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Endang Wahyati
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SOEPRA Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2548818X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24167/shk
Core Subject : Health, Social,
The Journal focuses on the development of health law in Indonesia: national, comparative and international. The exchange of views between health lawyers in Indonesia is encouraged. The Journal publishes information on the activities of European and other international organizations in the field of health law. Discussions about ethical questions with legal implications are welcome. National legislation, court decisions and other relevant national material with international implications are also dealt with.
Articles 251 Documents
Tinjauan Yuridis Implementasi Aspek Keamanan dan Perlindungan Data pada Rekam Medis Elektronik di Rumah Sakit Berdasarkan PMK Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 Destri Maya Rani; Antonius Artanto Endro; Eddy Heri Purnomo
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1: Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v12i1.13767

Abstract

Penerapan Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME) merupakan kewajiban hukum bagi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 24 Tahun 2022. Regulasi ini menegaskan tanggung jawab rumah sakit dalam menjamin keamanan dan perlindungan data pasien berdasarkan prinsip confidentiality, integrity, dan availability. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara yuridis implementasi aspek keamanan dan perlindungan data RME di RS Sumber Waras Cirebon berdasarkan ketentuan PMK Nomor 24 Tahun 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis melalui wawancara mendalam dengan petugas rekam medis, petugas teknologi informasi, dan penanggung jawab sistem RME, serta studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RS Sumber Waras Cirebon telah menerapkan sebagian besar ketentuan keamanan RME, meliputi autentikasi pengguna, kontrol akses berbasis peran, pencatatan audit trail, mekanisme pengaduan, serta sistem pencadangan dan pemulihan data. Namun demikian, masih ditemukan kelemahan pada penerapan autentikasi ganda, enkripsi menyeluruh, dan stabilitas sistem. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi RME di RS Sumber Waras Cirebon telah memenuhi kewajiban hukum minimum, tetapi masih memerlukan penguatan aspek teknis dan kebijakan internal guna menjamin perlindungan data pasien secara optimal dan berkelanjutan. Abstract: The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is a legal obligation for healthcare facilities as stipulated in Minister of Health Regulation Number 24 of 2022. This regulation emphasizes the responsibility of hospitals in ensuring the security and protection of patient data based on the principles of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This study aims to examine the legal implementation of EMR security and data protection aspects at Sumber Waras Hospital in Cirebon based on the provisions of PMK Number 24 of 2022. The research method used is qualitative with a sociological legal approach through in-depth interviews with medical record officers, information technology officers, and EMR system administrators, as well as document studies. The results show that Sumber Waras Hospital in Cirebon has implemented most of the EMR security provisions, including user authentication, role-based access control, audit trail logging, complaint mechanisms, and data backup and recovery systems. However, weaknesses were still found in the implementation of double authentication, comprehensive encryption, and system stability. This study concludes that the implementation of RME at Sumber Waras Hospital in Cirebon has met the minimum legal requirements, but still needs to be strengthened in terms of technical aspects and internal policies in order to ensure optimal and sustainable protection of patient data.
Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Pengawasan Praktik Dokter Asing di Indonesia Pasca Pemberlakuan AFAS (Asean Framework Agreement on Services) Ronaldy Fensy Pratama; Arrie Budhiartie; Akbar Kurnia Putra
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2: Desember ( 2025 )
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i2.13818

