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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Estimation of Demographic Parameters and Food Plant Species Composition of Long-Tailed Macaques in Semongkat Nature Park Hidayati, Maulia; Syaputra, Maiser; Indrityatno, Indrityatno
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8946

Abstract

Indonesia is renowned for its rich biodiversity, encompassing a wide variety of flora and fauna, including primates such as the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis). This species exhibits high adaptability to environmental changes. Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Indonesia show high adaptation to environmental changes, including behavioural changes due to human interactions. Fieldwork was conducted in September 2024, employing the line transect method for demographic estimation and plot sampling for vegetation analysis. Data analysis for demographics was quantitative and forage plant was deskriptive and quantitative. 61 long-tailed macaque individuals in total. Group sizes ranged from 17 to 25 individuals, with an overall population density of 1.52 individuals per hectare, a sex ratio of 1:0.75, a birth rate of 0.8, and a mortality rate ranging from 0.65 to 0.75. Age structure analysis indicates a progressive population trend. A total of 14 plant species were identified as food sources, with Importance Value Indices (IVI) ranging from 52.16% to 8.61% at the tree level, 35.22% to 10.29% at the pole level, 25% to 10% at the sapling level, and 20% to 10% at the seedling level. These findings suggest that the macaque population is demographically stable, yet increasingly reliant on anthropogenic food sources due to altered foraging behaviors.
Literature Review: Extraction Methods and Antioxidant Activity of Rhizophora mucronata Leaves Attaya, Kalisa; Saputri, Legis Ocktaviana; Permatasari, Lina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8949

Abstract

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules and can trigger various degenerative diseases, so prevention efforts are needed through effective antioxidants. This study aims to review and analyze the extraction method of R. mucronata leaves in increasing antioxidant activity against DPPH free radicals. This study was conducted through a literature review of experimental research articles obtained from Google Scholar and PubMed databases using specific keywords, covering national and international publications for the period 2015-2025. The obtained articles were analyzed based on the extraction technique, solvent type, and IC₅₀ value reported in the article. The analysis showed that cold extraction methods, especially multi-step maceration with methanol solvent, can produce R. mucronata leaf extracts with very strong antioxidant activity with an IC₅₀ value of 0.04 ppm. The conclusion of this study confirms that extraction technique and solvent selection can affect the antioxidant activity of R. mucronata leaves. These findings support the need for optimization of extraction methods to maximize antioxidant effectiveness in the development of natural antioxidants.
Potential of Bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus as Degradation Agent Waste Used Oil Banjarnahor, Relina Cindy Octavia; Angraini, Dini Izza; Lestari, Ratih Dewi; Putri, Jaurani Nurul; Diyati, Rahayu; Alvi, Alvi; Putri, Selvi Heriani; Yusuf, Ashif Irvan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8956

Abstract

Oil is one of the petroleum derivatives that cause environmental pollution. Oil used in the automotive industry such as workshops is often not managed properly, so that it becomes waste that can cause soil pollution and water pollution. One way that can be used to overcome this pollution is by bioremediation by utilizing Escherichia coli and Staphylococus aureus bacteria as bioremediation agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of E.coli and S.aureus bacteria in degrading oil. The method used was experimental method. The results obtained show that E.coli bacteria have the ability to degrade waste oil by bioaccumulation which is characterized by the presence of oil clots in the center of the media. While S. aureus bacteria have the ability to degrade waste oil by biodegradation which is characterized by the decomposition and change in the shape of oil oil into white granules.
Literature Review: CRISPR-Cas 9 Genetic Engineering as Breast Cancer Therapy Salsabila, Pisqiantin Aenan; Bulkis, Nanda; Praditama, Lalu Denendra; Kanata, Nur Ramdhani; Maghfirahandini, Reivirly Khairadaty; Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8957

Abstract

Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled abnormal cell growth, originating from cancer stem cells. These cells form a side population with stemness properties similar to normal stem cells, have high tumorigenicity, and contribute to the development of cancer. Among all cases, breast cancer is one of the causes of cancer death in women worldwide, estimated to reach 28% of new cancers. The application of one of the genetic engineering techniques in the form of CRISPR / Cas9 which can be used as an alternative choice in optimizing breast cancer therapy. This literature review aims to determine CRISPR-Cas 9 Genetic Engineering as Breast Cancer Therapy. This journal review method is through searching for articles from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords, namely breast cancer therapy, Genetic Engineering, CRISPR / Cas9 Technique. The results obtained show something promising in the use of one of the genetic engineering technologies in the form of the CRISPR / Cas9 technique which is able to weaken or suppress genetic activity related to the continuity of growth and development of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, CRISPR/Cas9 technology shows promising potential in breast cancer therapy with its ability to inhibit the expression of certain genes that contribute to the growth, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Hydrolysed Fish Peptide, Turmeric and Garlic Powder Supplementation to Reducing Vibrio Bacteria in Litopenaeus vannamei Setiyaningsih, Lilik; Fitriadi, Ren; Kusuma, Baruna; Anjaini, Jefri; Sukardi, Purnama
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8958

