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Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

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Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

ISSN : 0853196X EISSN : 26148889 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Indonesian Journal of Oil Palm Research Volume 26 Number 2 Year 2018 is published by presenting articles: Utilization of candlenut shell charcoal (Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.) as adsorben on refinery of Crude Palm Oil (CPO); Application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model for predicting oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) yield based on rainfall and the previous level of yield; Utilization of endophytic bacteria to improve the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings growth; Nutrients use efficiency of several types of fertilizers on the oil palm seedling; and Fatty acid and carotene composition in Elaeis oleifera, interspecific hybrid, and the first pseudo-backcross in North Sumatra, Indonesia.

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Articles 145 Documents

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KERAGAAN VEGETATIF DAN KOMPONEN TANDAN DARI SILANG BALIK SEMU PERTAMA Elaeis oleifera ORIGIN BRAZIL DAN SURINAME DI SUMATRA UTARA, INDONESIA Heri Adriwan Siregar; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Retno Diah Setiowati; Edy Suprianto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 26 No 1 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

An Attempt to combine the superior traits of Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis have been done through an interspecific hybrid cross and followed by pseudo-backcross 1 (pBC1). Observation of vegetative morphology and bunch components are presented in this paper. Two populations of pBC1 E. oleifera from the Suriname and Brazil origin were planted in 1990, 1993, 1995, and 2005, and were intensively observed for vegetative morphological properties and bunch components in November 2016 to February 2018. The results showed that almost all the individuals of pBC1 grew upright such as E. guineensis, no longer growing horizontally like the wild E. oleifera and the interspecific hybrid populations. The datas showed that the Suriname population plant architecture are compact or smaller than the Brazilian origin including the height increment and the size of the stem, the frond architecture and its components. Similarly, the bunch components show that the pBC1 Brazil is slightly superior to Suriname pBC1.

KETELUSURAN GENETIK KETURUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) MENGGUNAKAN SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT (SSR) Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Yurna Yenni; Sujadi Sujadi
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Progenies traceability status becomes an important activity in the oil palm breeding program, especially to obtain propriety of individual and progenies population with their parents. This study is concerned to analyze genetic traceability based on pattern and allele size of their parent using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. There were 90 palms from 7 progenies populations in the AD02S, AD03S Adolina and MA22S Marihat Estate PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV used in this research. Leaf and pollen samples were used to get genomic DNA. Then, DNA genomic was amplified using multiplexing method of 8 SSR markers and fluorescence labels of 6-FAM, HEX, and NED. Fragment analysis and extracted genotype data was obtained using Gene Marker® versi 2.4.0 Soft Genetics® LLC program. Genetic traceability analysis was based on alelle segregation pattern of Mendelian Law. The results described inappropriate alleles 4 individuals from 3 progenies (N, P, and S). Those individuals were palmrow of 22-30 in the AD02S; 29-27 in the MA22S; 9-22 and 9-28 in the AD02S. Other 4 progenies showed an appropriate segregation of genotype with their parents, which are crosses number of M, Q, R, and O.

PERAN NAA, GA3, KARBON AKTIF, DAN SUKROSA DALAM KULTUR EMBRIO ZIGOTIK KLON OG HYBRID (Elaeis guineensis JACQ. X Elaeis oleifera) OPEN POLLINATED Ernayunita Ernayunita; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Iman Yani Harahap; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Oil palm OG hybrid genetic potentials are high in term of vegetative and generative traits, such as: low height increment, compact palm, high free fatty acid and high carotenes. However, OG hybrid reproduction is hindered due to its low germination rate. So, alternative method for germination is needed, which is in vitro embryo zygotic culture. This study objective was to reveal the best medium composition for OG hybrid embryo culture by modificated several oil palm basic medium from oil palm tissue culture protocol and to understand the role of plant growth regulators, activated charcoal, and sucrose on in vitro growth and development of OG hybrid embryo. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 16 replication and 4 embryos for each replicates, while the treatments were: A1 = M129 (control); A2 = M129 + activated charcoal; A3 = M129+ activated charcoal + sucrose; A4 = ½ M129 + activated charcoal + sucrose; A5 = M129 + GA3 ; and A6 = M129 + GA3 + NAA. From the study we found that the best medium for OG hybrid open pollinated clone's embryo culture was M129 with GA3 and NAA (A6). This medium gave percentage of in vitro germination up to 14.06%, and later on the plantlets from this medium gave the best vegetative growth performance such as high number of leaves and primer roots.

