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Jurnal Pertahanan : Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity
Published by Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
ISSN : 20879415     EISSN : 25499459     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Other
Jurnal Pertahanan is published quarterly in April, August and December, it aimed to provide research articles in order to have a significant implication to the world of defense strategy. The Journal's primary objective is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in defense studies. Every article contains empirical results, research methods, managerial implication and latest references from primary sources. The Journal is highly relevant to all professionals, directors, managers, entrepreneurs, professors, academic researchers and graduate students in the field of international defense strategy studies. Jurnal Pertahanan published articles on international defense strategy and defense managements. Topics with theoretical or practical appeal or a mixture of both. Jurnal Pertahanan publishes scientific work of military, academics and observers in the common defense strategy and defense management.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 283 Documents
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Optimizing Intelligence Oversight in National Security Intelligence Fernando, yudha; Runturambi, Arthur Josias Simon
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 12, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v12i1.19881

Abstract

The importance of good governance, including accountability, is the basis for a democratic country. This principle is also urgent to be applied to intelligence governance to prevent abuse of power and ensure that intelligence operations are carried out responsibly. This study aims to identify the position of the national security intelligence oversight system in Indonesia and provide suggestions for optimizing intelligence oversight. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Primary and secondary data obtained through literature study, in-depth interviews and FGDs, were validated through triangulation methods and then analyzed using Miles and Huberman's qualitative analysis method. The results show that the layered supervision system applied to the intelligence oversight mechanism in Indonesia has met four of the six supervisory entities, including entities from within the intelligence agency itself, the executive, legislative and judiciary. In order to optimize the layered intelligence oversight system, the involvement of civil society entities and a new independent supervisory entity is needed. Meanwhile, to optimize the effectiveness of intelligence supervision, it is necessary to add three indicators of supervision effectiveness, including indicators of effectiveness related to timeliness, cost accuracy and measurement accuracy. The three indicators are to complement the seven existing indicators of supervision effectiveness such as accuracy of order execution, accuracy of determining objectives, supervisory mandate, budget control, committee membership, investigative authority and access to confidential information.
National Cyber Defense: Analysis of Incident Severity Factors Using a Decision Tree Fakhreja, Reyhan; Umam, Khaerul; Zahra, Kamila; Nurjiah, Imat Siti
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 11, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i1.19798

Abstract

Cybersecurity became Indonesia’s national defense priority after the April 2024 ransomware attack on critical infrastructure exposed systemic vulnerabilities. Despite BSSN’s establishment, inter-agency coordination remains fragmented, and response delays persist. This study aims to identify the key determinants of cyber-incident severity and propose data-driven policy recommendations. A descriptive quantitative approach was applied to all 77 incidents recorded by BSSN from January to September 2024 a period chosen because it follows new regulatory measures introduced at the start of 2024 and includes multiple high-profile events. BSSN data were cross-referenced with Kominfo and Id-SIRTII logs (revealing an 8 percent discrepancy) to enhance validity. Preprocessing involved removing non-contributory fields, grouping by attack type, sector, and severity, converting categorical variables (Incident Type, Sector, Origin, Mitigation Measures, Response Time, Status) into factors, and stratified splitting into 80 percent training and 20 percent testing subsets. A decision tree model in RStudio (pruned with cp = 0.05) yielded 93.75 percent accuracy, validated by 10-fold cross-validation (mean accuracy 92.5 percent, SD 2.1 percent). Results show Incident Type as the strongest predictor of severity, followed by Mitigation Measures and Response Time. Attacks responded to within 24 hours seldom exceed medium severity, whereas delays over 48 hours, especially for exploits, Trojans, and malware, almost always result in critical outcomes. Additionally, incidents from the United States and Singapore disproportionately target underdeveloped infrastructure and governance sectors, increasing severity. To bolster Indonesia’s cybersecurity resilience, recommendations include: expanding secure, evenly distributed digital infrastructure; establishing and reinforcing provincial CSIRTs; enforcing uniform audit and certification standards; and integrating digital literacy into education. Ultimately, deepening ASEAN CERT integration through synchronized incident classification and real-time threat attribution will bridge national and regional defense gaps, thereby enhancing cross-border response capabilities
Land Defense System Readiness of Indonesia New Capital City Panggabean, Jeffri Urbanus; Saputro, Guntur Eko
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i3.19735

