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The intakes of vitamin d and zinc and the menstrual periods of the high-school adolescent girls Sunarto Tetes Lugito; Dono Indarto; Diffah Hanim
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 6 ISSUE 3, 2018
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Menstruasi adalah salah satu proses fisiologis dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sistem reproduksi remaja putri yang membutuhkan asupan zat gizi yang memadai. Zinc digunakan sebagai kofaktor pada reseptor estrogen dan progestron sedangkan vitamin D belum diketahui fungsinya dalam mengatur siklus menstruasi. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara asupan vitamin D dan zinc dan durasi menstruasi pada remaja putri. Metode: Sebanyak 154 remaja putri kelas X dan XI dari dua SMA di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah berpartisipasi dalam studi cross-sectional ini. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi: usia 15-18 tahun dan tidak sedang menstruasi. Data antropometri dikumpulkan dengan pengukuran berat badan (kg) dan tinggi badan(m) sedangkan asupan vitamin D dan zinc diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner food recall 24 jam dalam 3 hari bergantian. Uji chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk menganalisis variabel penelitian dengan nilai signifikansi <0,05. Hasil: Semua remaja putri memiliki asupan vitamin D yang tidak adekuat dan 89% diantaranya memiliki asupan zinc yang tidak adekuat. Durasi menstruasi yang panjang terjadi pada 8,4 % remaja putri. Asupan vitamin D yang kurang (OR=4,57; 95% CI = 0,943-22,154; p=0,059) memperpanjang durasi menstruasi sedangkan dan asupan zinc yang kurang (OR=0,247; 95% CI=0,073-0,835; p=0,024) memperpendek durasi menstruasi, dibandingkan dengan asupan vitamin D dan zinc yang cukup pada remaja putri. Kesimpulan: Asupan vitamin D yang kurang meningkatkan durasi menstruasi tetapi asupan zinc yang kurang justru menurunkan durasi menstruasi remaja putri SMA di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Edukasi gizi di perlukan untuk meningkatkan asupan mikronutrien untuk mempertahankan durasi menstruasi. KATA KUNCI : asupan vitamin D, asupan zinc, menstruasi, remaja putri.ABSTRACTBackground: Menstruation is one of the physiological processes on growth and development of the reproductive system in adolescent girls who need adequate nutrient intake. Zinc is used as a cofactor for estrogen and progestron receptors, while vitamin D has not been known to regulate the menstrual cycle. Insufficient food intake can interfere with the duration of menstruation. Objectives: To analyse the relationship between the intakes of vitamin D and zinc and the menstrual periods of the adolescent girls.Methods: A total of 154 tenth- and eleventh-grade girl students from two senior high schools in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java participated in this cross-sectional study. They were chosen using purposive-sampling technique with the following inclusion criteria: age of 15-18 years and not menstruating. The anthropometric data were collected by the measurement of Body Weight(kg) and Body Height (m) while the data of vitamin D and zinc intakes were obtained using a 24-hour-food-recall questionnaire in 3 alternating days. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the research variables with the significance value of < 0.05. Results: All adolescent girls had inadequate vitamin D intake and 89% of them had inadequate zinc intake. Long menstrual duration occurred in 8.4% of the adolescent girls. The deficient intake of vitamin D (OR = 4.57. 95% CI = 0.943-22.154; p = 0.059) lengthened the menstrual period whereas deficient zinc intake, (OR = 0.247. 95% CI = 0.073-0.835; p = 0.024) shortened it compared with adequate vitamin D and zinc intakes in adolescent girls.Conclusions: The deficient intake of vitamin D increases the menstrual duration, but the deficient intake of zinc actually lowers the menstrual period of high-school girls in Sukoharjo Regency. Nutritional education is needed to increase micro-nutrient intakes to maintain menstrual duration. KEYWORDS: adolescent girls, menstruation, vitamin D intake, zinc intake.

