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INDONESIA
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 26139456     EISSN : 25992570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture publishes original articles, review articles, case studies and short communications on the fundamentals, applications and management of Sustainable Agriculture areas in collaboration with Indonesian Agrotechnology / Agroecotechnology Association (PAGI), Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network), and Indonesian Agricultural Higher Education Communication Forum (FKPTPI). This journal has two issues in a year and it will be published in April and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 485 Documents
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Enhancing Agroecology in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation with Centrosema pubescens Ground Cover: A Study from Central Bangka, Indonesia Ani Kurniawati; Sitti Nurul Aini; Nyayu Siti Khodijah; Adryade Reshi Gusta
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i2.90003

Abstract

Pepper cultivation in Bangka Island primarily takes place on sandy land. Legume cover crops, such as Centrosema pubescens, which has been widely used as a ground cover, are anticipated to improve land quality by maintaining soil temperature and humidity, increasing soil organic carbon content, increasing soil porosity, and improving soil fertility. This research aims to analyze the agroecosystem of pepper plants, by comparing the use of the cover plant C. pubescens as a soil treatment and the absence of using these cover plants as a control. The research was conducted in farmers’ pepper gardens in Perlang Village, Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province. The research employed a randomized block design, with C. pubescens and natural vegetation as treatments, each replicated 3 times. The variables measured were soil temperature and humidity; abundance of microorganisms; weed density, frequency, and dominance; chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and anthocyanin content of pepper leaves; photosynthesis rate; transpiration rate; stomatal conductance; soil chemical and physical properties. The results showed that C. pubescens as ground cover could reduce the dominance of the Bidens pilosa weed (relative dominance of 36.16%) but led to an increase in the dominance of Chromolaena odorata (relative dominance of 38.7%). C. pubescens ground cover could also maintain stable soil temperature and moisture, and increase P, K, Ca, and Mg soil content by 100%, 100%, 43.6%, and 48.3%, respectively. Furthermore, pepper plants grown with C. pubescens exhibited 25%, 23.7%, and 16% higher chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content, respectively, compared to those grown without the cover crop.
Utilization of Chia Seeds Powder in Wet Noodle Substituted with Modified Cassava Flour Intan Cidarbulan Matita; Lucia Crysanthy Soedirga; Irene Andriani
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i1.77711

Abstract

The Indonesian food industry needs to utilize local food commodities as an alternative to wheat, supporting local farmers as part of sustainable agriculture. Modified cassava flour (MOCAF) has similar characteristics to wheat flour yet it lacks gluten and has low protein content. Chia seeds have the potential to improve the textural characteristics of gluten-free products due to their gel-forming ability and are a good source of plant-based protein. This study aims to utilize chia seed powder in the formulation of wet noodles substituted with MOCAF to possibly obtain wet noodles with equal textural characteristics and protein content to 100% wheat flour noodles. In this study, different ratios of wheat flour to MOCAF (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40) and different amounts of chia seed powder (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) are studied in terms of cooking quality (cooking loss and water absorption), textural properties (hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness), color (brightness and hue angle). Higher MOCAF substitution resulted in higher water absorption and cooking loss, as well as undesirable (harder) textural properties. Incorporation of chia seeds powder successfully lowers the cooking loss and higher water absorption of the MOCAF-substituted noodles and noodles with 100% wheat flour without chia seeds powder. Chia seed powder can reduce the hardness while maintaining and increasing the chewiness of the MOCAF-substituted noodles. In the MOCAF-substituted noodles, comparable protein content to that of 100% wheat flour noodles can be achieved with the use of 10 to 15% chia seeds powder at a maximum 80:20 substitution ratio.
Resistance of Doubled Haploid Rice Lines with Green Super Rice Characters to Bacterial Leaf Blight Siti Nurhidayah; Bambang Sapta Purwoko; Iswari Saraswati Dewi; Willy Bayuardi Suwarno; Iskandar Lubis; Siti Yuriyah
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i2.88198