Abstract

Keberlakuan ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services (AFAS) memberikan tantangan dan peluang bagi Indonesia dalam mengatur praktik kedokteran oleh dokter asing. Penelitian ini bertujuan unuk menganalisis fungsi negara dalam penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan yang melibatkan tenaga medis asing, serta dampaknya terhadap kualitas dan akses layanan kesehatan di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan metode normatif dan komparatif yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil peneititan menunjukan negara berperan penting dalam menetapkan regulasi yang mengatur izin praktik, kompetensi tenaga medis, serta pengawasan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan oleh dokter asing yang masuk dalam Peraturan Konsil Kedokteran Indonesia dan juga Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan Pasal 216-223 yang mengatur secara teknis operasional praktik tenaga medis dan tenaga kesehatan WNA di Indonesia.  Selain itu, diperlukan harmonisasi standar pelayanan antar negara ASEAN untuk memastikan keamanan dan kualitas layanan. Penelitian ini menyimpulakn bahwa fungsi negara dalam mengatur praktik dokter asing sangat krusial dan masih perlu perbaikan untuk melindungi kepentingan masyarakat, meningkatkan kualitas layanan kesehetan, dan memastikan memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan. Pertanggungjawaban pemerintah dalam mengeluarkan seluruh kebijakan agar dapat diperhatikan, karena menyangkut hak-hak masyarakat Indonesia. Penyelesaian permasalahan terhadap kasus medis oleh dokter asing menjadi urgensi pemerintah agar mencegah tindakan-tindakan yang merugikan negara maupun masyarakat. Dengan demikian, kolaborasi antara pemerintah dan stakeholder kesehatan menjadi kunci dalam menghadapi dinamika global di bidang kesehatan.Abstract: The implementation of the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services (AFAS) presents both challenges and opportunities for Indonesia in regulating the medical practice of foreign physicians. This study aims to examine the role of the State in the provision of healthcare services involving foreign medical practitioners and to analyze its implications for the quality and accessibility of healthcare services for the public. This research adopts a normative and comparative legal method, employing a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The findings indicate that the State plays a crucial role in establishing regulatory mechanisms governing licensing, professional competence, and supervision of foreign medical practitioners. These mechanisms are reflected in the regulations of the Indonesian Medical Council and in Articles 216–223 of Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, which provide the operational framework for the practice of foreign medical and healthcare personnel in Indonesia. The study further emphasizes the need for harmonization of healthcare service standards among ASEAN member states to ensure patient safety and service quality. It concludes that the State’s regulatory function remains essential and requires continuous improvement to protect public interests, enhance healthcare quality, and ensure compliance with established standards through effective governmental accountability and stakeholder collaboration.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pasien terhadap Hak Akses Rekam Medis Elektronik di Rumah sakit Paska PERMENKES Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang Rekam Medis Elektronik Magdalena Magdalena; Y. Budi Sarwo; Daniel Budi Wibowo
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1: Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v12i1.13422

Abstract

Terbitnya PERMENKES Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang Rekam Medis Elektronik, menimbulkan kewajiban bagi Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan menyelenggarakan RME. Pelaksanaan ini mengubah tatanan penyelenggaraan rekam medis secara menyeluruh. Hal ini juga berdampak pada pemberian hak akses pasien akan data medisnya, sehingga ada gap antara hak pasien secara hukum dengan penerapannya. Perlindungan hukum bagi pasien akan hak akses Rekam Medis Elektroniknya perlu dipastikan diterima oleh pasien.Dengan metode  pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, penelitian dilakukan pengamatan secara langsung (realitas sosial) dengan wawancara pada pasien, karyawan dan dokter  akan implementasi perlindungan hak akses akan data rekam medisnya dengan peraturan PERMENKES Nomor 24 tahun 2022 (selanjutnya disebut PERMENKES RME), Undang-Undang Kesehatan Tahun 2023 dan peraturan lain yang berlaku dengan RME. Selanjutnya melakukan analisa terhadap masalah dan rekomendasi penyelesaiannya.Hasil penelitian perlindungan hak akses pasien akan rekam medisnya paska PERMENKES RME di RS X, ditemukan pemberian hak akses pasien terhadap Rekam Medis Elektronik belum sepenuhnya dijalankan sesuai aturan perundang-undangan, sehingga pelaksanaan pemberian hak akses informasi tersebut tidak sama antara unit di RS X, demikian pila di Rumah sakit lain, dikarenakan belum ada ketetapan teknis atau prosedur baku.Kesimpulan penelitian: perlindungan hukum bagi pasien akan hak akses rekam medisnya belum seragam penerapannya, karena teknis pengaturannya diserahkan pada kebijakan internal masing-masing fasilitas kesehatan yang menjalankannya. Pemerintah perlu menerbitkan aturan teknis dan aturan turunan yang jelas dalam penyelenggaraan RME. Pemerintah juga perlu melakukan monitoring-evaluasi penyelenggaraan RME serta memastikan integrasi data kesehatan National ”Satu Sehat” tidak melanggar hukum dan hak asasi pasien. Abstract: The enactment of Ministry of Health Regulation (PERMENKES) No. 24/2022 mandates the implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) across Indonesian healthcare facilities, reshaping the governance of medical documentation and redefining patient access rights. This regulatory shift has created a gap between the legal entitlement of patients to access their medical data and the practical mechanisms available to fulfill these rights. Ensuring effective legal protection for patients in exercising EMR access is therefore critical.Using a socio legal research design, this study examines real-world practices through interviews with patients, healthcare staff, and physicians to assess the implementation of patient access rights under PERMENKES No. 24/2022, the 2023 Health Law, and related regulations. The analysis identifies systemic barriers and formulates recommendations for regulatory and operational improvement.Findings from Hospital X indicate that patient access to EMR is inconsistently implemented and not fully aligned with statutory requirements. Variations occur both across units within the hospital and among other healthcare institutions, largely due to the absence of standardized technical guidelines or mandatory operational procedures.The study concludes that legal protection for patient access rights remains fragmented, as technical implementation is delegated to internal policies of individual healthcare facilities. Clear technical regulations, derivative policies, and structured monitoring–evaluation mechanisms are urgently needed. The government must also ensure that national health data integration under the “Satu Sehat” platform complies with legal standards and safeguards patient rights.
Implikasi Hukum dan Pertimbangan Strategis dalam Proyek Infrastruktur Gas Medis Melalui Perjanjian Kerja Sama Operasional (KSO) Arikha Saputra; Budi Santoso; Budi Ispiyarso; Adi Suliantoro; Fitika Andraini; Antono Adhi
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2: Desember ( 2025 )
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i2.14600

