represented as a living space produced through the work, memory, solidarity, and ecological ties of the community. In contrast, mining companies represent this space as an area of investment, concession, and exploitation. The ecological conflict in the novel is not only the threat of environmental damage, but also a spatial conflict between the living space of society and extractive capital. The implications of the findings of this study indicate that literature has an important position as a space for criticism of extractive practices and ecological injustice, and also shows how power relations work through the production of space and control of people's living areas, so that reading literature does not stop at the exploitation of nature or the resistance of characters, but also at the spatial mechanisms that enable domination and resistance to take place.

The Influence of Visual Campaign Discourse: A Sociopragmastylistic Study Sri Maryani; I Nyoman Sudiana; Erwin Erwin
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i1.84806

This study examines the influence of social, cultural, and political factors on linguistic and visual strategies in political campaigns in West Nusa Tenggara through a sociopragmastylistic approach. Although studies on political discourse and visual communication continue to develop, limited research has explored how linguistic and visual elements in local political campaigns construct emotional connections with voters. This study employs a qualitative method by analyzing campaign slogans, visual designs, and political symbols used in regional political campaigns. The findings reveal that socio-cultural values, local identity, and political affiliations strongly influence the selection of language styles, colors, symbols, and visual representations in campaign materials. These elements function not only as communication tools but also as strategies for strengthening emotional engagement and public trust. The study concludes that political visual discourse in NTB reflects the integration of local cultural identity and community values in shaping persuasive political communication.

The Representation of Sita and Rama in Cok Sawitri’s Sitayana: A Critical Discourse Analysis Liana Shinta Dewi; Winasti Rahma Diani
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i1.78310

The aim of this research is to reveal the representation of Sita and Rama in the novel Sitayana. This research uses Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis as both theory and method. Data collection and data analysis conducted through text analysis, discourse practice analysis, and social practice analysis. The results show that, at textual level, there is a different constructions of Sita and Rama from their classical form. The representation of Rama is weakened meanwhile the representation of Sita is strengthened. This construction is shaped by various overlapping discourses and ideological contestations within the text. The contested ideology in Sitayana are feminism, patriarchy, traditionalism, modernism, capitalism, and feudalism. The novel offers an alternative reading of the Ramayana narrative that tend to differ from other interpretation of Ramayana. Sitayana provides an intersacting space between Rama dan Sita namely a shared position as victim. So that, Rama and Sita’s are not really in a black and white opposition.

The Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in Developing Interactive Teaching Materials: A Study of Student Experience Siti Chodijah Chodijah; Roy Efendi; Nenk Tazkiyatus Soliha; Andhini Laksita Palupi
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i2.87231

The Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in Developing Interactive Teaching Materials: A Study of Student Experience. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in developing interactive teaching materials and to explore students' experiences during the learning process. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving students from the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Program who were enrolled in a course on writing teaching materials. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires and observation sheets documenting student activities during project implementation. The results indicate that implementing PjBL provides a positive and meaningful learning experience. Student engagement was categorized as high, with a mean score of 4.24 and a positive response rate of 86.5%. In addition, students demonstrated improvement in creativity, collaboration skills, and understanding of interactive teaching material development. However, several challenges were identified, particularly in the use of technology, with a mean score of 3.38, indicating difficulties in mastering supporting applications. Observation data also revealed that students were actively involved in discussions and group work throughout the learning process. Therefore, PjBL can be considered effective in supporting the development of interactive teaching materials, although it requires enhanced digital literacy to optimize learning outcomes.

Citations and Authorial Stances across Language and Disciplines in Research Article Introductions (RAIS) Warsidi Warsidi
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i2.78003

Employing citations in research article writing is significant in creating engagements with literature, and establishing authorial stances is also critical for convincing targeted readers to show that authors have sufficient knowledge for negotiating knowledge claims within their research papers. However, studies underpinning these issues in Indonesian research article introductions (RAIs) are still limited, particularly in the History and Law disciplines. Motivated by this need, this study intends to analyze citation numbers, authorial stances, and contextual uses of stances in cross languages (English-Indonesian) and disciplines (History and Law). To realize this intention, it used 60 English and Indonesian RAIs (one section, the introduction section) from the History and Law disciplines as data sets. The analysis used an earlier theoretical framework, by focusing on citation numbers counted manually, authorial stances to identify either positive, neutral, or negative, and contextual uses for the stance uses. Consideration of citation occurrence was counted in each citation numbers. For example, when a parenthetical cluster contain four references, they were counted as four citation numbers. Then, repeated citations to the same source counted each time. The results revealed that English RAIs contain more citations than Indonesian RAIs. Then, although all corpora tend to employ more neutral stances than the other two types, English RAIs used negative stances more than Indonesian RAIs when citing literature. The contexts for employing positive, neutral and negative stances are then discussed in this paper.