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a significant disease attacking rice crops worldwide. This disease attacks at various stages of plant growth and causes significant yield loss. Breeding new varieties resistant to BLB is important to support sustainable agriculture in the future. This study aimed to identify new superior green super rice (GSR) lines resistant to BLB disease. The experiment evaluated the resistance of lowland rice lines obtained from anther culture using a factorial randomized complete block design. The 1st factor was genotype, consisting of 20 lines, 2 checks of commercial varieties (Inpari 42 Agritan GSR and Inpari 18), a resistant check (Conde), and a susceptible check (Taichung Native 1). The 2nd factor was BLB pathotypes (i.e., III, IV, and VIII). Quantitative data on disease severity and severity index were analyzed using analysis of variance and t-Dunnett test at 5% level. The results showed that the interaction between genotype and pathotype affected the disease severity and severity index in both growth phases. The tested lines exhibited varying resistance, from susceptible to resistant, to BLB. Four lines (SN 11, 13, 57, and 58) showed moderate to resistant criteria for BLB disease of 3 pathotypes in both growth phases. The selected lines can be used as a source of parents for breeders and candidates for new superior varieties with BLB resistance properties to support the reduction of synthetic chemical bactericide inputs and control BLB disease. However, further field evaluations are necessary to assess their performance.
Farmers’ Income and the Driving Forces for the Switch from Shifting Cultivation to Settled Agriculture in Meghalaya, India Mebaaibok L Nonglait; Nicholas Khundrakpam; Pratibha Deka
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i1.76129

Abstract

This study assesses the dependence of farmers on semi-settled (a combination of shifting and settled cultivation) and settled agriculture as a source of family income. The farmers residing in the hilly tracts of West Garo Hills mostly adopt semi-settled cultivation. Farmers are also transitioning from semi-settled to settled agriculture. This study was conducted to investigate the factors influencing the transition and the socioeconomic conditions of farmers practicing semi-settled and settled agriculture. The researchers surveyed 119 randomly selected households in West Garo Hills, a district of Meghalaya, India, using a structured questionnaire. Exploration of influencing factors for transitioning is important to provide insights into how factors interact, thereby facilitating the development of effective adaptation strategies and policies that will ensure farmers’ future well-being. Results showed that settled farmers generate more income and possess more land area than semi-settled farmers. Besides available land area, a stable source of income for a family is a strong determinant for abandoning shifting cultivation and transitioning to settled agriculture to boost income with less time investment and labor. The farmers found that shifting cultivation helped meet their dietary needs and some income during the COVID-19 lockdown. Alongside efforts to boost commercial agriculture, the government should also assist farmers with limited resources in transitioning to settled agriculture by building market networks for the goods produced from shifting cultivation.
Biocontrol of Grey Mold on Strawberry Fruit by Bacillus spp. and Study of the Mechanisms Involved Ilham Barakat; Noureddine Chtaina; Kaoutar Caidi; Fatiha Bentata
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i2.84399

Abstract

Grey mold, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most prevalent diseases affecting strawberry plants (Fragaria ananassa). The objective of this study was to assess the antagonistic effect of 5 bacterial strains belonging to the genus Bacillus spp. (BA1, BF2, BB3, BI3, and BO4) against B. cinerea, tested both in vitro and in vivo on strawberry fruits. The strains exhibited antifungal activity against B. cinerea under in vitro conditions, both through direct confrontations and antibiosis tests, as well as through the effect of organic compounds. Strain BO4 could inhibit mycelial growth by 62.92% through direct confrontation and 64.58% through the secretion of volatile organic compounds. Additionally, the strain BF2 demonstrated a high antibiosis effect (74.64%) compared to the control at a concentration of 25%. Treating fruits with the bacterial suspension and culture filtrate of the 5 studied strains controlled grey mold growth in vivo, as indicated by low severity indices in strawberries treated with strains BI3, BF2, and BA1, marked by percentages of 24.44%, 24.44%, and 37.78%, respectively, for preventive treatment. The difference in the effectiveness of various strains depended on the treatment mode; preventive treatment proved to be more effective compared to curative treatment.
Potato Virus Y and Shallot Latent Virus of Kajoran Horticultural Production Center, Magelang Regency, Indonesia: Molecular Characterization Case Study Adyatma Irawan Santosa; Adenisa Hanifah Irbati; Krisnanda Surya Dharma; Belinda Winona; Reko Saputra Jaya; Annisa Lisa Andriyani; Chilya Qurrota A'yun
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i1.76737