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas dampak hukum serta pertimbangan strategis dalam pengembangan proyek infrastruktur gas medis melalui mekanisme Kerja Sama Operasional (KSO). Saat ini, KSO semakin penting dalam mendukung pembangunan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Meskipun KSO tidak diatur secara eksplisit dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata), mekanisme ini tetap digunakan sebagai dasar hukum bagi berbagai proyek infrastruktur, baik publik maupun swasta, termasuk instalasi gas medis di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini mencakup analisis terhadap tantangan hukum yang muncul, seperti status KSO sebagai entitas yang tidak berbadan hukum, serta bagaimana hak, kewajiban, dan risiko didistribusikan di antara para pihak yang terlibat dalam perjanjian. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mempertimbangkan manfaat strategis penggunaan KSO, antara lain pengurangan risiko finansial, percepatan proses pembangunan, serta pemanfaatan keahlian dari sektor swasta. Namun demikian, penggunaan KSO juga mengandung risiko tertentu, seperti kemungkinan terjadinya kegagalan teknis dan sengketa hukum, yang perlu dikelola secara tepat melalui kontrak yang jelas dan mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif. Secara umum, penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan panduan hukum dan strategis bagi berbagai pihak, seperti rumah sakit, investor swasta, dan pemerintah, dalam merancang proyek gas medis yang legal, aman, dan berkelanjutan. Diharapkan, temuan penelitian ini dapat membantu meningkatkan efisiensi layanan kesehatan serta mendukung kebijakan kesehatan nasional.Abstract: This study discusses the legal impact and strategic considerations in the development of medical gas infrastructure projects through the Operational Cooperation Agreement (KSO) mechanism. Currently, KSOs are increasingly important in supporting the development of healthcare facilities in Indonesia. Although KSOs are not explicitly regulated in the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), they are still considered the legal basis for various infrastructure projects, both public and private, including medical gas installations in hospitals. This study includes an analysis of the legal challenges that arise, such as the KSO's status as an entity without legal status, and how rights, obligations, and risks are distributed among the parties involved in the agreement. In addition, this study also considers the strategic benefits of using KSOs, such as reducing financial risks, accelerating the development process, and obtaining expertise from the private sector. However, the use of KSOs also carries certain risks, such as the possibility of technical failures and legal disputes, which need to be managed properly through clear contracts and effective dispute resolution mechanisms. In general, this research aims to provide legal and strategic guidance for various parties, such as hospitals, private investors, and the government, in designing legal, safe, and sustainable medical gas projects. It is hoped that the research findings will help improve the efficiency of healthcare services and support national health policies.
Peran Komite Etik Penelitian Kesehatan RS dalam Perlindungan Subjek Penelitian Klinik: Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia Susy Ariyanie Yusuf; Y. Trihoni Nalesti Dewi; Edward Kurnia Limijadi
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1: Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v12i1.15155

