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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
 66   67   68   69   70 
Growth, Development and Survival Rate of The Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Cultured using Different Larvae Feeds Rabby, Ahmad Fazley; Rahman, Turabur; Islam, Zahidul; Hasan, Jakia; Aktaruzzaman, Md; Rahman, Shafiqur; Karim, Ehsanul; Ali, Md Zulfikar
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.147-155

Abstract

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the most important commodities of softshell industry. Besides mud crab its demand as feed is increasing day by day. As a coastal dominant country, Bangladesh has a great feasibility of this species in culture, production, use and export. However, the production contribution from Bangladesh is still from natural sources and far behind in terms of farming, culture and production. Optimization of larval rearing techniques is therefore important to develop intensive hatchery rearing technique for this species. So, this study is aimed to develop larvae production technique of Portunus pelagicus with a better survival rate. Newly hatched first zoeal of Portunus pelagicus were reared using three different diets till second zoeal stage: (Treatment 1= Artemia franciscana umbrella + Rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis); Treatment 2= Rotifer (B. rotundiformis) and Treatment 3= Artemia franciscana umbrella). Then, Artemia franciscana nauplii were used for all three treatments till they metamorphosed to crab instar. Regularly, water quality parameters were monitored and maintained and the survival and molting to next stages was observed. The result showed that, all the hatched zoea of P. pelagicus could successfully turns into crab instar stage under all the treatment applied, but the highest survival rate 6.08% was found in case of treatment 2 followed by 0.58%, 0.91%, respectively in treatment 1 and 3. In terms of metamorphosis, it took more than 15 and 14 days respectively from zoea 1 to metamorphose into megalopa for treatments 1 and 3, whereas metamorphosis from zoea 1 to megalopa in treatment 2 finished at the 12th day with a higher Larval Stage Index (LSI) value which was 4.9. Finally, at the 15th day larvae were metamorphosed into crablet for treatment 2 and 18 and 16 days required for metamorphosis into crablets for treatment 1 and 3, respectively. However, the larval feed showed a significant effect on growth and survival of P. pelagicus larvae, whereas the earlier larval stage of P. pelagicus rearing with Rotifer (B. rotundiformis) is found as the most suitable diet.
Multi-biomarker Approach as a Response of Oxidative Stress in Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) Obtained from the Algerian west coast Belmokhtar, Rahma; Belmokhtar, Fayza; Kerfouf, Ahmed; Hamed, Mohammed Bey Baba
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.3.309-320

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the oxidative stress potential of Mytilus galloprovincialis across four sites along the Algerian west coast from March 2022 to June 2022. Among these sites, three were previously identified as contaminated, while the Barbadjanie site was considered isolated and distant from pollution sources. We measured glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as the specific activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) in the digestive glands of the mussels. Our findings revealed a significant decrease in GSH levels in mussels from the contaminated sites, indicating reduced antioxidant capacity. In contrast, MDA levels, GST, and CAT activities exhibited significant increases (P< 0.05) in the same mussels, suggesting heightened oxidative stress and increased cellular damage. To further evaluate the impact of pollution, we applied the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index to the four biomarkers measured. The IBR analysis showed the lowest score for mussels from Barbadjanie, confirming its relatively low pollution impact, and the highest score for mussels from Beni Saf Port, indicating severe pollution effects. This multi-biomarker approach was effective in demonstrating oxidative stress responses in mussels, highlighting its reliability in assessing the impacts of environmental pollution on aquatic organisms. The study underscores the importance of using comprehensive biomonitoring tools to evaluate ecological health and pollution effects in marine environments.
Impact of Varied Lead Concentrations on Lead Accumulation in the Body, Heart and Gill Damage of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Sukardi, Reski Wahyuni; Djawad, Muhammad Iqbal; Azis, Hasni Yulianti; Manaf, Sharifah Raina
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.85-96