Abstract

Vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio bacteria is one of the main challenges in vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) farming, as it can cause high mortality rates and decreased productivity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of natural immunostimulants in turmeric (Curcuma longa) and garlic (Allium sativum) combined with hydrolysis of fish peptides in suppressing Vibrio spp. bacterial populations in the hepatopancreas organs. The study was conducted for 30 days using a completely randomised design of four treatments and three replications. Treatment A (feed+turmeric75%+garlic25%+fish peptide hydrolysis2%), Treatment B (feed+turmeric50%+garlic50%+fish peptide hydrolysis2%), Treatment C (feed+turmeric25%+garlic75%+fish peptide hydrolysis2%), and Treatment K (feed without immunostimulant and fish peptide hydrolysis). Total Vibrio spp. bacteria were counted using the total plate count method on the hepatopancreas organ of the shrimp. The results showed that the immunostimulant combination of turmeric 75%, garlic 25%, and fish peptide hydrolysis 2% (treatment A) significantly reduced the total number of Vibrio spp. bacteria in the hepatopancreas to 2.45 ± 0.213 log CFU/ml compared to the control. The combination of turmeric and garlic immunostimulants and fish peptide hydrolysis has the potential to be an effective natural strategy in controlling vibriosis disease in shrimp farming.
Bibliometric Analysis: The Potential of Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) for Diabetes Patients Friska Feria Donza; Elsa Yuniarti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8962

Abstract

This research aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of scientific publications on the potential of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) for diabetes patients. A quantitative method was employed by systematically collecting data from the Scopus database covering the period 2014-2023, using the specific keywords "Beta Vulgaris Or Beetroot and Diabetes or Blood and Sugar or Insulin". From the initial 153 indexed documents retrieved, 113 relevant articles were selected and subjected to detailed analysis. VOS Viewer software was utilized to generate network, overlay, and density visualizations, enabling exploration of complex relationships between publications, keywords, and research trends. The results reveal that publications can be categorized into two distinct clusters, with the most frequently occurring keywords being insulin, beetroot, metabolism, and Beta vulgaris. The year 2021 was identified as the peak period for research on beetroot's potential for diabetes management, indicating growing scientific interest in this area. This bibliometric analysis provides a valuable foundation for further development of evidence-based studies on the benefits of beetroot in diabetes management and opens avenues for innovative therapeutic approaches using this natural resource.
Primer Design of EDNRB Gene Exon 5 and PCR Optimization for Gene Mutation Analysis in Hirschsprung's Disease Anggun, Septiasri; Ahda, Yuni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8971

Abstract

HD disease is a common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. HD disease is a congenital disorder of the colon characterized by the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in the sub mucosal plexus of Meissneri and the mienterikus plexus of Auerbachi. Objective: To design specific primers for amplification of exon 5 in EDNRB gene and test the specificity in silico. To determine the optimum PCR conditions for amplification of exon 5 in EDNRB gene. Methods This type of research is descriptive. The purpose of descriptive research is to provide an overview or description of the EDNRB exon 5 gene primer design and PCR optimization. Electrophoresis results showed the temperature of 56 oC is the right temperature characterized by a single band and looks the thickest and brightest with the appropriate amplicons size of 367 bp, The results for the EDNRB gene primer exon 5 obtained the optimum concentration of 0.8 µM. This is characterized by DNA bands that look clear and thickest. The specific sequence of forward primer is 5'ATTTCA GAGACG GGAAG TGG3' reverse primer is 5'GGCACT CACTCATCATCTTG 3' which produces amplicons with a length of 367 bp. The optimum annealing temperature is 56 oC and the optimum primer concentration is 0.8 µM.  
The Application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Increasing the Productivity of Pakchoy Plants (Brassica rapa L.) in Soil with Low Nutrient Content Isnainy, Dyon Rahman; Asnur, Paranita; Istiqlal, Muhammad Ridha Alfarabi; Kalsum, Ummu
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8972