KARAKTERISASI GEN β KETOACYL-ACP SYNTHASE II (KAS II) PADA Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera, DAN HIBRIDA INTERSPESIFIK Heri Adriwan Siregar; Sri Wening; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is currently the highest edible oil-producing plant in the world. E. oleifera is another species of oil palm that is not widely cultivated due to lower productivity. Oil extracted from E. guineensis has a balance ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids level, while E. oleifera has a higher unsaturated fatty acids. Long chain saturated fatty acids are more harmful for human health than unsaturated fatty acids. Gene encoding β-ketoacyl ACP synthase II (KAS II, EC 2.3.1.179) was studied, as this enzyme is responsible for biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Observation and analysis were conducted for KAS II gene and fatty acids content of E. guineensis represented by DxP Lame, DxP Langkat and CMR78 samples, E. oleifera represented by Suriname origin, and two hybrids (E. guineensis x E. oleifera (Brazil and Suriname)). The results showed E. oleifera Suriname had the highest concentration of oleic acid, followed by E. guineensis (CMR78). KAS II gene sequences alignment showed some genetic variation within E. guineensis and hybrids, while the high level of variation found between E. guineensis and E. oleifera was considered caused by species difference.

PENGHITUNGAN INDEKS VEGETASI CITRA WORLDVIEW-2 UNTUK ESTIMASI PRODUKSI KELAPA SAWIT Dhimas Wiratmoko; Hartono Hartono; Sigit Heru Murti BS
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Remote sensing application that used integrated with environmentally factors for oil palm yield estimating using Worldview-2 Imagery vegetation index (VI) was done. The aims of this study to get : 1) Red Edge Normalized Different Vegetation Index (RENDVI) and C h l o r o p h y l l I n d e x R e d E d g e ( C IRE ) ; 2) Correlation both of VI and oil palm yield; 3) oil palm yield estimation. The methods that used in this study were VI calculation by using RENDVI [(λNIR -λRED EDGE)/(λNIR +λRED EDGE )] and CIRE = [(λNIR /λRED EDGE )-1]. Oil EDGE NIR RED EDGE NIR RED EDGE palm yield estimation done by using linier regression and multiple linier regression. Linier regression used oil palm yield as dependent factor (Y) and VI as independent factor. Multiple linier regression used oil palm yield as dependent factor (Y), vegetative factors (oil palm yield, population per hectars, leaf area index) and environmentally factor (% clay, soil fertility index, altitude and water balance) as independent factors. The results of this study were: 1) the RENDVI value range -1 to 0.493 with average 0.30; while the CIRE value range -1 until 1.845 with average value 0.85. 2) The RENDVI dan CIRE have low positive linier correlation with oil pal yield rendah (rRENDVI = 0.355 dan rCIRE = 0.354); 3) Oil palm RENDVI CIRE yield estimation that using RENDVI and CIRE , vegetatation factors, environmentally factors data integration have similar correlation (r=0.763). Overall estimation model accuration get more than 90% estimation accuration on current month.

RETENSI KAROTEN DAN RETINOL PALMITAT PADA MINYAK GORENG DAN PRODUK GORENGANNYA Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Fortification of vitamin A in the cooking oil needs to be revisited given that the used oil is palm oil and fortificant form of vitamin A or retinol palmitate have to be imported. On the other hand, palm oil contains carotene as pro-vitamin A and potentially as an alternative of fortificant. The aim of this study was to compare the retention of carotene to retinol palmitate in palm cooking oil and the products fried in the oil using deep frying at 150°C. Materials used as fried products were potatoes, tofu and chicken. The quality of cooking oil that determined were the fatty acid composition, water content, free fatty acid, peroxide value, color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. While the quality of the products fried in the oil that determined were water, fat, carotene and retinol palmitate content. The results of this study showed that fortificant (carotene and retinol palmitate) no significant difference to the quality of cooking oil except color, retention of carotene and retinol palmitate. Fortificants also showed no significant difference to the quality of fried products. Retention of carotene showed significantly decreased with increasing frying repeatedly, but had a higher retention and significantly different than retinol palmitate. Retention of carotene in the frying pan first, second, third, fourth and fifth were in the range of 86-89%, 83-89%, 80-83%, 77-80% and 77-80%, while retinol palmitate were 68-100%, 58-97%, 51-89%, 50-84%, and 40-75%. Thus, carotene can be used as an alternative of fortificant in the palm cooking oil.

RAGAM GENETIK KANDUNGAN ASAM LEMAK, BILANGAN IODINE DAN BETA KAROTEN 24 AKSESI PLASMA NUTFAH KAMERUN KOLEKSI PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT Sujadi Sujadi; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan; Abdul Razak Purba; Mahmud Irvan Lubis
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Twenty four Cameroon accessions have been planted in Adolina oil palm seed garden area in 2010 and have been analyzed their fatty acid, iodine value and beta carotene contents to reveal their genetic variability. Analysis of variance results for fatty acid, iodine value and beta carotene content characters show that there are significant differences for palmitat, stearat, oleat, linoleat acid, iodine value and beta carotene content. Fatty acid content, iodine value and beta carotene content showed medium to high broad sense variability which verify that there is a high genetic impact of these characters. Ten Cameroon accessions with beta carotene content more than 1.000 ppm have been identified and can be used as future breeding material for IOPRI in gaining new varieties with beta carotene content more than 1.000 ppm. In addition there is one accession showed iodine value more than 57.1 Wijs which has a potential used as crossing material in obtaining new superior varieties which have high iodine values. In outline there are negative correlation( in one side) between palmitat acid with stearat, oleat acid and iodine value in other side.