Analisis determinan stunting pada baduta di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas tahun 2016 Basri Aramico; Zamratul Husna
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 4 NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2016
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackgrounds: Stunting remains a problem that still needs to be considered by the government, because children with stunting decreased of intelligence (IQ) than children who are not stunting. Optimal growth can only be achieved by the intake of nutritious food and a healthy environment. In 2013, the prevalence of stunting in Aceh amounted to 37.2% consisted of 18% very short and 19.2% short. Based on the results of monitoring nutritional status report from Public Health Office in Pidie Jaya, the prevalence of stunting increased in the last two years. That percentage increased from 14.8% in 2014 and become 17% in 2015.Objectives: This study aims to determine of stunting of BADUTA in Puskesmas Ulim, Pidie Jaya district in the year of 2016.Methods: This research design is descriptive analytic by cross-sectional. The population in this study is all mothers who have BADUTA in Puskesmas Ulim in total of 75 respondents. The sampling method used is cluster sampling with total samples taken by 20% of the entire population from every six villagers from 30 villages. The primary data obtained directly by measuring the length of the child's body and through questionnaires by interview. The statistical test used is Chi-Square Test.Results: The study showed that 66.7% children experienced stunting, 70.7% children has less nutrition, 85.3% children does not received exclusive breastfeeding, 8.0% children with low birth weight babies, and 80.0% having infectious diseases. From the statistical analysis it can be concluded that there is a relationship between nutrient intake (p-value= 0.000), breastfeeding (p-value= 0.000), and infectious diseases (p-value= 0.029) with stunting. However, there is no relation between low birth weight (LBW) (p-value= 0.079) with stunting for BADUTA.Conclusions: There is significant correlation between nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, infection disease with stunting of BADUTA meanwhile there is no significant correlation between LBW babies with stunting in Puskesmas Ulim at Pidie Jaya district.Keywords: stunting, nutrient intake, exclusive breastfeeding, LBW, and infectious diseases ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting masih menjadi masalah yang harus diperhatikan pemerintah, dikarenakan anak penderita stunting mangalami penurunan intelligence quotient (IQ) dibandingkan dengan anak yang tidak stunting. Pertumbuhan yang optimal hanya dapat dicapai dengan asupan makanan yang bergizi serta lingkungan yang sehat. Tahun 2013 prevalensi stunting di Aceh sebesar 37,2 % terdiri dari 18,0% sangat pendek dan 19,2 % pendek. Berdasarkan hasil laporan pemantau status gizi Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Pidie Jaya prevalensi stunting mengakami peningkatan dakam dua tahun terakhir. Persentase peningkatan tersebut pada tahun 2014 sebesar 14,8%, meningkat menjadi 17% pada tahun 2015.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis determinan stunting pada baduta di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ulim Kabupaten Pidie Jaya Tahun 2016. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki baduta di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ulim sebanyak 75 responden, dengan metode sampling yang dipilih adalah cluster sampling, sampel yang akan diambil sebesar 20% dari seluruh populasi, dengan teknik gugus adalah dengan mengambil 6 desa dari 30 desa. Data primer diperoleh langsung melalui pengukuran panjang badan anak dan melalui kuesioner dengan cara wawancara. Uji statistik yang digunakan yaitu uji chi-square test.Hasil: penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak (66,7%) anak mengalami stunting, asupan gizi yang kurang (70,7%), yang tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif (85,3%), yang bayi berat lahir rendah (8,0%), dan yang ada penyakit infeksi (80,0%). Dari analisa statistik dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara asupan gizi (p=0,000), pemberian ASI (p=0,000), penyakit infeksi (p=0,029), dan tidak ada hubungan berat bayi lahir rendah (p=0,079) dengan stunting pada baduta. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan gizi, pemberian ASI Ekslusif, penyakit Infeksi dengan stunting pada baduta, dan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara bayi berat lahir rendah dengan stunting pada baduta di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Ulim Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. KATA KUNCI: stunting, asupan gizi, ASI eksklusif, BBLR, penyakit infeksi

Pola konsumsi air, susu dan produk susu, serta minuman manis sebagai faktor risiko obesitas pada anak sekolah dasar di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul Yayah Lakoro; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 2, MEI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Sweet drinks are suspected as the cause of the incidence of obesity in children. Unhealthy milk and milk product containing fat and high glucose can become one of risk factors of the incidence of obesity whereas water is healthy drink without calori that can help manage weight.Objective: To identify consumption pattern of drinks in obese children.Method: The study was a case control, involving obese elementary school children as cases and elementary school children with normal weight as control. Locations of the study were Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul. Sampling