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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,949 Documents
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Acute Pharyngitis and Acute Laryngitis as Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: A Literature Review Andi Frieskha Naurah Paradiesta; Amanda Azkiyah Rachman; Tsania Zulfa Salsabila; Anak Agung Ayu Regina Larasati; Muhammad Rifki; Rina Lestari
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12581

Abstract

Severe upper respiratory infections are a major health issue globally, including in Indonesia. Conditions like acute pharyngitis and acute laryngitis are frequently seen in medical settings and lead to many healthcare appointments. These illnesses vary in their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment, necessitating a thorough comprehension for the best patient care. This article aims to review various aspects of acute pharyngitis and acute laryngitis, including definition, etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, complications, prognosis, and prevention. A narrative literature review approach was employed using scientific sources obtained from Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and official publications of the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The selected literature included research articles, review articles, clinical guidelines, and relevant reference books. The review found that acute pharyngitis is predominantly caused by viral infections, although Group A Streptococcus (GAS) remains the most important bacterial pathogen due to its potential complications. Acute laryngitis is mainly caused by viral infections and is generally self-limiting. The diagnosis is made by gathering medical history, conducting a physical check, and performing additional tests if necessary. Treatment relies on the root cause and consists of supportive care, measures to ease symptoms, and antibiotic treatment in certain situations. Appropriate diagnosis and rational management are essential to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.
Analysis of Mercury Heavy Metal Content in Snakehead, Tilapia and Catfish from Taliwang Lake Khairuddin, Khairuddin; Yamin, M.; Kusmiyati, Kusmiyati; Sedijani, Prapti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.12582

Abstract

Research on heavy metals in fish is essential. This study aimed to determine the levels of the heavy metal mercury (Hg) in Snakehead (Channa striata), Catfish (Clarias batrachus), and Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mosambicus) sampled from Lake Taliwang. The study is particularly valuable for protecting consumers from heavy metal contamination associated with fish consumption. The research was conducted at Lake Taliwang, West Sumbawa, with two observation stations established: one in the eastern section and one in the western section of the lake. The three fish species were caught using gill nets, with four samples collected for each species at each station. Each fish sample was placed in a plastic bag and stored in a sample storage box. The samples were subsequently analyzed at the West Nusa Tenggara Health Testing and Calibration Laboratory. Data analysis involved extracting fish muscle tissue and determining Hg content using a Mercury Analyzer. The wet digestion stage of the sample preparation process involved decomposing organic matter within the samples using strong acids specifically HNO3 and H2O2 as digesting agents. The data obtained represent Hg levels in mg/kg or ppm (parts per million). The final step involved descriptive processing of the obtained Hg concentrations and presenting the results in tabular form, based on the Mercury Analyzer findings. The study concluded that the Hg content in Snakehead (Channa striata), Catfish (Clarias batrachus), and Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mosambicus) from Lake Taliwang ranged from 0.04 to 0.09 mg/kg.
Identification of Ornamental Plants the Araceae and Asteraceae Families at Griya Tambakrejo Jombang for E-Catalog Asna Lutfiatul Ummah; Anggun Wulandari; Ospa Pea Yuanita Meishanti
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12586

Abstract

Ornamental plants play an important role in improving the aesthetic, ecological, and educational quality of residential environments. This study aims to identify ornamental plant species from the Araceae and Asteraceae families in the Griya Tambakrejo Asri Jombang Housing Complex, describe their morphological characteristics, and compile a digital e-catalog as an information medium. The study used a qualitative descriptive approach through field observation, inventory, morphological identification, documentation, and literature study. Species identification was carried out based on diagnostic morphological characters and verified using taxonomic literature, determination keys, and botanical databases Plants of the World Online (POWO), GBIF, and Flora of Java. The results showed that there were 18 ornamental plant species, consisting of 15 species from the Araceae family and 3 species from the Asteraceae family. The Araceae family is dominated by decorative leafy plants with spadix-covered spathe-like flowers, while the Asteraceae family is characterized by capitulum-like compound flowers with diverse color variations. The presence of these two families provides aesthetic benefits by improving landscape quality, ecological benefits as air pollutant absorbers and food sources for pollinators, and educational benefits as learning objects for plant morphology and taxonomy. The inventory results were then compiled into an Instagram-based digital e-catalog containing the scientific name, common name, classification, morphological characteristics, benefits, and photo documentation of each species. This e-catalog is expected to be an information medium that is easily accessible to the public, although its effectiveness as a learning medium still requires expert validation and user testing in further research.
A Literature Review: Management of Paralysis and Prevention of Acute Respiratory Failure in Guillain-Barré Syndrome Ahmad Sa'Bi Al Qindi; Cantika Brilliant Senna; Muhammad Hilmy As Shiddiq; Moh. Rizky Yolanda B.S; Yasmin Sabrina Zulkifli; Prima Belia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12588