Abstract

The relocation of Indonesia's capital to East Kalimantan introduces unique security risks distinct from those in Jakarta, including potential vulnerabilities to terrorism, espionage, and internal conflicts due to its remote location. This strategic move aims to address Jakarta’s long-standing issues of traffic congestion, air pollution, flooding, and overpopulation, which have overburdened its infrastructure. However, the development in East Kalimantan also poses environmental challenges, such as threats to tropical forests and endangered species habitats. This study examines the security implications and infrastructure requirements of relocating the capital. Employing a literature study method, it analyzes data from books, academic journals, articles, and other published works to develop a comprehensive foundation for policy formulation. The findings reveal that the relocation requires extensive investments in new defense infrastructure, logistical adjustments, and military operations to ensure national security. Integrating modern defense technology will involve significant investment in infrastructure, research and development, and personnel training. Key priorities include safeguarding radio and satellite communications, constructing a new command center, and incorporating advanced technologies such as drones, radar systems, and cybersecurity measures. Additionally, a data center is essential for big data analysis to enhance intelligence and decision-making capabilities. The relocation also necessitates upgrading military facilities and equipment, conducting comprehensive assessments of existing infrastructure, and ensuring readiness to respond to potential social unrest or conflicts. Despite challenges, relocating the capital provides an opportunity to design a modern and integrated defense system while building sustainable infrastructure. It also strengthens national defense readiness and resilience to address future security threats effectively. This study concludes that careful planning and strategic investments are essential to ensure a smooth transition and secure the new capital, optimizing its strategic advantages while mitigating risks.
The Implementation of Confidence-Building Measures (CBMs) in the South China Sea for Regional Stability through the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) Sembiring, Afri Emilia Br; Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu; Hadisancoko, Rizerius Eko; Wulandari, Adelia; Avanantsoa, Harlette Naudy Gea
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i2.19559

Abstract

Despite the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF)’s efforts to implement confidence-building measures (CBMs) since its establishment in 1994, there are still challenges that remain in achieving the desired level of trust and cooperation among its 27 member countries, particularly in the South China Sea (SCS). While CBM initiatives have contributed to reducing tensions, there is still a gap further complicated by the shifting power dynamics, particularly China’s rise and the United States’ strategic responses, which have heightened tensions in the Indo-Pacific region. Furthermore, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of confidence-building measures (CBMs) in defense cooperation and diplomacy within the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), specifically in the context of the South China Sea (SCS). By analyzing the existing CBMs and identifying the gaps between the current state and the desired outcomes, the research seeks to provide insights into how these measures can be enhanced to manage tensions better, build trust, and promote regional stability amidst the evolving security landscape in the Indo-Pacific region. This research underscores the importance of CBMs in regional diplomacy and their potential to shape a stable and cooperative Indo-Pacific environment. The research used qualitative research methods, collecting data from scientific journals, websites, and previous research, which were analyzed to explore CBMs’ role in enhancing regional security and cooperation. Results indicate that CBMs have played a crucial role in promoting peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific and have been instrumental in reducing mistrust and preventing conflicts. However, challenges persist due to the complexity of regional security threats and the diverse interests of member states. Sustained cooperation and adaptability are essential to address evolving security dynamics. The effectiveness of CBMs in the SCS will depend on a commitment to dialogue among parties.
CONTROVERSIES ON ARMS TRADE AND HUMAN SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST Mitayani, Nawang; Surwandono, Surwandono
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i3.19670

Abstract

The security of the Middle Eastern countries is impacted by the arms trade in the region. Human rights breaches in the Middle East are partly caused by the armaments trade. Currently, one of the primary goals in defending the nation against external threats is obtaining weapons. . The article  examine the Middle East's armaments trade and its impact on human security that analyzed with liberal theory. Descriptive qualitative research methodology was employed in this study. The information was gathered from research-related publications, websites, and other sources. This article finds that the massive arms trade in the Middle East is reducing the quality of human security, in the context of the absorption of welfare funds for arms purchases.
Implementation of Military Incident Management System in Disaster Management in Indonesia Amiruddin, Muhammad; Saragih, Herlina Juni Risma; Aritonang, Sovian; Sumarna, Sumarna
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i2.19515

Abstract

Indonesia’s success in disaster management cannot be separated from the military’s role. The military plays a strategic role by mobilizing military resources on a massive scale through the military command system. However, the ability of Indonesian Army (TNI AD) soldiers and organizations, in general, is considered to have limited capabilities specifically for personnel handling natural disasters. This research aims to map the disaster management implemented by the Indonesian Army in disaster response through the Incident Management System. Data collection was conducted interactively through qualitative methods with in-depth interviews with the Indonesian Army’s Supply and Transportation Unit (Pusbekangad). The research results show that the Indonesian Army (TNI AD) has competent resources in disaster response, involving the Indonesian Army’s Supply and Transportation Unit, which has primary skills and capabilities in logistics and transportation. These capabilities are facilitated by the Incident Management System, which is structured, systematic, and well-organized. The Incident Management System built by the Indonesian Army involves an incident commander, operation section, planning section, logistics section, finance/administration section, driver section, and the cooking team as a trained, capable, experienced, and ready-to-deploy ad-hoc organization in all operational areas. Indonesian Army uses the Incident Management System to respond to disasters such as earthquakes in Cianjur, South Kalimantan floods, and West Sulawesi floods. The Incident Management System serves 
Naval Diplomacy to Enhance Indonesia’s Maritime Security Irwanto, Bambang
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i3.19660