Abstract

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is valued in aquaculture for its affordability and nutritional richness. However, conventional farming techniques frequently result in suboptimal yields due to lead (Pb) contamination. Traditional milkfish ponds are typically situated near coastal areas, river waters, estuaries, ports, and industrial zones, rendering them susceptible to contamination, particularly from heavy metals, like Pb. This study aimed to analyze Pb accumulation in the body of milkfish juvenile, identify liver and gills damage, and examine the growth rate and survival of milkfish exposed to Pb at various concentrations. Juvenile milkfish were exposed to various concentrations of PbNO3, namely 0 mL.L-1, 0.08 mL.L-1, 0.8 mL.L-1, and 8 mL.L-1, including the non-exposed control group. The metal content of the fish bodies was measured using an AA spectrophotometer. Histological analysis of the liver and gills of the fish was performed to evaluate organ damage. The results showed significant Pb accumulation has been observed in milkfish exposed to high Pb concentrations. The control treatments showed a decrease in metal content, whereas treatments with high concentrations showed a significant increase. Exposure to Pb within 30 d can cause organ damage, such as inflammatory cells, secondary lamella fusion, and necrosis that occurs in the gills. In the liver, there is damage such as the accumulation of inflammatory cells, necrosis, and hydrofic degeneration. Pb exposure rapidly damages and disrupts milkfish's biological functions, influencing survival and growth. Pb exposure with doses 8 mL.L-1 significantly affected juvenile milkfish within approximately 60 min. 
Heating Experiments on Benthic Foraminifera Ammonia sp. to Assess the Suitability of Amino Acid-Based Dating Hidayat, Rahmadi; Barianto, Didit Hadi; Surjono, Sugeng Sapto; Ali, Che Aziz
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.3.293-300

Abstract

Sub-milligram fossil biominerals, mainly benthic foraminifera, have been recently used to estimate the age of sediments determined from amino acid dating due to the minimum sample size requirement for reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). This includes the collection of Ammonia sp., known as a key species occupying restricted lagoonal environments. However, an experiment has not been conducted to understand the racemization kinetics in order to examine the reliability of this species for amino acid racemization (AAR) geochronology. This research aims to determine the trend of the extent of racemization and the amino acid concentration, leading to the recommendation of Ammonia sp. shells as a dating specimen. The results exhibit a predictable pattern, demonstrating a consistently increasing extent of racemization after oven heating for up to 168 h without any indication of reversal pattern. The racemization rate differs from four selected amino acids reported in this study, where aspartic acid is the fastest, followed by glutamic acid, valine and isoleucine epimerization. Moreover, the consistent proportion of total amino acid and the decline of amino acid concentrations can be clearly observed following exponential decay. Therefore, this foraminifer can be used as an alternative specimen to establish amino acid-based geochronology, particularly in the depositional environment lacking other microfossils. Due to its confined habitat, amino acid-based dating of Ammonia sp. is considered applicable to understand the small environmental changes related to marginal marine successions.
Blue Swimming Crab’s Conservation Area Determination in The North of Java Sea Using Reproductive Indicator Putri Novianingrum, Milka; Hartati, Retno; Pribadi, Rudhi; Käll, Sofia; Redjeki, Sri
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 4 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.4.321-333

Abstract

Despite being operated on a small scale, Blue Swimming Crab (BSC), Portunus pelagicus fishery substantially contributes to Indonesia's fisheries as the country's third-largest export commodity after tuna and shrimp. The high of BSC’s demand led to pressure on its stock. Hence a conservation area is needed to be set up, in this study, was proposed using reproduction indicators. with the case study of BSC Stock in Keboromo Waters, Pati Regency, North Central Java. The samples were collected from 38 sampling points at a distance of 2-12 miles from the coastline during November-December 2022 using collapsible crab traps.  A reproduction observation on female crabs was carried out on their carapace width and gonad maturity stage. The data then were analyzed for the percentage of egg-berried females (EBF), size at first maturity (Lm) and first captured (Lc), and their spawning potential Ratio (SPR).  This study found that the mature crabs (GMS2) in November and December were higher than in other stages while the proportion of ovigerous females (EBF) in December was higher than in November. At several sampling points, the size at first captures (Lc) was higher than that at first maturity (Lm) indicating a decrease in resource stocks due to a delay in the recruitment process. SPR of 19% showed that reproductive potential should be maintained before recruitment is limited, therefore based on the existence of EBF in particular sampling points it is recommended three conservation areas as a temporary no-take zone in BSC fishing ground in Keboromo Watres, Pati Regency.
Comparative Morphology of Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bowdich, 1825) From Three Estuaries Adjoining the Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria Eriegha, Ochuko Joshua; Ekelemu, Jerimoth Kesena; Nwachi, Oster Francis
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 2 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.2.211-221