Abstract

Organic farming plays a very important role in maintaining environmental balance because it can reduce the use of harmful synthetic chemicals. This LOF is considered capable of enhancing soil fertility and supporting plant growth, while simultaneously reducing waste from the aquaculture sector. This study aims to evaluate the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from catfish pond wastewater on the productivity of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) plants grown in soil with low nutrient content. The research was conducted in the experimental field of Universitas Gunadarma, East Jakarta, using 18 combinations of POC treatments with various concentrations and five varieties of pakcoy. Data were analyzed using the F-test to determine the overall treatment effect, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level to compare between treatments. The research results show that the application of POC from catfish pond wastewater has a positive effect on the growth of pakcoy compared to the control. A POC concentration of 0.75 ml/L yielded the best results in most parameters, including plant height, number of leaves, as well as leaf length and width. Although not all treatment combinations yielded significant results, the use of POC generally shows great potential in increasing the productivity of pakcoy plants. POC from catfish pond wastewater is not only effective as an organic fertilizer but also supports sustainable agriculture by reducing the negative impact of aquaculture waste on the environment. This research recommends POC as an environmentally friendly fertilizer alternative to improve agricultural yields, especially in areas with low nutrient content, through gradual soil quality improvement.
The Difference Between Using MA-11 and EM-4 in Corn Slamper Fermentation to Increase Dry Matter and Organic Matter Digestibility Prabowo, Risky Jati; Sukaryani, Sri
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.8984

Abstract

This study intends to assess the impact of employing two types of bioactivators, namely MA-11 and EM-4, on the digestibility of dry matter (KcBK) and digestibility of organic matter (KcBO) in fermented corncobs. One potential solution to the limited availability of feed is the use of agricultural waste as animal feed, which includes corncob fermentation. The research was carried out using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and four replications, namely T0 (control), T1 (2% MA-11), and T2 (2% EM-4). The fermentation process was carried out anaerobically for 7 days. The digestibility data were analyzed using ANOVA and continued with the Duncan test. The results showed that treatment T1 (MA-11) produced the highest digestibility value, namely KcBK of 66.37% and KcBO of 67.48%. Treatment T2 (EM-4) showed a KcBK of 64.83% and a KcBO of 64.18%, while the control (T0) had the lowest values, namely KcBK 61.46% and KcBO 61.76%. Although statistically there was no significant difference between treatments (p > 0.05), the increase in biological digestibility was significant. This increase is thought to be caused by the activity of lignocellulolytic and proteolytic microorganisms in MA-11, which are capable of breaking down fibers and complex organic compounds. It can be concluded that corncob fermentation using MA-11 is more effective than EM-4 in improving the nutritional quality and digestibility of feed ingredients. This technology can be an alternative to utilizing agricultural waste as an efficient feed source for ruminant livestock.
The Effect of Combined Aren Palm Sap and Molasses as Carbon Sources on the Growth and Survival of Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Helmiana, Baiq; Lestari, Dewi Putri; Mulyani, Laily Fitriani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): April-Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i2.9008

Abstract

Vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is one of the most widely cultivated aquaculture commodities due to its high market demand and ability to grow intensively. However, intensive systems often generate environmental issues, especially from excess feed and ammonia waste. This study aimed to determine the best combination of aren palm sap and molasses as organic carbon sources in fermented feed to improve the growth and survival of L. vannamei. The research was conducted over 45 days using an experimental method and a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of six treatments and three replications, totaling 18 experimental units. The treatments included: P1 (control feed), P2 (feed + 10 ml/kg aren sap), P3 (feed + 10 ml/kg molasses), P4 (5 ml/kg aren sap + 5 ml/kg molasses), P5 (2.5 ml/kg aren sap + 7.5 ml/kg molasses), and P6 (7.5 ml/kg aren sap + 2.5 ml/kg molasses). The research included feed fermentation, shrimp rearing, water quality monitoring, and sampling. The best results were observed in treatment P5, which yielded the highest protein content in feed (32.98%), total bacteria (1,249,000 CFU), absolute weight gain (4.48 g), length gain (5.8 cm), specific growth rate (7.84%/day), feed efficiency (79.88%), and lowest feed conversion ratio (1.25). The combination of 2.5 ml/kg aren sap and 7.5 ml/kg molasses is recommended to enhance shrimp growth and feed utilization without negatively impacting water quality.

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