Abstract

Kajoran Sub-district is a horticultural production center that supplies horticultural commodities for Central Java Province, especially Magelang. However, plant viral diseases of Kajoran have not been studied. This paper aimed to identify plant viral diseases in this horticultural production center. Some samples were taken: three potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) and three shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum), then tested respectively with RT-PCR, using two pairs of universal primers to detect Potyvirus and Carlavirus. The result showed two potato samples were infected by Potyvirus (potato virus Y/PVY) and three shallot samples by Carlavirus (shallot latent virus/SLV). GenBank accession no. OR180052 to OR180056 were assigned to the obtained partial sequences of the five isolates. The phylogenetic analysis makes the two new PVY Indonesian isolates in strain N group thus confirmed the presence of the first PVYN in Indonesia. The constructed SLV phylogenetic tree clusters the new three isolates with eight shallot isolates in a group and separated it from isolates from other plant species. The tested PVY isolates shared 95.2 to 100% nucleotide identities among them, while 78.9 to 98.5% identities were estimated among compared SLV isolates. This study expands our understanding of the genetic variation of PVY and SLV in Indonesia, potentially leading us to find the perfect management for the viruses.
Diversity of Knowledge-Sharing Behavior to Encourage the Practice of Robusta Coffee Red-Picking (Case Study of Temanggung Robusta Coffee Farmer, Indonesia) Hanifah Ihsaniyati; Sarwititi Sarwoprasodjo; Pudji Muljono; Dyah Gandasari
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i1.82647

Abstract

Red-picking is the key to good coffee quality and is essential for increasing farmers’ income, added value, competitiveness, and development. Knowledge-sharing is one solution to improve the knowledge confidence of farmers and the reach of dissemination of red-picking practices. This research aims to determine the diversity of knowledge-sharing behavior related to red-picking practices according to farmers’ socio-economic status. This research was conducted in a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative approach and case study strategy. According to specific characteristics, seven primary informants were determined by staged, purposive, and peer group discussions. Temanggung coffee stakeholders take part as supporting informants. Interviews, focus group discussions, social media and document observations, expert discussions, peer group discussions, literature reviews, and documentation were used to collect research data. The data were analyzed qualitatively using the NVivo 12 Plus. Research has found that diversity of knowledge-sharing tends to encourage red-picking practices. The research findings also stated that group farmers with an area of land ≤ 1 ha, younger generation group farmers, group farmers with roles as gathering traders, and group farmers who use social media have more diverse knowledge-sharing behaviors. The practice of red-picking can be encouraged by supporting farmers in carrying out knowledge-sharing activities with other farmers with different characteristics. This study implies that the resulting findings will enrich the concept of knowledge-sharing by describing how people utilize social and offline media in sharing knowledge to encourage red-picking practices.
Effect of Colchicine and Bio-catharantin on the DNA Relative Content and Stomatal Structure of Black Rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Jeliteng) Dwi Setyati; Mukhamad Su’udi; Dyah Retno Wulandari; Tri Handoyo; Fuad Bahrul Ulum
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i2.88279