Abstract

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by progressive muscle weakness and paralysis. In severe cases, respiratory muscle involvement may lead to acute respiratory failure, which remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with GBS. This literature review aims to discuss the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, management of paralysis, and strategies for preventing acute respiratory failure in Guillain-Barré Syndrome. A literature review was conducted by analyzing scientific journal articles, textbooks, and international clinical guidelines retrieved from electronic databases. The findings indicate that GBS is the most common cause of acute non-traumatic flaccid paralysis worldwide and is frequently preceded by an infectious illness. Diagnosis is primarily established based on clinical features and supported by cerebrospinal fluid analysis and electrodiagnostic studies, with diagnostic certainty commonly assessed using the Brighton Collaboration Criteria and clinical evaluation guided by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) criteria. Respiratory complications occur in approximately 20–30% of patients and often require intensive monitoring and mechanical ventilation. Early recognition of respiratory muscle weakness through serial assessment of respiratory function, prompt airway management, and timely ventilatory support are essential to prevent acute respiratory failure and improve clinical outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving neurologists, intensivists, pulmonologists, rehabilitation specialists, and nursing teams is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality associated with GBS.
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase-Bearing Bacteria Isolated from Shrimp Intestines as Potential Probiotics: an in Silico Study Frentina Murti Sujadi; Jefri Anjaini; Lilik Setiyaningsih; Dandi Setio Wibowo; Rudi Nirwantono
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12593

Abstract

L-Lactate Dehydrogenase (LLD) is a key enzyme in lactic acid metabolism, found in various bacteria, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are potential probiotics for aquaculture. This study aims to analyze bacterial species isolated from shrimp intestines that possess LLD genes in their genomes and to examine the phylogenetic relationships of their LLD proteins, as a basis for assessing their potential as probiotics in the future. Bacterial species were collected through a literature review on isolates from shrimp intestines or culture media. After excluding pathogenic bacteria, the protein sequences fromthe included specieswere retrieved from NCBI using the Bio.Entrez and SeqIO modules in Biopython. Afterward, multiple sequence alignment (MSA) was performed using MEGA X software with the ClustalW algorithm, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method with 1000 bootstrap replications. In total, 23 bacterial species were identified from the literature, of which 15 were found to possess LLD protein sequences that were successfully retrieved. Phylogenetic analysis revealed groupings of bacteria based on thekemiripanof their LLD sequences. LAB species, such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus, clustered together, while species from the genus Bacillus and related taxa (e.g., Geobacillus thermoleovorans) formed a separate cluster. Overall, this sequence-based analysis successfully reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships among the identified bacteria based on their LLD sequences and highlighted groups of LLD-producing bacteria with potential probiotic applications in aquaculture. The findings provide a foundation for the further selection and development of promising indigenous lactic acid bacteria from shrimp intestines as probiotics.
Inventory and Diversity of Associated Mangrove Species in the Cemare Mangrove Forest Area, South Lembar Fathurrahman, Lalu Arip; Handayani, Baiq Sri; Suyantri, Eni
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.12599

Abstract

The coastal area of West Lombok possesses high biodiversity, yet the existence of associated mangroves, which play a crucial ecological role as natural buffers and carbon sinks, is frequently overlooked. This study aims to identify and inventory the associated mangrove species in the Cemare Mangrove Forest, South Lembar, West Lombok. The research was conducted from October to November 2025. Inventory data were collected using the quadrat transect method across three stations, selected through a purposive sampling technique based on environmental conditions. The results demonstrated a high level of biodiversity, recording a total of 1,321 individuals comprising 20 species. All identified species are classified into 3 divisions, 4 classes, 11 orders, and 12 families. The highest composition was contributed by Sporobolus virginicus 29.30%, Sesuvium portulacastrum 28.31%, and Clerodendrum inerme 13.70% of the total individuals, with a distribution pattern spanning both revegetation and natural vegetation areas. Ecologically and economically, associated mangroves offer significant benefits, such as serving as natural coastal protection against abrasion and as potential sources for medicine. Therefore, the conservation of associated mangrove species is highly essential due to its positive impacts. This inventory data will serve as a baseline database for sustainable conservation and holds great potential to support the development of marine ecotourism.
IoT-Based Precision Aquaculture: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends from 2020 to 2026 Jefri Anjaini; Radhi Fadhillah; Rahmat Hidayat; Farkhana Laily; Susilo Budi Priyono; Frentina Murti Sujadi; Rangga Idris Affandi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12602

Abstract

The adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed aquaculture from manual monitoring into data-driven precision management. This study maps the intellectual structure, publication trends, key contributors, and emerging research directions in IoT-based precision aquaculture, spanning sensor-based monitoring to decision support systems. A bibliometric analysis was conducted on 303 Scopus-indexed documents retrieved using a TITLE-ABS-KEY query combining “Internet of Things” and related terms with “aquaculture.” Document screening followed the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Performance analysis and science mapping were performed using VOSviewer through citation-network and keyword co-occurrence analyses. Because data retrieval occurred during the partial publication year 2026, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR = 19.5%) was calculated only for the complete-year period 2020–2025, while 2026 publications were included in citation and mapping analyses. The dataset accumulated 4,791 citations (mean = 15.81 citations per document; h-index = 38). Sensors was the most productive journal, whereas Indonesia and India were the leading publishing countries. Keyword co-occurrence identified five major research themes: sensor-based water-parameter monitoring, environmental quality monitoring, IoT–machine learning integration, smart fish farming, and AI-based decision support. These findings indicate a shift from environmental monitoring toward intelligent, predictive, and decision-oriented aquaculture management.
Optimizing BAP and NAA Concentrations for In Vitro Shoot Initiation of Black Potato (Plectranthus rotundifolius) Aprilia Eristiana; Aluh Nikmatullah; Kisman Kisman
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12608

Abstract

Black potato (Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng.) has potential as an alternative food crop, but the limited availability of high-quality planting material necessitates in vitro propagation. This study evaluated the effect of Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) combinations on the initiation-stage growth of black potato shoot explants. A factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 16 treatment combinations, three replications, and 48 experimental units was used. Quantitative data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% significance level, while qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. The combination of BAP and NAA significantly affected root emergence time (p = 0.019), number of roots (p = 0.002), number of leaves (p = 0.013), and fresh weight of plantlets (p = 0.001), but had no significant effect on shoot emergence, callus emergence, shoot number, shoot length, root length, or dry weight (p > 0.05). Treatment B0N3 produced the highest number of roots (11.33 roots explant⁻¹), B1N0 produced the highest number of leaves (8.33 leaves explant⁻¹), and B3N3 resulted in the highest fresh weight (1.48 g). These findings indicate that NAA alone was more effective for root induction, whereas higher BAP–NAA combinations promoted greater plantlet biomass accumulation.  
Predominantly Diurnal, Bimodal-Crepuscular Activity Patterns of Sun Bears (Helarctos malayanus) in Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park, Sumatera, Indonesia Agus Subagyo; Joshua Sinaga; Winda Dwi Kartika; Muhammad Hisan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12610

Abstract

The sun bear (Helarctos malayanus) is a vulnerable species listed on the IUCN Red List, whose behavioral ecology is critically shaped by habitat conditions. Increasing deforestation pressure in and around Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park (BTNP), Sumatra, highlights the urgency of understanding the spatiotemporal activity patterns of this species to support evidence-based conservation. This study analyzes the diel activity patterns of sun bears using secondary (bycatch) camera trap data collected by PKHS from 103 stations in BTNP between 2017 and 2022. From a total of 35,619 trap-days, 647 independent video detections were obtained. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) analysis revealed a predominantly diurnal (62.44%) and strongly bimodal activity pattern. Activity peaks were recorded in the morning (06:00–09:00 WIB) and late afternoon (16:00–19:00 WIB), with a marked reduction during midday (11:00–14:00 WIB). This bimodal pattern indicates crepuscular characteristics, likely reflecting thermoregulatory adaptation and foraging strategies. The persistence of a strong diurnal signal suggests that BTNP continues to function as a relatively potential refuge from anthropogenic disturbance, although this inference is indirect, as human disturbance intensity was not measured directly. These findings provide a temporal basis for designing more effective anti-poaching patrol schedules and human–wildlife conflict mitigation strategies.
Contribution of Social Forestry to Carbon Stock Reserves through Land Cover Change Analysis in the Forest Management Unit Area I NTB Bangkit Maulana; Taslim Sjah; Hayati Hayati
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.12619

Abstract

Social forestry is one of the policy instruments expected to maintain forest carbon stock while supporting the achievement of Indonesia's climate change mitigation targets. This study aims to analyse the dynamics of carbon stock in social forestry areas within the Forest Management Unit (KPH) Region I of West Nusa Tenggara and to evaluate the difference in carbon stock before and after permit issuance. A before-after approach was applied to 45 Forest Farmer Groups, using the year of decree issuance as the reference point over a span of five years before to five years after issuance. Carbon stock was estimated by multiplying the area of each land cover class by its carbon factor, and the difference between periods was tested using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results show that the total carbon stock of the area declined from 1,594,074 tons C to 1,038,944 tons C, a reduction of 555,130 tons C equivalent to 2,035,475 tons of CO2-equivalent. As many as 37 of the 45 groups experienced a decline, and the statistical test confirmed a significant difference between conditions before and after permit issuance (p < 0.001). This decline was primarily caused by the conversion of forested land cover into agricultural land with lower carbon factors. These findings indicate that the issuance of social forestry permits in the study area has not succeeded in maintaining carbon stock, thus requiring strengthened post-permit governance and supervision so that social forestry can contribute positively to the Forestry and Other Land Use (FOLU) Net Sink 2030 target.

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