KONSTRUKSI PETA GENETIK KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.) PPKS KETURUNAN SP540T DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MARKA RESTRICTION SITE ASSOCIATED DNA (RAD) Retno Diah Setiowati; Enrique Ritter; Sri Wening; Yurna Yenni; Edy Suprianto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Construction of genetic linkage on oil palm derived SP540T was established in 2012-2015 in colaboration with PPKS, Indonesia with Neiker, Spain. DNA isolation was conducted in Molecular Biology Laboratory in PPKS Marihat meanwhile RAD analysis was performed in Laboratorio Biotecnologia Vegetal, Neiker, Spain. Genetic map construction was carried out using Restriction Site Associated DNA. A total 532 RAD fragments were applied to configure 16 Linkage Groups (LGs) which represented 16 chromosomes of oil palm. The map spans in 1269.9 map unit (mU) or 79.37 mU per chromosome in average and consists of RAD fragments which could be blasted to the DNA data base to identify candidate genes. Genenic map which had been formed is a fondation of constructing an IOPRI functional map (IOPRImap) when it is integrated with phenotypic data. The IOPRImap is expected to facilitate shortening oil palm selection cycle and defining a precise oil palm breeding strategy.

PRODUKSI JENIS KELAMIN TANDAN BUNGA KELAPA SAWIT DAN RESPONSNYA TERHADAP PERLAKUAN EXOGENOUS HORMONE TANAMAN PADA LAHAN YANG MENGALAMI KEKERINGAN Iman Yani Harahap; Sumaryanto Sumaryanto; Taufiq Caesar Hidayat; Wan Rizki Fauzi; Yusran Pangaribuan
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

To determining effects of drought on the oil palm sex inflorescene and its response on plant hormone treatmet under drought condition. Then it was carried out the serial treatment at indonesian oil palm research institute (IOPRI) field area trial in Pulau Maria, Asahan District, North Sumatra during 4 year (2013 until midle of 2016). These area having flat topography class with sandy loam texture of typic paleudult soil type and suffering frequently of 200- 460 mm water deficit per year. The trial were undertaken on oil palm tenera's type with 8 years old (planted in 2005). The trial including, 4 kind of phytohormone plus the control treatment, which treated on plant with several of dose and frequency. The phytohormone were IAA (auxsin, Indole-3-acetic acid), BAP (citokinin, 6-benzylaminopurine), GA_3 (gibberelline, gibberellic acid), dan ABA (absisic acid). The dose of each of these kind of hormone were 100, 300, dan 500 ppm, with frequenscy application once and twice per year. The trial design following randomized block design with 3 replicated. Individual unit treatment was the indivduplant. The variable that observed were female, male, and aborted inflorescence; number of frond production; and vegetative growth (height of plant and length of rachis frond). Analysis effect the drought on oil palm sex inflorescene were done by correlation analysis between rainfall and water deficit with inflorescene production. The result shown drought period decline of female inflorescense, and increasing male and aborted inflorescense. Auxin (IAA) treatment, induced vegetatif growth, but contrarily, declining female inflorescense production and increasing male and aborted inflorescense. Gibberelline (GA_3) treatment, decreasing commonly female inflorescense production, and increasing male and aborted inflorescense, mainly in the certain peak of drought periods. Citokinin (ABA) and absicic asid (ABA), tend tokeep female inflorescense production in drought condition, in a way reducing number of aborted inflorescense. Citokinin (BAP), was dominantly plant hormone to keep female inflorescense production.

KEEFEKTIFAN FUNGISIDA TERHADAP ISOLAT CENDAWAN TERBAWA BENIH KELAPA SAWIT Donnarina Simanjuntak; Rokhana Faizah; Agus Eko Prasetyo; Agus Susanto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Oil palm seed is known to bring some pathogenic microbes and reduce the quality of seeds. Research aims to determine the effectiveness of fungicide active ingredients and later as a recommendation fungicide to control fungal isolates carried by oil palm seeds. Research were conducted in the Plant Protection laboratory, IOPRI business unit of Marihat, from April to October 2016. Research using descriptive analysis of seeds and seed health testing methods used consisted of visual observation of seeds and washing test. Seeds obtained from six production sites namely derpericarping, seed selection, first immersion, first winding, germination chamber, and distribution of germinated seed. The fungicides used consist of 39 different types of active ingredients. From the results of seed health testing there are three fungi carried by seeds that have been isolated, ie Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Mucor. These three fungi were further tested against 39 types of fungicides and the result there are 13 to 18 of fungicides that are effective to suppress the growth rate of the three fungi until the seventh day after the application.

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