method used probability proportional to size (PPS). There were 488 samples comprising 244 cases and 244 controls. Matching was made to the school of origin on condition that case and control students were at the same grade. Statistical test used McNemar and logistic regression to identify variables of risk factors. Result: There was difference in characteristics of gender between the two groups (p=0.03). Average amount of water and sweet drink consumption in obese children signiﬁ cantly differed from non obese children, subsequently 243.8 mL/ day (±2½ cup/day) and 397.3 mL/day (± 2 cup/day), whereas avarage amount of consumption of unhealthy milk and milk product in obese and non obese children showed no signiﬁ cant difference. The result of McNemar test showed that consumption of water and sweet drink was associated with the incidence of obesity in children at Yogyakarta Municipality and District of Bantul with score of OR 2.1 (95% CI:1.4–3.05) and OR 3.1 (95% CI: 2.1–4.5), whereas consumption of unhealthy milk and milk product showed no signiﬁ cant difference. The result of regression test showed that sweet drink was dominant risk factor of the incidence of obesity in children (R²= 0.071).Conclusion: Consumption of water and sweet drink was associated with the incidence of obesity in children. Consumption of sweet drink could affect consumption of water, whereby higher comsumption of sweet drink meant lower consumption of water. Nutrition education embedded in the curriculum could be used as an alternative of obesity prevention in children by changing or building healthy lifestyle. KEYWORDS: risk factors, obese children, consumption of water, consumption of sweet drinkABSTRAKLatar belakang: Minuman manis diduga kuat sebagai penyebab terjadinya obesitas pada anak. Susu dan produk susu yang tidak sehat yang mengandung lemak dan gula tinggi dapat menjadi salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya obesitas, sedangkan air putih merupakan minuman sehat tanpa kalori yang dapat membantu manajemen berat badan.Tujuan: Mengetahui pola konsumsi minuman pada anak obesitas.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah anak SD yang mengalami obesitas, kontrol adalah anak SD yang dengan berat badan normal. Lokasi penelitian di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode probability proportional to size (PPS). Jumlah sampel adalah 488 sampel terdiri dari 244 kasus dan 244 kontrol. Pada subyek penelitian dilakukan matching asal sekolah dengan ketentuan siswa kasus dan kontrol berasal dari kelas yang sama. Uji statistic McNemar dan regresi logistik dilakukan untuk mengidentiﬁ kasi variabel yang merupakan faktor risiko.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan karakteristik jenis kelamin antara kedua kelompok (p=0,03). Rata-rata jumlah konsumsi air putih dan minuman manis pada anak obes berbeda secara signiﬁ kan dibandingkan dengan anak tidak obes, berturut-turut adalah 243,8 mL/hari (±2½ gelas/hari) dan 397,3 mL/hari (± 2 gelas/hari), sedangkan rata-rata jumlah konsumsi susu dan produk susu tidak sehat pada anak obes dan tidak obes, tidak berbeda secara signiﬁkan. Uji Mc Nemar menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi air putih dan minuman manis berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul dengan nilai OR 2,1 (95% CI:1,4–3,05) dan OR 3,1 (95% CI: 2,1–4,5), sedangkan pada konsumsi susu dan produk susu tidak sehat tidak berbeda secara signiﬁ kan. Uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa minuman manis merupakan faktor risiko dominan terhadap kejadian obesitas pada anak (R²= 0,071).Kesimpulan: Konsumsi air putih dan minuman manis berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak bahwa konsumsi minuman manis dapat mempengaruhi konsumsi air putih. Semakin tinggi konsumsi minuman manis, maka konsumsi air putih akan semakin rendah. Pendidikan gizi yang dimasukkan dalam kurikulum sekolah dapat dijadikan alternatif pencegahan obesitas pada anak dengan cara mengubah atau membentuk gaya hidup sehat.KATA KUNCI : faktor risiko, obesitas anak, konsumsi minuman, minuman manis

Tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dengan status gizi balita di daerah rawan pangan Kabupaten Indramayu Slamet Rohaedi; Madarina Julia; I Made Alit Gunawan
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 2, NOMOR 2, MEI 2014
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Nutrition is the main pillar of health and welfare of human’s life cycle. The building of quality human resources that are healthy, smart and productive depends on numerous factors; one most essential is the fulfillment of nutritious food. Food security is a problem that has become topic of discussion because it is related to human right and development of human resources.Objectives: To analyze association between level of food security in the household and nutritional status of underfives.Methods: The study used analytical observational approach with cross-sectional design. Population of the study were households at high risk food scarcity area of Indramayu District that had underfives. Subject of the study that became part of the population were underfives of 24-60 months old. Samples were taken randomly, comprising 160 underfives. Data analysis was made in stages using statistical test to prove the hypothesis. The test used univariate with frequency distribution, bivariate with chi-square and Mantel-Haenzel and multivariate with logistic correlation regression.Results: There was signifi cant association between food security of the household and nutrition status of underfives OR=9.5 (CI 95%) and p<0.0001.Conclusions: There was significant association between level of food security of the household and nutritional status of underfives.KEYWORS: food security, household, underfives, nutritional statusABSTRAKLatar belakang: Gizi adalah pilar utama dari kesehatan dan kesejahteraan sepanjang siklus kehidupan. Terbentuknya sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas, yaitu sumber daya manusia yang sehat, cerdas, dan produktif ditentukan oleh berbagai faktor. Salah satu faktor yang sangat esensial adalahterpenuhinya kebutuhan pangan yang bergizi. Ketahanan pangan merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang menjadi agenda pembicaraan karena berkaitan dengan hak azasi manusia, pembangunan sumber daya manusia.Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dengan status gizi anak balita.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan jenis penelitian observasional dan rancangan penelitian cross sectional (potong-lintang). Populasi penelitian adalah rumah tangga di daerah rawan pangan Kabupaten Indramayu yang memiliki balita. Subjek penelitian yang merupakan bagian daripopulasi adalah anak balita usia 24-60 bulan. Cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Besarnya sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 160 anak balita. Analisis data dilakukan secara bertahap, yaitu analisis data dilakukan dengan uji statistik untuk membuktikan hipotesis penelitian. Teknik uji statistik yang digunakan adalah univariat dengan distribusi frekuensi, bivariat dengan kai-kuadrat, stratifi kasi-Mantel-Haenszel, sedangkan multivariat dengan regresi korelasi logistik.Hasil: Ketahanan pangan tingkat rumah tangga dengan status gizi anak balita memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan OR=9,5 (CI 95%) dan p<0,0001.Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dengan status gizi balita.KATA KUNCI: ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, status gizi, anak balita

Kebiasaan sarapan tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Irma Yunawati; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, MEI 2015
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: School age children are the future generation. Improvement the quality of human resources should be done early. One of factors affecting the quality of human resources is the nutritional status. Breakfast contributes in nutritional intake (15-25% RDA). Skipping of breakfast makes the body decreasing of glucose. It makes body to unload supplies of energy from fat tissue and cause of weight reduction.Objectives: To determine the relationship between breakfast habits with the nutritional status of elementary school children in Nusa Tenggara Timur Province.Methods: This was an observational study with cross-sectional design. This study used the secondary data of Alma Ata Centre for Healthy Life and Food (ACHEAF) 2013. The subjects were children from elementary school of classes between II-VI in Amanuban Barat and Kie Subdistrict, Timor Tengah SelatanDistrict with total sample of 313 students. Sample were selected by cluster random sampling technique using computer generated random number software. Data analysis used chi-square test with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% to the level of significance of p<0.05. Analysis by logistic regression was done if itshowed significance result.Results: The proportion of breakfast habits of school children was 82.11%. Most widely consumed breakfast type (78,32%) was rice (rice porridge and rice) and the other (21.68%) were non-rice eating breakfast (bose corn, yam/cassava, boiled bananas, instant noodles, corn porridge, bread/cooky). The contribution of breakfast energy intake is 13.94% RDA and protein intake was 14.4% RDA. There was no relationship between breakfast habits and nutritional status of elementary school children.Conclusions: Breakfast habits was not related with the nutritional status of school children in Amanuban Barat and Kie Sub-district.KEYWORDS: breakfast habits, nutritional status, school childrenABSTRAKLatar belakang: Anak usia sekolah merupakan generasi penerus bangsa. Upaya peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) harus dilakukan sejak dini. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas SDM yaitu status gizi. Sarapan memiliki kontribusi dalam memenuhi asupan gizi, menyumbangkan 15-25% AKG. Melewatkan sarapan membuat tubuh kekurangan glukosa sehingga tubuh membongkar persediaan tenaga dari jaringan lemak tubuh dan menyebabkan penurunan berat badan.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan sarapan terhadap status gizi anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Alma Ata Centre for Healthy Life and Food (ACHEAF ) 2013. Subjek penelitian adalah anak sekolah dasar kelas II-VI di Kecamatan Amanuban Barat dan Kie, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan dengan total sampel sebanyak 313 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling menggunakan software computer generated random number. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square dengan confi dence interval (CI) 95% pada tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05 dan hasil analisis data yang bemakna dilanjutkan dengan uji regresi logistik.Hasil: Proporsi kebiasaan sarapan anak sekolah adalah 82,11%. Jenis sarapan yang paling banyak dikonsumsi adalah sarapan beras (bubur nasi dan nasi) sebesar 78,32% dan sebanyak 21,68% mengonsumsi sarapan non-beras (jagung bose, ubi/singkong, pisang rebus, mie instan, bubur jagung, roti/kue). Kontribusi asupan energi sarapan sebesar 13,94% AKG dan asupan protein sarapan sebesar 14,4% AKG. Tidak ada hubungan antara kebiasaan sarapan dengan status gizi pada anak sekolah.Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan sarapan tidak berhubungan dengan status gizi anak sekolah di Kecamatan Amanuban Barat dan Kie.KATA KUNCI: kebiasaan sarapan, anak sekolah, status gizi