Abstract

This study examines Indonesia's role and contributions to the Maritime Task Force (MTF) of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), addressing the research question: How does Indonesia's participation in the UNIFIL MTF contribute to its diplomatic standing and international peacekeeping efforts? While the role of naval diplomacy in international politics has been widely studied, limited research focuses on non-aligned nations, such as Indonesia, in multinational peacekeeping operations. This study aims to address this gap by analyzing Indonesia's maritime diplomacy strategies and their implementation within UNIFIL’s peacekeeping mandate. Using a qualitative approach and the Miles and Huberman model, the research delves into Indonesia’s historical involvement in the MTF, its operational challenges, and its cooperation with the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF). Challenges include coordinating with diverse international actors and achieving peacekeeping objectives in a conflict-prone region. The findings underscore the significance of maritime diplomacy as a critical tool for Indonesia’s foreign policy, demonstrating how its naval forces enhance regional stability and contribute to international security. Indonesia’s proactive role in the MTF highlights its commitment to global peace and security, strengthening its standing as a responsible international actor. In conclusion, Indonesia’s maritime diplomacy not only projects power but also fosters collaborative relationships that advance global peacekeeping efforts and position the nation as a key contributor to international stability.
The Urgency of the Indigenous Peoples Bill: Developing a Legal Framework for the Protection of Environmental Activists in Indonesia Wijaya, I Ketut Kasta Arya; Azhar, Ali; Ridwan, Muannif; Fikri, KMS. Novyar Satriawan; Siregar, Vivi Ariani; Siagian, Ruben Cornelius
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 11, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i1.19762

Abstract

The research investigates the challenges faced by environmental and indigenous activists in Indonesia, focusing on how legal and institutional frameworks contribute to criminalization and repression. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research analyzed several landmark cases, including those of Daniel Frits Tangkilisan, Jasmin, and others, to identify recurring patterns of legal intimidation, particularly through the misuse of defamation and subversion provisions. These cases were selected based on their representativeness and relevance to broader trends observed in environmental conflicts involving indigenous peoples. The research identified systemic gaps in legal protection for environmental defenders by tracing the legal trajectory and socio-political context surrounding the incidents. These gaps allow industrial interests to suppress dissent and perpetuate ecological damage without adequate accountability. The findings demonstrate the interconnectedness of these patterns, exposing a broader legal and political landscape that fails to adequately safeguard human rights and environmental justice. The research contributes to academic discourse by offering a critical reflection on how existing legal instruments in Indonesia fail to address these issues. It argues that the passage of the Indigenous Peoples Bill could be an important step toward institutional reform by strengthening legal protections, enabling participatory resource governance, and reducing the criminalization of legitimate advocacy efforts. The novelty of this research lies in the analytical link between individual case dynamics and structural legal deficiencies, which provides a framework for policy discussions rooted in empirical evidence and grounded analysis.
Indonesia's Defense Diplomacy Towards France in 2019-2023 from Defense Diplomacy Motives Perspective Jamilah, Kinanti Maryam; Sari, Deasy Silvya
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 10, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v10i3.19647

Abstract

The dynamics in the regional and global scope encourage countries to implement defense diplomacy to achieve national defense and security interests. Indonesia is one of the countries that has implemented defense diplomacy and cooperated with many partners spread across various countries. However, from 2019 to 2023, Indonesia's defense diplomacy and cooperation strengthened with one country, France. This research aims to find out the motives of Indonesia's defense diplomacy towards France in the 2019-2023 period. This research uses a qualitative method with the concept of defense diplomacy motives from Frega Wenas Inkiriwang. The research uses data from books, journal articles, news, reports, and documents from official websites. The research data collection technique was conducted through literature studies and interviews. The results show that the motives of Indonesia's defense diplomacy towards France focus on the motives of strategic engagement, confidence-building measures, capacity building, and international reputation to overcome problems, such as inadequate defense equipment, limited defense technology, unfulfilled MEF I and II targets, lack of human resources capable of mastering defense technology, and the interests of maintaining the integration of the Republic of Indonesia. This study found that Indonesia should keep developing diplomatic connections with France to strengthen the defense industry's capabilities and the competency of the Indonesian National Military personnel. Nevertheless, the Indonesian government must establish a monitoring mechanism for cooperation in procuring defense equipment and staff training. This guarantees the continuation of the cooperation agreement, which promotes Indonesia's defense capabilities and independence. Indonesia is not intended to become dependent on France due to the ongoing collaboration; instead, it is designed to assist in developing national defense.
Politics in the Russia-Ukraine War (2022-2024) Sahl, Dafiq Febriali; Sulaeman, Ghina Hafiya; Saputri, Amallia Andini
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity Vol 11, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : The Republic of Indonesia Defense University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33172/jp.v11i1.19774

Abstract

The Russia-Ukraine War (2022) is a conflict that can be explained in terms of state behaviour (Russia) to defend itself from threats (NATO) by acting aggressively in accordance with Mearsheimer's theory of Offensive Realism. NATO's desire became the regional political context that drove the decision to invade Ukraine in 2022. The invasion had economic (and war) repercussions with international pressure with economic sanctions, but the war was sustained with capital and natural resources from its supporting coalition of powerful oligarchs and siloviki in Putin's circle and a national economic strategy to mitigate the economic sanctions. In addition to economics, the internal conflict within the military with the Wagner Coup was also an implication of the domestic military politics of the Russia-Ukraine War. Using a literature review, these three contexts are important to analyse the political, military and economic implications of the Russia-Ukraine War (2022). 

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