Abstract

Environmental interactions have long been considered an important factor in morphological differentiation in fish species. This study evaluated the morphological variations in Ethmalosa fimbriata from three water bodies (Qua Iboe estuary, Escravos estuary, and Lagos lagoon) adjoining the Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria. Fish samples were collected with the assistance of fishers using nets and were taken to the laboratory, where they were identified. Morphological evaluations were thereafter made on a total of 450 samples, comprising 150 random samples from each water body. Fish from the Qua Iboe estuary and Lagos lagoon shared the most morphometric characteristics (weight, standard length, dorsal fin base, and caudal peduncle length) that were significantly different (P< 0.05) from those in the Escravos estuary. The length-weight regression of E. fimbriata can be described by the following equation: W = 0.163TL2.7078, W = 0.1915TL1.4322, and W = 0.2039TL1.4394 for Qua Iboe estuary, Escravos estuary, and Lagos lagoon, respectively. The regression coefficient b revealed that all three populations of E. fimbriata had a negative allometric growth pattern. Fish samples from the Lagos lagoon had the highest condition factor (1.01±0.02) while those from the Escravos estuary had the least (0.79±0.02). Conclusively, the study revealed that E. fimbriata from the Escravos estuary was less fit compared with the other water bodies. This may be attributed to crude oil pollution, overfishing, and frequent water disturbance by vessels. The data generated is critical to understanding population dynamics and further contributing to sustainable fisheries practices, management, and conservation efforts.
The Impact of Varying Alginate Co-activation with Probiotics on the Artemia Bioencapsulation to Enhance Immunity Against Vibrio spp. Suryono, Chrisna Adhi; Santoso, Adi; Yudiati, Ervia; Yulianto, Bambang; Sunaryo, Sunaryo; Azhar, Nuril; Alghazeer, Rabia
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.3.372-384

Abstract

Alginate is known as an immunostimulant. The comprehensive study of Artemia on its co-activity with Lactobacillus bulgaricus resolves the relationship of feed digestibility, hematological parameters, gene expression, feed digestibility, and disease-resistant have not been covered. This study aimed to determine the effect of various doses alginate with Lactobacillus bulgaricus bio-encapsulated Artemia in Vibrio vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. harveyi challenged. Alginate from Sargassum sp. L. bulgaricus were cultured and grown with de Man, Rogosa and Shape media. Nauplii Artemia was encapsulated for one hour with 400, 600, 800 ppm alginate doses, with and without probiotics. The Artemia then was challenged with three Vibrio spp. The Artemia mortality, immune parameters (Phenol Oxidase, Super-oxide Dismutase) were evaluated. Pro Phenol Oxidase, b-1,3-glucan-binding proteins (LGBP), and Lectin gene expression as well as gut evacuation time, fullness of gut were recorded.  Compared to the non-probiotic alginate, co- probiotic activated and improved the mortality rate of 400 ppm alginate from 100% to 30-70% (36 h), CMI of 276-702, and mortality reduction (41.21-74.59%). The co-activity of 400 ppm alginate and L. bulgaricus resulted in higher PO and SOD activity. LGBP and proPO gene expression were also upregulated 233.44% and 185.17%. The gut evacuation time and fullness of alginate 400 ppm and L. bulgaricus treatment have also resulted in better performance than those of 800 ppm alginate without probiotics. Alginate and L. bulgaricus probiotics cooperated synergically through pre and probiotic mechanisms. This Artemia bio model defines that this combination will improve the survival rate, immune system, and gene expression. In the future this will be beneficial in terms of shrimp production in ponds.
Seagrass Biodiversity and its Drivers in the Kepulauan Banyak Marine Nature Park, Indonesia Nasution, Muhammad Arif; Hermi, Rudi; Heriansyah, Heriansyah; Lubis, Friyuanita; Saputra, Fazril; Ammar, Esraa E; Akbar, Helmy
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.156-169