Pelatihan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader puskesmas dalam penerapan standar pemantauan pertumbuhan balita di Kota Bitung Dewanti Evita; Abdillah Mursyid; Tri Siswati
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 1, NOMOR 1, JANUARI 2013
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACT Background: Growth monitoring is one of major program of nutrition improvement that emphasizes on efforts to maintain and improve nutritional status of underﬁ ves. Technically, some errors often occur such as the use of inappropriate and non-calibrated scale, errors in placing the scale, and in reading the result of weighing. To improve knowledge, skills, and compliance of cadres, it is necessary to conduct training on growth monitoring standard of underﬁ ves in order that cadres can improve the capacity in evaluating growth and improve their effectiveness and efﬁ ciency in working at the integrated post (posyandu).Objective: To identify the effect of training to the improvement of knowledge, skills, and compliance of cadres in implementing growth monitoring standard of underﬁ ves at Bitung Municipality, North Sulawesi. Method: The study was a quasi experiment which used non-equivalent control group design. It was carried out at Bitung Barat and Aer Tembaga Health Center of Bitung Municipality, North Sulawesi to the two groups of cadres. The experiment group consisted of 44 cadres who got training twice, each was carried out a month before the evaluation on knowledge, skills, and compliance. The control group consisted of 46 cadres that got modul of growth monitoring standard of underﬁ ves. Research instruments used were questionnaire/checklist of knowledge, skills, and compliance. The result was analyzed using Chi-Square.Result: Training improved knowledge and skills of cadres in implementing growth standard of underﬁ ves. This was indicated from average knowledge of the experiment group during pre test as much as 0.328+0.086, post-test 1 as much as 0.335+0.554, post-test 2 as much as 0.328+0.106. Average skills of experiment group during pre-test were 0.446+0.067, post-test 1 was 0.549+0.544, post-test 2 was 0.873±0.106. Average compliance of the experiment group during pre-test was 0.457+1.08, post-test 1 was 0.548+0.321, post-test 2 was 0.542±0.365. This was indicated from average knowledge of the control group during pre- test as much as 0.122+0.155, post-test 1 as much as 0.154+0.856, post-test 2 as much as 0.195+0.235. Average skills of control group during pre-test was 0.366+0.103, post-test 1 was 0.431+0.856, post-test 2 was 0.426+0.235. Average compliance of the control group during pre-test was 0.352+0.363, post-test 1 was 0.362+0.363, post-test 2 was 0.365±0.368. The result of statistical analysis in average difference was p=0.000 for knowledge, p=0.000 for skills and p=0.004 for compliance in post-test 2, showing that the improvement was signiﬁ cant (p<0.05).Conclusion: There was signiﬁ cant improvement in knowledge skills and compliance of cadres who got training on the implementation of growth monitoring standard of underﬁ ves at Posyandu. KEYWORDS: training, cadres, posyandu, growth standard of underﬁ vesABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pemantauan pertumbuhan merupakan salah satu kegiatan utama program perbaikan gizi yang menitik beratkan pada upaya pencegahan dan peningkatan keadaan gizi balita. Secara teknis, sering ditemui beberapa kesalahan antara lain dalam menggunakan timbangan yang tidak layak dan tidak dikalibrasi dan dalam pemasangan timbangan dan pembacaan hasil. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kepatuhan kader, perlu diadakan pelatihan standar pemantauan pertumbuhan balita agar kader dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dalam menilai pertumbuhan, serta meningkatkan efektivitas dan eﬁ siensi kerjanya di posyandu.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kepatuhan kader dalam menerapkan standar pemantauan pertumbuhan balita di Kota Bitung, Sulawesi Utara.Metode:Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan non-equivalent control group design, berlokasi di Puskesmas Bitung Barat dan Puskesmas Aertembaga, Kota Bitung, Sulawesi Utara. Kelompok perlakuan adalah kader Puskesmas Aertembaga yang berjumlah 44 orang yang mendapat pelatihan standar pemantauan pertumbuhan balita 2 kali. Setiap pelatihan dilaksanakan 2 hari dan evaluasi pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kepatuhan 1 bulan setelah pelatihan. Kelompok pembanding kader adalah Puskesmas Bitung Barat berjumlah 46 orang yang mendapat modul standar pemantauan pertumbuhan balita. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan T-test,Chi-Square dan uji multivariat. Alat penelitian adalah kuesioner/Cheklist pengetahuan, daftar tilik keterampilan, dan kepatuhan.Hasil: Pelatihan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kader untuk menerapkan standar pertumbuhan balita. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai rerata pengetahuan kelompok perlakuan pada pretest sebesar 0,328±0,086, post-test 1 sebesar 0,335±0,554, post-test 2 sebesar 0,328±0,106 Nilai rerata keterampilan kelompok perlakuan pada pretest sebesar 0,446±0,067, post-test 1 sebesar 0,549±0,554, post-test 2 sebesar0,873±0,106. Nilai rerata kepatuhan kelompok perlakuan pada pretest sebesar 0,457±0,108, post-test 1 sebesar 0,548±0,321, post-test 2 sebesar 0,542±0,365. Pada kelompok pembanding, nilai rerata pengetahuan pretest sebesar 0,122±1.55, post-test 1 sebesar 0,154±856, post-test 2 sebesar 0,195±0,235. Nilai rerata keterampilan pretest sebesar0,366±0,103, post-test 1 sebesar 0,431±0,856, post-test 2 sebesar 0,426±0,235. Nilai rerata kepatuhan pretest sebesat 0,359± 0,108,post-test 1 sebesar 0,362±0,363, post-test 2 0,365±0,368. Hasil analisis statistik beda rerata antara kelompok perlakuan dan pembanding menunjukkan peningkatan yang bermakna (p<0.05). Beda rerata peningkatan kelompok perlakuan dari pretest ke post-test 2 pengetahuan dari 0,047 menjadi 0,364, keterampilan dari 0,103 menjadi 0,427 dan kepatuhan dari 0,091 menjadi -0,085Kesimpulan: Dengan pelatihan standar pemantauan pertumbuhan balita, pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kepatuhan kader meningkat secara bermakna dibandingkan hanya diberikan modul.KATA KUNCI: pelatihan, kader posyandu, standar pertumbuhan balita

Status gizi, kadar hemoglobin, ureum, dan kreatinin pasien konseling gizi hemodialisa Kristiawan P. A. Nugroho; Sarlina Palimbong; Fransiska M. Santoso Putri; Puji Astuti; Ike Listiyowati
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 5, NOMOR 1, 2017
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground : Patients who are undergoing hemodialysis therapy must know which foods that may be consumed including foods containing animal protein, low potassium, and low salt. The role of nutritionists is needed to provide nutritional counseling related to dietary adjustment. Studies that have been conducted by previous researchers are about diet from hemodialysis patients and the various factors that affect dietary compliance of patients, but no one has been studying the relation related to nutritional status, hemoglobin, ureum, and creatinine levels before and after doing a counseling that also has a relationship with diet and dietary compliance for hemodialysis patients.Objectives : To analyze the relationship of nutritional status, hemoglobin, ureum, and creatinine levels of hemodialysis patients before and after doing nutritional counseling in RSUD Ungaran. Methods : The study used a descriptive quantitaive method with one group pretest posttest design with cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in Hemodialysis Unit of RSUD Ungaran with a total sampling of 30 hemodialysis patient. Primary data were obtained from respondent’s data entry and FFQ, observation, and interviews. Secondary data were obtained from respondent’s medical records include the level of hemoglobin, urea, and cretinine. Data were analyzed using SPSS programme with Paired t Test. Results : The results of SPSS analysis showed that probability value from urea men 0,016 < 0,05 and urea women – hemoglobin men and women – creatinin men and women overall 0,000 < 0,05, which means that the average levels of those components before and after doing a nutritional counseling is different.Conclusions : A nutritional counseling indicate any change in the nutritional status of the entire hemodialysis patients, based on hemoglobin levels increased, while urea and creatinine levels decreased; but all those components are not in the normal category. Levels of hemoglobin, urea, and creatinine is changed within a period of one month after the implementation of individual nutritional counseling. It indicates that nutritional counseling efforts were given has a positive benefit for the patients to gain knowledge about dietary adjustments and implement the recommended diet in order to optimize the work of renal function excessively.KEYWORDS : nutritional status, hemodialysis, eating behavior, nutritional counseling

Faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua serta hubungannya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan Nur Afia Amin; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 2, NOMOR 3, SEPTEMBER 2014
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: Stunting is linear growth disturbance indicated by the value of the z-score of TB/U less than -2 SD. There are various factors associated with the incidence of stunting. Social demographics such as low income, low parental education and the number of members in the household, also indirectly related to the incidence of stunting. Parental height is also associated with the incidence of stunting. Short mothers have the possibility of having short baby. The results of the study in Egypt showed that children born from mothers with the height of <150 cm have a higher risk to be stunted.Objectives: To determine whether sociodemographic factors and parental height were risk factors for the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sedayu Subdistrict, Bantul, Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used case-control study. The research was conducted in April-June 2014 in the Sedayu Subdistrict. Number of samples were 252 children aged 6-23 months. The instruments were a questionnaire to determine the identity of children, the identity of respondents, nutritional status, and sociodemographic data. Infantometer used to measure the length of the children body and microtoise to measure the height of parents. Bivariate analysis using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression test.Results: The prevalence of children stunting was 16.20%. Bivariate test showed that the height of mothers significantly associated with the incidence of stunting. Multivariate analysis showed that the most influential factors to the was maternal height, while variables of employment, education, income, expenditure, number of family members, and height of father did not show significant results.Conclusions: Maternal height were the risk factor for the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sedayu Subdistrict, but sociodemographic were not.KEYWORDS: stunting, sociodemographic, parental heightABSTRAKLatar belakang: Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan linier yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai skor-z TB/U kurang dari -2SD. Terdapat berbagai macam faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Faktor sosial demografi , meliputi pendapatan yang rendah, pendidikan orang tua yang rendah, dan jumlah anggota dalam rumah tangga secara tidak langsung juga berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Tinggi badan orang tua juga berkaitan dengan kejadian stunting. Ibu yang pendek memiliki kemungkinan melahirkan bayi yang pendek pula. Hasil penelitian di Mesir menunjukkan bahwa anak yang lahir dari ibu dengan tinggi badan <150 cm memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk tumbuh menjadi stunting.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua sebagai faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6–23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul, Yogyakarta.Metode: Desain penelitian adalah case-control. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juni 2014 di Kecamatan Sedayu. Besar sampel yang diambil sebesar 252 balita usia 6-23 bulan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner untuk mengetahui identitas balita, identitas responden, status gizi balita, dan data sosiodemografi. Infantometer digunakan untuk mengukur panjang badan balita dan microtoise untuk mengukur tinggi badan orang tua. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik.Hasil : Dalam penelitian ini diketahui prevalensi kejadian stunting di Kecamatan Sedayu sebesar 16,20%. Hasil uji bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas yaitu tinggi badan ibu (p=0,01) menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian stunting. Hasil uji multivariat membuktikan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh dengan stunting yaitu tinggi badan ibu. Variabel pekerjaan, pendidikan, pendapatan dan pengeluaran, jumlah anggota keluarga, dan tinggi badan ayah tidak menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna terhadap kejadian stunting.Kesimpulan: Faktor sosioemografi bukan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting, namun tinggi badan ibu merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan di Kecamatan Sedayu, Bantul,Yogyakarta.KATA KUNCI: stunting, sosiodemografi , tinggi badan orang tua

Peran lurah, petugas kesehatan, dan kader dalam partisipasi ibu balita ke posyandu di wilayah cakupan D/S terendah dan tertinggi di Kota Jambi Kanda Sihombing; BJ. Istiti Kandarina; Sumarni Sumarni
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 3, NOMOR 2, MEI 2015
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: IHP (Integrated health post) is a form of UKBM (Community Resources Based-Health Effort) that is managed and administered from, by for and together with community in health development IHP administration involved many parties such as cadres, health staff and village head. Rawasari PrimaryHealth Care had the lowest coverage level of D/S (33.2%), while Olak Kemang Primary Health Care had the highest D/S coverage (81.98%).Objectives: To study thoroughly the role of village head, health staff, and cadres in increasing the participation of underfive’s mothers to visit IHP.Methods: This was descriptive study used qualitative method by phonological approach. Informants were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was performed by 2 methods, in-depth interview to 16 informants and focus group discussion (FGD) to 28 informants. Data validity was performed by sourceand method of triangulation.Results: Village head, nutrition staffs, health cadres, PKK woman and community figures from the highest D/S coverage area took a role in increasing participation of the mother of underfive, but they who were from the lowest D/S coverage did not. They contributed in different way in increasing their participation. Head villages gave the motivation and direction, nutrition staffs attended the IHP, cadres took a role by arrange arisan and ballon provision, and PKK’S woman delegated their member to attend IHP monthly (highest D/S) but they whom from the lowest D/S coverage area did not.Conclusion: Village head, nutrition staffs, health cadres, PKK woman, and community figures in highest D/S coverage area took a role in increasing participation of underfive’s mothers to visit IHP, but they who where from the lowest D/S coverage did not. The Innovation a creativity encourage the mothers to visit IHP.KEYWORDS: village head, health staff, cadre, PKK woman, community figure, woman who had underfiveABSTRAKLatar belakang: Posyandu merupakan bentuk upaya kesehatan bersumber daya masyarakat (UKBM) yang dikelola dan diselenggarakan dari, oleh, untuk dan bersama masyarakat dalam pembangunan kesehatan. Terselenggaranya posyandu melibatkan banyak pihak di antaranya kader, petugas kesehatan dan Lurah. Puskesmas Rawasari dengan tingkat cakupan D/S terendah yaitu 33,2%, dan Puskesmas Olak Kemang dengan cakupan D/S tertinggi yaitu 81,98%.Tujuan: Mengkaji secara mendalam peran lurah, petugas kesehatan, dan kader dalam meningkatkan partisipasi ibu balita ke posyandu. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan dipilih secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan 2 metode, wawancara mendalam terhadap 16 orang informan dan diskusi kelompok terfokus (DKT) terhadap 28 orang informan. Keabsahan data dengan melakukan triangulasi sumber dan metode.Hasil: Lurah, petugas gizi, kader, ibu PKK, dan tokoh masyarakat dari wilayah cakupan D/S tertinggi berperan dalam meningkatkan partisipasi ibu balita namun di wilayah D/S terendah tidak. Masing-masing berkontiribusi dengan cara yang berbeda misalnya lurah memberikan motivasi dan arahan, petugas gizi datang ke posyandu, kader membuat arisan dan membagikan balon saat posyandu, dan ibu PKK mendelegasikan salah satu anggota untuk datang ke posyandu setiap bulan (D/S tertinggi). Sementara kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut tidak dilakukan di wilayah D/S terendah.Kesimpulan: Lurah, petugas gizi, kader, ibu PKK dan tokoh masyarakat (D/S terendah) tidak berperan dan lurah, petugas gizi, kader, ibu PKK dan tokoh masyarakat (D/S tertinggi) berperan. Adanya inovasi dan kreativitas dari kader di Puskesmas Olak Kemang (D/S tertinggi) dapat mendorong ibu balita untukhadir ke posyandu.KATA KUNCI: partisipasi ibu, posyandu, kader, petugas kesehatan, tokoh masyarakat

Rendahnya asupan zat besi dan kepatuhan mengonsumsi tablet besi berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas I Kembaran, Banyumas Ari Purwoko Widji Utomo; Detty Siti Nurdiati; Retna Siwi Padmawati
Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) VOLUME 3, NOMOR 1, JANUARI 2015
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

ABSTRACTBackground: One of the nutritional problems that frequently occur in pregnant women is anemia, which is the biggest problem of micronutrient and the most difficult to overcome in the world. Anemia occurs at all stages of the life cycle, more commonly attacked pregnant women and children. The cause of anemiais iron deficiency which is needed to the formation of a hemoglobin (Hb). Deficiency of iron in the body is due to lack of consumption of food sources of iron and the non-compliance of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets. Supplementation of iron tablets and improvement of nutrient intake especiallygood source of iron is one of anemia prevention that has been done.Objectives: To determine the relationship between nutrient intake and the level of compliance in consuming iron tablets with incidence of anemia in pregnant women at work area of Puskesmas I Kembaran Banyumas.Methods: This was an observational study (survey) with a cross sectional design with 50 subjects of the third trimester pregnant women. The research used both quantitative and qualitative approaches.Results: The percentage of anemia in pregnant women in this study was 56.0%. The results of the multivariable analysis showed that only compliance-related iron tablets consumption significantly had relationship (p=0.001, RP=3.7, 95% CI:2.06-6.82) with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. The high cost of animal food sources, the limitation of animal food sources diversity, and the dislike animal food sources consumption caused pregnant women choosing plant-based foods that where cheap and easily obtainable.Conclusions: This study proved that the intake of nutrients, especially iron and compliance of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets was still be the cause of anemia in pregnant women. Therefore, it needs to reduce and prevent maternal anemia by increasing the diversity of the consumption of iron foodsources, awareness of pregnant women to consume iron tablets, and the role of husband in encouraging pregnant women to consume iron tablets.KEYWORDS: anemia, compliance in consuming iron tablets, nutrient intakeABSTRAKLatar belakang: Salah satu masalah gizi yang banyak terjadi pada ibu hamil adalah anemia gizi, yang merupakan masalah gizi mikro terbesar dan tersulit diatasi di seluruh dunia. Hasil Riskesdas tahun 2010 menunjukkan 80,7% wanita usia subur (WUS) yang hamil mendapat/membeli tablet besi, namun sebagianbesar diketahui tidak patuh mengonsumsinya. Kekurangan besi dalam tubuh disebabkan kurangnya konsumsi makanan sumber zat besi dan ketidakpatuhan ibu hamil mengonsumsi tablet besi. Suplementasi tablet besi dan perbaikan asupan zat gizi terutama sumber zat besi merupakan upaya penanggulangananemia yang banyak dilakukan.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi dan tingkat kepatuhan mengonsumsi tablet besi dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas I Kembaran Kabupaten Banyumas.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional (survey) dengan rancangan cross sectional dengan subjek penelitian 50 ibu hamil trimester III. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif.Hasil: Persentase anemia pada ibu hamil sebesar 56,0%. Hasil analisis multivariat hanya kepatuhan mengonsumsi tablet besi yang berhubungan bermakna (p=0,001, RP=3,7; 95% CI:2,06-6,82) dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Harga sumber makanan hewani yang mahal, keanekaragaman sumber makanan hewani yang terbatas, dan ketidaksukaan mengonsumsi sumber makanan hewani menyebabkan ibu hamil memilih sumber makanan nabati yang murah dan mudah didapat.Kesimpulan: Asupan zat gizi terutama zat besi dan kepatuhan ibu hamil mengonsumsi tablet besi masih menjadi penyebab anemia pada ibu hamil. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan upaya penanggulangan dan pencegahan anemia ibu hamil dengan cara peningkatan keanekaragaman konsumsi bahan makanan sumber zat besi, kesadaran ibu hamil untuk mengonsumsi tablet besi, dan peran serta suami dalam mendorong ibu hamil mengonsumsi tablet besi.KATA KUNCI: anemia, kepatuhan minum tablet besi, asupan zat gizi

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Journal Mail Official
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Kab. bantul,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA