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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
 157   158   159   160   161 
Status of Coral Reef Benthic Cover in the Gili Balu Marine Conservation Area, Sumbawa, West Nusa Tenggara Himawan, Mahardika Rizqi; Santana, Lalu Bagus; Lestariningsih, Wiwid Andriyani; Hidayatullah, Rahmat; Prabuning, Derta
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8077

Abstract

The coral reef ecosystem in Indonesia boasts the highest biodiversity and serves as the center of the Coral Triangle's diversity. Despite its richness, Indonesia's coral reefs face increasing threats from various factors, primarily anthropogenic. Regular biophysical surveys of coral reef ecosystems are therefore necessary to monitor their current conditions and guide management efforts. This study aimed to assess the condition of coral reefs by examining the percentage of coral cover in the Gili Balu Marine Conservation Area, Sumbawa NTB. The research was conducted in January, 2022, using the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method at 10 observation points. The transects measured 50 meters in length and were repeated three times at each location. The results indicated that the coral reefs were in good condition at the South Belang Island Station (57%) and West Pasareang Island (69.67%), according to Kepmen LH No. 4/2001. However, moderately damaged reefs were observed at North Belang Station (38%), Kenawa Island (30%), East Belang Island (30%), and Mandiki Island (28.67%). Coral reefs classified as severely damaged were found at Southwest Namo Island Station (17.33%), North Pasareang (16.67%), South Kalong (11%), and North Namo (9.67%). Overall, the dominant condition of coral reefs in the Gili Balu Conservation Area was categorized as moderately to severely damaged. Conservation efforts, including protection in areas with good conditions and rehabilitation in damaged areas, are recommended as follow-up actions to support coral reef sustainability in Gili Balu.
The Growth of Epicotyl Shoots of Glutinous Corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina) on Murashige Skoog Medium with NAA and Coconut Water Delviera, Dhea Amanda; Zakiah, Zulfa; Turnip, Masnur
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8081

Abstract

Glutinous corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina) is a local variety known for its distinctive traits, particularly its high amylopectin content, comprising 72% amylopectin and 28% amylose. This research aims to explore the impact of incorporating Naphthalene Acetic Acid (N.A.A.) and coconut water and identify the optimal concentrations that influence the growth of epicotyl shoots in glutinous corn. The study was conductedk in the Tissue Culture Laboratory at the Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University in Pontianak. A completely randomized design (C.R.D) with factorial arrangements was employed. The first factor considered various concentrations of NAA (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ppm), while the second factor involved coconut water at different concentrations (0%, 15%, 30%, and 60%). The findings indicated that the combination of NAA and coconut water significantly impacted the shoot emergence time and height. The combinations of 0.5 ppm NAA with 15% and 30% coconut water resulted in the fastest shoot growth, averaging 2.4 days after seed treatment (hst). In contrast, using 30% coconut water alone, without NAA, produced the tallest shoots, averaging 3.48 cm. However, the growth of glutinous corn epicotyl shoots was optimal only until 14 days of age.
The Effect of Mycorrhiza on Sorghum Plants in Dryland Areas Ilwati, Uun; Sudharmawan, A. A. K; Sudantha, I Made
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8087

Abstract

Sorghum is one of the cereal crops that can grow well in dry land. However, dry land has limitations in terms of soil nutrients and its structure, which does not retain water for long. The productivity of sorghum in dry land is still low, at 2-3 tons/ha, which is far from its potential yield of 6-7 tons/ha. This happens because the soil lacks essential nutrients. Along with the application of both organic and synthetic fertilizers, one possible approach is to incorporate mycorrhiza into the soil. This article seeks to explore how mycorrhiza influences sorghum plants in arid conditions. This article serves as a review of existing literature concerning sorghum and the influence of mycorrhiza on its growth. From the findings and discussions presented, it can be inferred that mycorrhiza affects the uptake of nutrients, growth, and yield of sorghum by enhancing the availability and absorption of nutrients in the soil, boosting antioxidant activity, increasing photosynthesis, and improving the plants' resilience to environmental stress. Furthermore, mycorrhiza also affects the improvement of the plant's defense system by increasing dry matter content, keeping leaf stomata open, and helping the accumulation of substances including substances like soluble sugars, proline, glycine betaine, organic acids, potassium, and calcium within the plant, which helps in the uptake of water. The application of mycorrhiza to sorghum plants in dry land is expected to support the sustainable increase in plant productivity, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, and promote a more environmentally friendly farming system.
Effect of Trichoderma sp. on Fusarium Wilt Disease Infection in Banana Plants in Were III Village, Golewa Selatan Sub-District, Ngada District Lea, Victoria Coo; Noywuli, Nicolaus; Goda, Karina Dhena; Mite, Agnes L.; Limbu, Umbu N.
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8088