Abstract

Seagrasses are important marine plants that provide a variety of ecosystem services, including food and shelter for marine life, and protection from coastal erosion. This study investigated the biodiversity (alpha and beta diversity) of seagrass in the Kepulauan Banyak Marine Nature Park, Indonesia, with a specific focus on eight sites. Alpha diversity was calculated using Shannon's index, Simpson's index, and Pielou evenness. Beta diversity was determined using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity and Jaccard dissimilarity allowing us to examine the variations in species composition among different sites. Principal coordinate analysis and Partial distance-based redundancy analysis was used to visualize and investigate the impact of constraint variables to the structure of the seagrass communities. Alpha diversity varied among the sites, with the highest alpha diversity found at the Orongan and Matahari site and the lowest at the Ujung Lolok and Balai sites. The dominant substrate type (mud or sand) was found to be a significant (P≤ 0.01) determinant of seagrass alpha diversity, with mud substrates supporting higher diversity than sand substrates. The relationship between alpha diversity and constrain variables was only significant with closest distance to forest lost and longitude variables. The analysis found that water pH, closest distance to forest lost, mean distance to tourism spots, and closest distance to settlement collectively explained a significant (P≤ 0.001) portion (88.48%) of the variation in beta diversity of seagrass across the sites. The results of this study can be used to develop management strategies for the conservation of seagrass meadows in the park.
DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Analysis of Commercially Important Groupers (Serranidae) in Raja Ampat using gene marker Cytochrome c Oxidase I (COI) Ayu, Inna Puspa; Mashar, Ali; Wardiatno, Yusli; Butet, Nurlisa A.; Sani, L. Mukhsin Iqbal; Irianda, Nadya Jeny; Madduppa, Hawis; Gelis, Ester R. E.; Lane, Christopher; Borbee, Erin; Subhan, Beginer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 3 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.3.321-328

Abstract

Groupers are one of the most important and commercial fishes; many of the species are classified as Life Reef Fish Trade (LRFT). The number of grouper species in these locations may be more diverse than at other sites. Identifying the species number of a grouper is essential for mapping reef fitness. However, morphological identification of groupers is relatively difficult. Molecular methods such as DNA barcoding could be an option and even serve as reliable validation. Therefore, this research was conducted to identify groupers belonging to the Serranidae family. The grouper samples were obtained from the fish market in Waisai, Raja Ampat, Indonesia. The DNA barcoding employed the COI genes to accurately identify groupers. The Qiagen DNeasy 96 tissue extraction kit was used to extract DNA, and Primer Fish F1/R1 was applied. The sequences were analysed using ClustalW in MEGA 7.0 and phylogenetic tree was generated using the NJ (Neighbour Joining) method. Eleven species of groupers belonging to five taxa were discovered in Waisai, Raja Ampat. Anyperodon, Cephalopholis, Epinephelus, Plectropomus, and Variola are the grouper genera. Epinephelus was the predominant genus within the serranidae family, with 51.4% of the total. The International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List category puts the majority of grouper species in the 'Least Concerned' category. This study confirmed the effectiveness of DNA barcoding for species identification and the value of the COI gene for Grouper's phylogenetic research. The outcome offers information about fisheries resources, which should be helpful in managing fisheries in reef ecosystems.
First Evidence of Potential Microplastic Ingestion of Yellow Striped Goat Fish Upeneus vitattus (Forsskal, 1775) Caught in Malita, Davao Occidental, Philippines Bersaldo, Michael Jeriel Inocentes; Lacuna, Maria Lourdes Dorothy G.; Orbita, Maria Luisa S.; Tampus, Annielyn D.; Avenido, Pedro M.; Macusi, Edison D.
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.1.48-60

Abstract

Microplastic (MP) study in the Philippines is gaining attention because of the recent trends in macro-microplastic study worldwide and there is already a call for research to help the degrading marine environment in the country. No study in Malita, Davao Occidental was conducted to document microplastic contamination. To address this gap, 30 goat fishes collected in 6 sampling stations were dissected and microplastic were extracted, counted, and characterized. Results revealed that 96.67% of samples were contaminated with microplastic. In terms of microplastic type, fiber was most dominant than fragments, in microplastic hue, color black was the most common and microplastic with size ranging from 50 to 500µm were usually observed. Comparable amount of microplastic was obtained in fish guts across stations (P>0.05) which means that fish ingestion of microplastic were evident in the area. Based on Correlation, the length (r2=0.13), wet weight (r2=0.17) and gut wet weight (r2=0.29) of the fish does not tell the amount of microplastic ingested by each yellow stripped goat fish since there is a weak relationship between the two parameters. The result suggests, Malita’s seawater is already polluted with microplastic and demersal fishes that practice high site fidelity were very susceptible to microplastic ingestion. A stronger solid waste management policy must be implemented and activities such coastal clean ups and information drives must be initiated by all stakeholders. Further, microplastic investigation in seawater and sediments must be conducted to have a more detailed study of the whole extent of microplastic contamination in Malita, Davao Occidental.

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