The Effect of the Picture Word Inductive (PWI) Model on the Ability to Write a Descriptive Essay for Gade IV Students of SDN 1 Cigobang Hana Auliya Bilqisthi; Idah Faridah Laily; Syibli Maufur
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i2.84591

The low ability to write descriptive essays in elementary school students is one of the important problems in learning Indonesian, especially in the aspects of idea development, vocabulary use, and sentence preparation in sequence. Therefore, a learning model that is able to improve these skills effectively is needed. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Picture Word Inductive (PWI) learning model on the ability to write descriptive essays of grade IV students of SDN 1 Cigobang consisting of 46 students. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design, involving two groups, namely the control class and the experimental class. Data collection techniques are carried out through tests (pre-test and post-test) and observation, with data analysis using descriptive statistical tests, prerequisite tests, and independent simple t-test hypothesis tests. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the experimental class with an average score of 36.30 to 72.83 compared. with the control class only increasing from 33.91 to 40.43. The significance value of the Mann-Whitney U test of 0.000 (<0.05) shows a significant influence of the use of the PWI model on the ability to write students' descriptive essays. These findings contribute that the use of visual media through the PWI model is effective in improving students' writing skills by encouraging active engagement and vocabulary development. Thus, it can be concluded that the PWI learning model has a positive and significant effect on the ability to write descriptive essays of elementary school students. The implications of this study show that the PWI model can be used as an alternative learning strategy. innovative, while further research is recommended to develop the application of this model in a broader context as well as combine it with modern learning technologies.

Conceptual Metaphor in Anak Bajang Mengayun Bulan: A Discursive-Pragmatic Study R. Kunjana Rahardi; Agatha Umifriska Ariyani
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i2.83567

This study examines how conceptual metaphor functions as a discursive and stylistic resource in constructing meaning, affect, and aesthetic value in Sindhunata’s Anak Bajang Mengayun Bulan (ABMB). Using a qualitative interpretive design, the study analyzes selected textual excerpts in which metaphorical expressions are salient to the representation of natural, cosmic, spatial, emotional, and gendered experience. The excerpts were purposively selected based on their relevance to the study’s focus and their potential to reveal metaphorical mappings and their contextual functions. The unit of analysis is the metaphorical expression together with its immediate textual context, which is examined to identify the source–target domain mapping, its contextual meaning, and its pragmatic and stylistic function. The analysis proceeded in three stages: identifying metaphorical expressions, interpreting the cross-domain mappings they instantiate, and examining how these mappings shape evaluation, affect, and reader-oriented interpretation in context. The findings reveal five principal patterns: (1) the natural world is represented as an animate and harmonious system; (2) cosmic elements are associated with emotional transformation and aesthetic elevation; (3) silence and spatiality are constructed as sacred and transformative domains; (4) inner emotional experience is valued over external sensory perception as a more authentic form of experience; and (5) womanhood is metaphorically represented as an ecological landscape that reflects existential tension and crisis. These findings show that conceptual metaphor in ABMB operates beyond cognitive representation: it organizes perception, directs evaluation, and invites affective engagement, thereby contributing to the pragmatic and aesthetic construction of meaning in literary discourse.

Implementing PUSAKA for Personal and Formal Letter Writing in Junior High School Sabrina Ayu Diningrum; Helmi Muzaki; Afiyahtun Isnaeni
RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 19, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/retorika.v19i2.86856

This study describes the implementation of the PUSAKA (Puzzle Susun Kerangka Surat) medium in teaching personal and formal letter writing to 30 seventh-grade students in Class VII C at SMP Negeri 1 Pakisaji and examines students’ responses to its use. A qualitative descriptive design was used. Data were collected through classroom observation, documentation of student work and learning activities, and an open-ended questionnaire. The findings are limited to one Indonesian language lesson. All 30 students participated in the PUSAKA activity, while questionnaire responses were obtained from 21 students. The findings indicate that students engaged in activities such as assembling puzzles, identifying letter types, constructing outlines, and drafting complete letters, although participation levels within some groups were uneven. Of the 30 students participating in the class activity, 21 completed an open-ended questionnaire. Their responses generally described PUSAKA as an engaging and useful tool for identifying letter types, organizing ideas through outlines, and facilitating group discussions. However, some students reported unequal participation within their groups. These findings suggest that PUSAKA can serve as a context-specific instructional scaffold for letter-writing activities; however, further research is needed to evaluate its effectiveness using comparative designs and systematic writing assessments.

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Abstract

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Contact Name
-

Contact Email
-

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
-

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota makassar,

Sulawesi selatan

INDONESIA