Abstract

Penelitian klinik merupakan kegiatan ilmiah yang memiliki potensi risiko terhadap subjek manusia sehingga memerlukan mekanisme perlindungan yang kuat berbasis etika dan hukum. Komite Etik Penelitian Kesehatan (KEPK) Rumah Sakit berperan sebagai lembaga independen yang menilai, mengawasi, dan menjamin bahwa penelitian klinik berjalan sesuai prinsip bioetika dan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Berbagai regulasi telah mengatur peran Komite Etik Penelitian Kesehatan (KEPK) dalam melindungi subjek penelitian. Namun, penelitian terdahulu masih didominasi kajian normatif dan kepatuhan prosedural, sementara analisis mengenai implementasi peran KEPK Rumah Sakit dalam perlindungan subjek penelitian klinik dari perspektif HAM serta kesenjangan antara norma dan praktik masih terbatas.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan peran KEPK Rumah Sakit dalam perlindungan subjek penelitian klinik dalam perspektif HAM, implementasi perlindungan subjek penelitian klinik oleh KEPK di RS ST. Elisabeth Semarang, dan  kesesuaian implementasi dengan ketentuan normatif. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis integratif antara aspek hukum kesehatan, bioetika, dan HAM melalui pendekatan perbandingan antara das Sollen dan das Sein dalam pelaksanaan fungsi KEPK di lingkungan rumah sakit.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, serta kajian dokumen hukum dan administrasi KEPK. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan interpretasi hukum (gramatikal, sistematis, historis, sosiologis, dan teleologis) untuk menilai kesenjangan antara das Sollen dan das Sein.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka hukum Indonesia meliputi UUD 1945, UU Kesehatan, UU HAM, serta Permenkes terkait KEPK telah mengatur secara jelas kewajiban perlindungan subjek penelitian. KEPK RS ST. Elisabeth Semarang telah menjalankan fungsi telaah etik, validasi informed consent, dan pemantauan penelitian sesuai standar. Namun, ditemukan beberapa hambatan seperti keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana, dan pelatihan etik anggota, serta belum tertanamnya budaya etik penelitian. Kesenjangan antara norma dan praktik menunjukkan perlunya penguatan kelembagaan, peningkatan kapasitas etik anggota KEPK, serta transparansi dalam proses telaah, pemantauan dan pelaporan penelitian. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya peran strategis KEPK dalam menjamin bahwa penelitian klinik tidak hanya sah secara ilmiah, tetapi juga menjunjung tinggi martabat manusia. Penguatan implementasi regulasi dan tata kelola KEPK diperlukan agar perlindungan HAM terhadap subjek penelitian klinik dapat terwujud secara optimal.Abstract: Clinical research is a scientific activity that carries potential risks for human subjects, thereby requiring strong ethical and legal protection mechanisms. The Health Research Ethics Committee (HREC) of a hospital serves as an independent body responsible for reviewing, overseeing, and ensuring that clinical research is conducted in accordance with the principles of bioethics and human rights. Various regulations have established the role of Health Research Ethics Committees (HRECs) in protecting research participants. However, previous studies have primarily focused on normative and procedural aspects, while limited attention has been given to the implementation of hospital-based HRECs from a human rights perspective and the gap between normative provisions and actual practice.This study aims to analyse the regulatory framework governing the role of hospital HRECs in protecting clinical research subjects from a human rights perspective, to examine the implementation of such protections by the HREC at ST. Elisabeth Hospital Semarang, and to assess the alignment of its practices with normative standards. This study offers a novel contribution by integrating health law, bioethics, and human rights perspectives to examine the discrepancy between normative standards (das Sollen) and actual practices (das Sein) in the implementation of the functions of Health Research Ethics Committees (HRECs) in hospitals.This research employs a qualitative method with a socio legal approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and reviews of legal documents and HREC administrative records. The analysis was carried out using legal interpretation methods (grammatical, systematic, historical, sociological, and teleological) to identify gaps between das Sollen and das Sein.The results indicate that Indonesia’s legal framework including the 1945 Constitution, the Health Law, the Human Rights Law, and Ministry of Health regulations governing HRECs provides clear guidelines on the obligation to protect research subjects. The HREC of ST. Elisabeth Hospital Semarang has performed ethical review, validated informed consent, and monitored ongoing research in accordance with established standards. However, several challenges remain, including limited human resources, infrastructure constraints, insufficient ethics training for committee members, and the lack of a strong research ethics culture. The gap between normative provisions and actual practice highlights the need for institutional strengthening, capacity building for HREC members, and improved transparency in review, monitoring, and reporting processes.This study underscores the strategic role of HRECs in ensuring that clinical research is not only scientifically sound but also upholds human dignity. Strengthening regulatory implementation and HREC governance is essential to achieving optimal human rights protection for clinical research subjects
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen dan Pelaku Usaha Terhadap Produk Obat yang Tidak Bersertifikasi Halal Hilda Muliana; Sabda Wahab; Ronny Sutanto
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1: Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v12i1.13719