Abstract

Black rice (Oryza sativa L. var. Jeliteng), known for its health benefits compared to white rice, faces challenges in productivity. Among varieties, this black rice is popular in Indonesia but shows low yield. Research on improving black rice through genetic manipulation with antimitotic substances is limited. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of colchicine and Bio-catharantin on the germination rate, DNA relative content, and stomatal structure of O. sativa L. var. Jeliteng. Seeds were treated with colchicine (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) and Bio-catharantin (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5%) at soaking durations of 12, 24, and 48 hours. Germination was assayed, ploidy was determined using flow cytometry, and stomatal traits, including size and density, were examined microscopically. The results showed that Bio-catharantin did not exhibit any toxic effects on germination rates, whereas colchicine reduced germination starting at 0.2% concentration. Both chemical agents modified the DNA relative content of Jeliteng black rice. Colchicine generally increased stomatal length and width while decreasing stomatal density, with significant changes at 0.3% concentration for 24 hours. Bio-catharantin also altered stomatal traits, enhancing length and width in most cases but significantly reducing density under certain conditions. Bio-catharantin emerged as a promising alternative to colchicine for inducing chromosomal mutations in plants, offering benefits in altered stomatal structures without the toxic effects on germination, compared to colchicine.
Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Farm Household Resilience to Natural Hazards Arini Wahyu Utami; Nadila Puspa Arum Widjanarko; Didik Indradewa; Aura Dhamira; Mutiarra Ridyo Arum; Fathi Alfinur Rizqi; Nurul Amri Komarudin; Din Prabaningtyas
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i1.79774

Abstract

This study portrays the roles of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) in the mitigation of natural hazards. Menoreh Hill in Kulon Progo experienced more than 200 landslides in 2022 and its communities implemented TEK to mitigate them. Hence, this research quantitatively analyzes the role of agriculture-related TEK, especially those applied in hilly areas, to support household resilience to natural hazards. Authors surveyed 106 farm households and interviewed eight key informants in Banjararum and Sidoharjo Villages, Kalibawang and Samigaluh Sub-districts, Kulon Progo Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. The descriptive statistics showed that farmers in both villages are highest in practicing alley cropping and integrated farming, while also applying mixed cropping, multiple cropping and locally based planting schedule (pranata mangsa). From binary logistic regression, authors found that TEK practices of multiple cropping, alley cropping and pranata mangsa support farm household resilience to natural hazards, especially landslides. The TEK practices serve as sources of buffer and adaptation capacity in the development of farm household resilience. Interestingly, mixed cropping and membership in farmer groups tend to weaken resilience, as mixed cropping often complicates the recovery efforts in the farmlands, and farmers’ groups are not conditioned to act promptly during hazards or disasters. While TEK has been proven to take roles in the mitigation and adaptation to natural hazards, there is a need to integrate scientific knowledge to improve its optimum benefits.
Nutrient Potential Mapping of Soils for Tea Plants Through Laboratory and Geostatistical Approaches Sajal Roy; Sanjida Akter; Shuva Das; Md. Sayem Ahmmed Ripon; Tanvina Islam Ritu; Nasrin Chowdhury
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v39i2.86660

Abstract

The assessment of nutrient potential is crucial for enhancing tea production and achieving sustainable agricultural goals. Thus, the present study was carried out to assess and map the soil nutrient potential for tea plants through laboratory and geostatistical methods. A total of 74 random soil samples with 3 replications were collected from 0 to 9 cm (topsoil) and 9 to 18 cm (subsoil) depths from Oodaleah Tea Garden (OTG) which belongs to Fatikchhari Upazila of Chattogram District in Bangladesh. All the laboratory analyses were done following standard procedures and maps of individual soil indices were prepared through the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique using ArcGIS 10.7 software. The integration of maps for nutrient potential was performed following the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The mean concentrations of organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AvP), available potassium (AvK), and available calcium (AvCa) were found higher at 0 to 9 cm compared to 9 to 18 cm soil depth with significant (p < 0.05) difference among the sampling sites. The maps of individual soil parameters revealed distinct spatial differences at 0 to 9 cm and 9 to 18 cm soil depths. The total study area covered 5.99 km2. Integrated nutrient potential mapping showed that moderately suitable (44.15%) accounted for the largest proportion, followed by highly suitable (26.03%), generally suitable (21.67%), marginally suitable (7.06%), and unsuitable area (1.08%) of the tea plantation suitability evaluation. The integrated map of nutrient potential will aid in better management of the tea soils.

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