Abstract

The Ngada Regency area is one of the producers of kapok bananas on Flores Island. However, there has been a decline in kapok banana production due to the attack of blood disease and fusarium wilt. Therefore, it is necessary to address this issue. Determining the effects of applying the biological agent Trichoderma sp. to control fusarium wilt disease in banana plants, comparing the effects of different banana varieties planted on farmer fields infected with the disease, and identifying banana varieties that can interact with the mixed biological agent Trichoderma sp. and organic materials to suppress fusarium wilt disease are the objectives of this study. This study used a factorial pattern Randomized Group Design (RAK) consisting of two factors, namely: Banana type factor (J) consists of 4 levels and the application of Trichoderma sp mixture (D) consists of 4 levels, namely the Banana Type factor (J), consists of 4 levels, namely: J1 = King Banana, J2 = Ambon Banana, J3 = Barangan Banana and J4 = Kepok Banana. A combination of Trichoderma sp and manure application (D) is the second element. There are four levels of this combination: D0 (no Trichoderma sp), D1 (200 gr in 4 kg of manure), D2 (200 gr in 8 kg of manure), and D3 (200 gr in 12 kg of manure). The findings demonstrated that the rate of Fusarium oxysporum wilt infection was significantly influenced by banana species. Compared to plantains and banana kepok, banana barangan and banana ambon are more resilient to the rate of infection with Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum). The combination dose of Trichoderma Sp with manure has a very significant effect on the intensity of Fusarium wilt disease attack (Fusarium oxysporum) and the combination of Trichoderma sp 200 grams with 4 kg of organic fertilizer is better than the other 3 doses.
Differences in Bacterial Types in Controlled and Uncontrolled Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Urinary Tract Infections Sakti, Hari Saktiningsih; Vector Stephen Dewangga; Sulasmi, Sulasmi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8093

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders caused by various environmental, genetic and lifestyle factors as a result of a decrease in insulin secretion. An increase in the incidence of DM will certainly be followed by an increase in the possibility of chronic complications of DM. High glucose concentrations in urine are a good medium for the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, as a result, DM patients often experience urinary tract infections (UTI). The aim of this research is to find out the description of the identification of bacteria that cause urinary tract infections in controlled and uncontrolled type II diabetes mellitus. This research method uses an observational analytical research type with a cross-sectional approach. Data were analyzed descriptively to determine the identification of bacteria in controlled and uncontrolled DM.  The results of the research showed diabetes type 2 was uncontrolled with different types of bacteria, namely: Streptococcus sp (8.3%), Staphylococcus epidemidis (16.75), Salmonella paratyphi A (8.3%), Serratia marcescens (8.3% ), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.3%), Escherichia coli (16.67%), Enterococcus faecalis (8.3%), while controlled DM type 2 was found Staphylococcus aureus (8.3%), Escherichia coli (16.67%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.3%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.3%).
Butterfly Diversity on Tanjung Trees (Mimusops Elengi L.) in Community Yard Lands Sumah, Astrid Sri Wahyuni; Kusumadinata, Ali Alamsyah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8096

Abstract

Butterfly diversity depends on land type, vegetation, and human intervention in the ecosystem. This is because butterflies are very sensitive and easily affected by ecological changes and variations in plant community structure. If there is a slight change in habitat, it can cause migration or extinction of butterflies. This study aims to determine the number of butterfly species diversity that visit tanjung trees (Mimusops elengi) in community yards. This study was conducted in community land on Jalan Tanjung Rawo, Bukit Lama sub-district, Ilir Barat 1 District, Palembang City. The location of the study was determined based on the exploratory method, namely insect sampling using insect nets. Based on the results of the study 25.11 individual butterflies were obtained consisting of 8 species and 2 families (Nymphalidae and Pieridae). The Pieridae family is the number of butterfly individuals most often found as many as 8.12 individuals of Appias lyncida butterflies, and the least found is Leptosia nina (0.23 individuals) which also comes from the same family. The diversity index (1.64), and the evenness index (0.788) are included in the moderate category. In addition, 10 types of plants were also found in the community's yard that support the diversity of butterflies at that location. The number of species found in the morning, afternoon, and evening did not differ much, so that the similarity of visiting species reached 87.5%. This is related to the behavior of visiting butterfly species, also related to the morphology of flowers and hidden pollen. The results of this study are expected to provide the latest information regarding the diversity of butterflies that are active in community yards with almost the same types of plants in each community yard.
Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Effects of Extract Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.) in vitro study Rahayu, Resti; Efendi, Rilwan; Santoso, Putra
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8100

Abstract

Inflammation is the body's normal protective response, but it is often an over-response that can cause tissue damage. Commercial synthetic anti-inflammatory drugs of steroidal and non-steroidal groups have high side effects. So that alternative anti-inflammatory drugs are needed that have low side effects. Maggot black soldier fly is a type of insect that has begun to be widely studied to utilize its bioactives as anti-inflammatory, one of which is because it is high in protein. Therefore, this study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory properties of black soldier fly maggot extract. Anti-inflammatory testing of maggot extract was carried out using an in vitro heat-induced protein denaturation assay, with diclofenac sodium serving as a commercial drug reference. It was found that maggot extracted with 100% methanol was 5 times more effective than maggot extracted with other methanol concentrations. Amino acid analysis showed increased levels of alanine and arginine, which are believed to contribute to the inhibition of protein denaturation. Thus, maggot extracted with 100% methanol showed better potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.
The Relationship between Body Mass Index and Degree of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Mataram Prolanis Community Arista, Rida; Nasrul, Monalisa; Cholidah, Rifana
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8103

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is silent killer disease which if it is not treated further, diabetes can cause complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is the first cause of blindness in productive age. BMI is known to be a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy. Aim of this study was to determine the relationship between BMI and the degree of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 DM patients in the Prolanis Community. The research design uses an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample was type 2 DM patients in Mataram Prolanis Community. Sampling technique used consecutive sampling with minimum sample 29 people. The research results will be analyzed using the Spearman test. Based on the research results, it was found that 46 people had type 2 DM. From 46 people, 7 of them suffered from DR, 5 people had mild NPDR and 2 people had moderate NPDR. From the statistical test results, it was found that there was no relationship between BMI and the degree of diabetic retinopathy with a p value of 0.996 (p > 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of 0.001, which means that the strength of the relationship is very weak between these two variables. The conclusion of the study is that there is no relationship between BMI and the degree of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 DM patients because diabetic retinopathy is a multifactorial disease.
Uji Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Etanol Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) Secara In Vitro Fitriana, Mariama; Hajrin, Wahida; Subaidah, Windah Anugrah; Ridwan, Sucilawaty; Pratiwi, Eskarani Tri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8105

Abstract

Angelica keiskei has potential as an anti-inflammatory agent because it contains chalcone which has been proven to be able to suppress inflammation through inhibiting nitric oxide production and inhibiting the expression of the iNOS and COX-2. The anti-inflammatory potential of Angelica keiskei needs to be tested. This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of Angelica keiskei ethanol extract using the protein denaturation inhibition method. Angelica keiskei was extracted using the sonication method with 96% ethanol. The extract was tested for anti-inflammatory activity using the protein denaturation inhibition method with diclofenac sodium as a positive control. The percent of inflammatory inhibition is used to assess sample activity. The results showed that the percent of inflammatory inhibition of Angelica keiskei ethanol extract increased as the test concentration increased. The maximum percent inhibition was obtained at a concentration of 1.5% with the percent of inflammatory inhibition value of 23.14% ± 0.05. Angelica keiskei ethanol extract has anti-inflammatory activity based on in vitro testing using the protein denaturation inhibition method.
Correlation Between Waist Hip Ratio (RLPP) and Hypertension at Sudiang Raya Health Center in Makassar City Rusydi, Hanina Nur Zahra; Kanang, Indah Lestari Daeng; Fattah, Nurfachanti; Nurmadilla, Nesyana; Tahir, Akina Maulidhany
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.8106

Abstract

Elevated blood pressure is the hallmark of hypertension, a dangerous illness that raises the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other illnesses. Globally, the prevalence of hypertension reaches 29.2%, with higher prevalence in some regions, such as in South Sulawesi which reaches 27.61%. One of the main risk factors for hypertension is central obesity, which can be measured using the Waist-Hip Circumference Ratio (RLPP). RLPP is more effective than Body Mass Index (BMI) in measuring visceral fat accumulation that is associated with increased blood pressure. This accumulation of fat in the abdominal area can increase vascular resistance and cause metabolic disturbances that contribute to hypertension. This study aimed to determine the correlation between Waist-Hip Ratio (RLPP) and hypertension at Sudiang Raya Health Center, Makassar.  This study combined a total sampling strategy with a cross-sectional approach. 89 hypertensive patients who satisfied the inclusion requirements made up the study sample. The Stasistical Program for Social Science (SPSS) was used to evaluate the collected data. The result showed that the majority of hypertensive patients were female (61.8%) with an age group of 55-64 years (49.4%), and 61.8% had RLPP reflecting cental obesity. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between RLPP and hypertension (p=0.000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant correlation between Waist-Hip Ratio (RLPP) and the incidence of hypertension at Sudiang Raya Health Center, Makassar.

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