Abstract

Kewajiban negara untuk menjamin kebebasan beragama sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 29 ayat (2) UUD 1945 menjadi dasar perlindungan atas hak umat Islam untuk mengonsumsi produk halal, termasuk obat-obatan. Meskipun Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal telah mengatur kewajiban sertifikasi halal, implementasinya pada sektor farmasi masih lemah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen dan pelaku usaha dalam konteks peredaran produk obat yang tidak bersertifikasi halal. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiadaan label halal pada produk obat menimbulkan kerugian baik materiil maupun immateriil bagi konsumen Muslim, serta menciptakan ketimpangan kompetisi di antara pelaku usaha. UU JPH, UU Perlindungan Konsumen dan Pepres 3/2023 telah memberikan dasar hukum preventif dan represif melalui sanksi administratif, pidana, serta hak untuk mengajukan gugatan perdata. Namun demikian, pengawasan yang lemah, ketidakharmonisan regulasi, dan beban administratif menjadi hambatan signifikan. Kesimpulannya, perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen dan pelaku usaha belum optimal. Diperlukan harmonisasi regulasi, penyederhanaan prosedur sertifikasi, dan penguatan pengawasan terpadu untuk menjamin hak konsumen sekaligus menciptakan iklim usaha yang adil dan berintegritas di sektor farmasi.Abstract: The state's obligation to guarantee freedom of religion as stipulated in Article 29 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution is the basis for protecting the right of Muslims to consume halal products, including medicines. Although Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance has established the obligation to obtain halal certification, its implementation in the pharmaceutical sector remains weak. This study aims to analyze the forms of legal protection for consumers and business actors in the context of the circulation of medicinal products that are not halal-certified. The method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that the absence of halal labels on drug products causes both material and immaterial losses for Muslim consumers, as well as creating inequality of competition among business actors. The JPH Law, the Consumer Protection Law, and Presidential Decree 3/2023 have provided a legal basis for preventive and repressive measures through administrative and criminal sanctions, as well as the right to file civil lawsuits. However, weak supervision, regulatory disharmony, and administrative burdens are significant obstacles. In conclusion, legal protection for consumers and business actors has not been optimal. It is necessary to harmonize regulations, simplify certification procedures, and strengthen integrated supervision to ensure consumer rights while creating a fair, integrity-driven business climate in the pharmaceutical sector.
Perlindungan Hak Pasien Atas Kerahasiaan Data Pribadi Dalam Pelaksanaan Rekam Medis Elektronik Di Unit Rawat Jalan Rsu Budi Rahayu Pekalongan Elvika Chandra Pranata; B. Resti Nurhayati; Hartanto Hartanto
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2: Desember ( 2025 )
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i2.12425

Abstract

Abstract: The right to privacy of personal health data and information is individual’s right. The advancement of digital technology encourages medical records to be managed electronically with principles of data and information security and confidentiality. Electronic Medical Records (EMR) are at risk of leakage, which can harm both patients and hospitals. Therefore, it is necessary to review how patients’ rights to the confidentiality of personal data are protected in the implementation of EMR. The research approach used is the juridical-sociological method. The research specification is analytical-descriptive with qualitative data analysis. From the research, it is concluded that there are regulations at Budi Rahayu Hospital that govern the protection of patients’ rights to the confidentiality of personal data in the implementation of EMR. The implementation of protecting patients' rights to the confidentiality of personal data in Electronic Medical Records (RME) at the Outpatient Department of RSU Budi Rahayu is done by providing access restrictions for each account according to its purpose, user ID and password for each account are confidential, reporting only as needed and according to regulations. Access to medical record contents is granted solely to patients or their closest family members with patient consent, healthcare financiers as permitted, and entities specified by legal regulations. Access to EMR is restricted to local server IP addresses and not publicly disclosed, with a firewall used to secure the SIMRS’ system. Up until the time of the research, there had been no leakage of patients’ data in EMR. Challenges in implementing the protection of patients’ rights to confidentiality of personal data in EMR include: some employees not changing their account passwords, the presence of autofill features, lack of ability to operate EMR, lack of clarity on vendor access restrictions to EMR, lack of patients’ knowledge regarding the confidentiality of their personal data, and incomplete interoperability capabilities of EMR.Abstrak: Hak atas kerahasiaan data dan informasi kesehatan pribadi merupakan hak yang dimiliki oleh setiap orang. Perkembangan teknologi digital mendorong rekam medis diselenggarakan secara elektronik dengan prinsip keamanan dan kerahasiaan data dan informasi. Rekam Medis Elektronik (RME) berisiko mengalami kebocoran sehingga merugikan pasien maupun rumah sakit. Oleh karena itu, perlu ditinjau bagaimana perlindungan hak pasien atas kerahasiaan data pribadi dalam pelaksanaan RME. Metode pendekatan menggunakan metode yuridis sosiologis. Spesifikasi penelitian adalah deskriptif analitis dengan analisis data kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peraturan di RSU Budi Rahayu yang mengatur tentang perlindungan hak pasien atas kerahasiaan data pribadi dalam pelaksanaan RME. Pelaksanaan perlindungan hak pasien atas kerahasiaan data pribadi dalam RME di URJ RSU Budi Rahayu dilakukan dengan cara memberikan batasan hak akses, user ID dan password setiap akun rahasia, serta melaporkan informasi hanya sesuai kebutuhan dan ketentuan. Akses ke isi rekam medis hanya diberikan kepada pasien atau keluarga terdekat yang memiliki izin dari pasien, penjamin pembiayaan pasien sesuai dengan izin yang diberikan, serta pihak yang ditetapkan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan. Akses ke RME hanya dapat dilakukan melalui IP address server lokal yang tidak dipublikasikan, dengan penggunaan firewall untuk mengamankan sistem SIMRS. Sampai dengan saat penelitian dilakukan, belum pernah terjadi kebocoran data RME pasien. Hambatan pelaksanaan perlindungan hak pasien atas kerahasiaan data pribadi dalam RME di URJ RSU Budi Rahayu yaitu: kata sandi belum dirubah, adanya fitur autofill, kurangnya kemampuan mengoperasikan RME, kurangnya kejelasan batasan hak akses vendor, kurangnya pengetahuan pasien tentang hak kerahasiaan data pribadinya, serta pelaksanaan RME belum sepenuhnya memiliki kemampuan interoperabilitas.
Analisis Yuridis Keabsahan KMK No. 1112 Tahun 2022 tentang Klaim Biaya Pasien Covid-19 Berdasarkan Asas Non-Retroaktif Anton Sudarto; Eko Nurmardiyansyah; Sukini Sukini
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1: Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v12i1.13579

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan Keputusan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 1112 Tahun 2022 tentang Klaim Biaya Pasien Covid-19 ditinjau dari Asas Non-Retroaktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan politik hukum. Bahan hukum yang digunakan terdiri atas bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan metode silogisme deduktif, yaitu menarik kesimpulan khusus dari proposisi umum yang kebenarannya telah diyakini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KMK Nomor 1112 Tahun 2022 merupakan peraturan teknis yang diterbitkan Menteri Keuangan sebagai pejabat yang berwenang di bidang keuangan negara. Penerapan asas non-retroaktif dalam KMK tersebut dapat dikualifikasi sebagai bentuk diskresi pejabat pemerintahan yang bertujuan mengisi kekosongan hukum, memberikan kepastian hukum, serta mengatasi stagnasi penyelenggaraan pemerintahan demi kepentingan umum. Berdasarkan aspek kewenangan, prosedur, dan substansi serta berpedoman pada Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik, KMK Nomor 1112 Tahun 2022 dinyatakan sah secara hukum.Abstract: This study aims to analyze the validity of Minister of Finance Decree No. 1112 of 2022 on Covid-19 Patient Cost Claims based on the Non-Retroactive Principle. This research employs normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and legal politics approaches. Primary and secondary legal materials were used as data sources. The analysis applies deductive syllogism reasoning, deriving specific conclusions from established general propositions. The findings reveal that MoF Decree No. 1112/2022 is a technical regulation issued by the Minister of Finance as the authorized official in state financial affairs. The application of the non-retroactive principle in the decree can be classified as governmental discretion intended to fill legal gaps, provide legal certainty, and overcome governmental stagnation for public interest. Based on authority, procedure, substance, and the General Principles of Good Governance, MoF Decree No. 1112/2022 is legally valid.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Pengguna Jasa dan Produk Gigi Tiruan Tukang Gigi Legal dan Ilegal di Kabupaten Tuban Triyana Rochmawati; Solehoddin Solehoddin; Widodo Widodo
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2: Desember ( 2025 )
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i2.14735

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini antara lain untuk menganalisis bentuk pertanggungjawaban hukum tukang gigi legal dan illegal dalam hal terjadinya risiko buruk pada kesehatan pengguna jasa dan produk gigi tiruan dan perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen akibat terjadinya praktik tukang gigi secara legal dan ilegal di Tuban Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis empiris. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Tuban. Bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Hasil penelitian dijelaskan bahwa 1) Pertanggungjawaban tukang gigi berdasarkan aspek hukum positif di indonesia sesuai dengan keberadaan tukang gigi illegal di kabupaten Tuban dijelaskan tukang gigi illegal di Kabupaten Tuban melakukan penyalahan wewenang yang dilakukan tukang gigi illegal di Kabupaten Tuban: 2) Bentuk perlindungan hukum kepada pengguna jasa tukang gigi ilegal di Kabupaten Tuban  dijelaskan bahwa Perlindungan hukum bagi pengguna jasa tukang gigi ilegal mencakup upaya represif (penyelesaian sengketa, tuntutan pidana/perdata/administratif) dan preventif (pembinaan, sosialisasi bahaya) melalui dasar hukum seperti UUPK, KUHP, dan peraturan kesehatan, di mana konsumen bisa menuntut ganti rugi berdasarkan wanprestasi atau perbuatan melawan hukum, serta sanksi bagi tukang gigi ilegal berupa denda, pencabutan izin, hingga pidana penjara, sejalan dengan UU Praktik Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Abstract: The objectives of this study are, among others, to analyze the forms of legal liability of licensed and unlicensed dental technicians in the event of adverse health risks suffered by users of dental services and denture products, as well as to examine the legal protection afforded to consumers arising from both lawful and unlawful dental technician practices in Tuban Regency. This research employs an empirical juridical research method. The study was conducted in Tuban Regency. The legal materials used consist of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials.The findings of the study indicate that: (1) the legal liability of dental technicians based on the perspective of positive law in Indonesia, particularly concerning the existence of unlicensed dental technicians in Tuban Regency, demonstrates that unlicensed dental technicians have committed abuses of authority in the provision of dental services; and (2) the forms of legal protection for users of services provided by unlicensed dental technicians in Tuban Regency include both repressive measures (such as dispute resolution and criminal, civil, and administrative claims) and preventive measures (including guidance and public dissemination regarding potential health risks). Such legal protection is based on statutory frameworks including the Consumer Protection Law, the Criminal Code, and health-related regulations, under which consumers may seek compensation on the grounds of breach of contract or unlawful acts. Furthermore, sanctions imposed on unlicensed dental technicians may include fines, revocation of permits, and imprisonment, in accordance with the Medical Practice Law and Health Law.
Problematika Hukum Pelayanan Kesehatan dalam Perspektif Penegakan Disiplin Profesi Berdasarkan Permenkes No. 3 Tahun 2025 Indra Widjayanto
Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2: Desember ( 2025 )
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24167/sjhk.v11i2.14201

Abstract

Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan hak fundamental warga negara yang dijamin dalam UUD 1945 dan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Namun, dalam praktiknya, pelayanan kesehatan kerap menghadapi problematika hukum yang berkaitan dengan dugaan pelanggaran disiplin profesi. Terbitnya Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan (Permenkes) Nomor 3 Tahun 2025 tentang Penegakan Disiplin Profesi Tenaga Medis dan Tenaga Kesehatan menjadi instrumen hukum pelaksanaan baru yang mengubah paradigma pengawasan dari berbasis organisasi profesi menjadi terpusat pada pemerintah (Majelis Disiplin Profesi). Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) mengidentifikasi problematika hukum dalam pelayanan kesehatan pasca perubahan regulasi disiplin profesi; (2) menganalisis sinkronisasi Permenkes No. 3 Tahun 2025 dengan UU No. 17 Tahun 2023; dan (3) menawarkan alternatif solusi pemecahan masalah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa problematika utama bukan lagi pada irisan kewenangan dengan organisasi profesi, melainkan pada potensi kekaburan norma antara pelanggaran "etik murni" dan "disiplin" dalam mekanisme peradilan profesi yang baru, serta ketiadaan hukum acara yang rigid untuk menjamin hak pembelaan diri tenaga kesehatan. Sinkronisasi dengan UU Kesehatan dan KUHP (terkait pidana medis) memerlukan aturan turunan yang lebih teknis untuk mencegah kriminalisasi berlebihan. Untuk itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi terkait hukum acara disiplin, penerapan prinsip restorative justice yang terintegrasi, serta penegasan batas yurisdiksi antara kelalaian administratif, pelanggaran disiplin, dan tindak pidana.Abstract: Healthcare is a fundamental right of citizens guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health. However, in practice, health services often face legal problems related to alleged violations of professional discipline. The issuance of Minister of Health Regulation (Permenkes) Number 3 of 2025 concerning the Enforcement of Professional Discipline for Medical and Health Workers has become a new legal instrument that changes the paradigm of supervision from being based on professional organizations to being centered on the government (Professional Disciplinary Council). This study aims to: (1) identify legal issues in health services after changes in professional discipline regulations; (2) analyze the synchronization of Permenkes No. 3 of 2025 with Law No. 17 of 2023; and (3) offer alternative solutions to the problems. The research method used is normative juridical with a statute approach and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that the main problem is no longer the intersection of authority with professional organizations, but rather the potential ambiguity of norms between “pure ethical” and “disciplinary” violations in the new professional court mechanism, as well as the absence of rigid procedural laws to guarantee the right of defense for health workers. Synchronization with the Health Law and the Criminal Code (related to medical crimes) requires more technical derivative regulations to prevent excessive criminalization. To that end, it is necessary to strengthen regulations related to disciplinary procedural law, apply integrated principles of restorative justice, and clarify the jurisdictional boundaries between administrative negligence, disciplinary violations, and criminal acts