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INDONESIA
TEKNIK
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08521697     EISSN : 24609919     DOI : -
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
Journal yang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel ilmiah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu rekayasa/keteknikan. Artikel-artikel yang dipublikasikan di Jurnal TEKNIK meliputi hasil-hasil penelitian ilmiah asli (prioritas utama), artikel ulasan ilmiah yang bersifat baru (tidak prioritas), atau komentar atau kritik terhadap tulisan ilmiah yang dipublikasikan oleh Jurnal TEKNIK.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 522 Documents
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POTENSI PEMANFAATAN TANAH WAKAF UNTUK PENYEDIAAN PELAYANAN PERKOTAAN Shulhiddar, Shofi; Adianto, Joko
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Vol 46, No 3 (2025): July 2025 Publication in-progress
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.70039

Abstract

The strategic utilization of waqf land for urban services shows significant potential, particularly in meeting urban infrastructure needs while adhering to Sharia principles and governance frameworks. This study explores the regulatory and administrative dimensions of waqf land and its feasibility in supporting the fulfillment of minimum service standards in urban areas. Using a mixed-methods approach that includes regulatory analysis, waqf land data, and stakeholder interviews, this study identifies six typologies of waqf land in Jakarta based on the status of recording, certification, and the level of specificity of designation in the Akta Ikrar Wakaf (AIW). The results show that waqf land with unspecified designations in the AIW provides greater flexibility for urban services, especially when aligned with spatial plan mandates. In contrast, land with specific designations for religious purposes (e.g., mosques or tombs) can only be utilized for other purposes through a regulatory-compliant waqf land replacement (ruislag) process. This research emphasizes the importance of involving the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI) and urban service planners in the waqf pledge process to ensure conformity with spatial plans. This approach reduces the risk of future disputes and increases the value of the socio-economic benefits of waqf land. In addition, strengthening the regulatory framework and administrative processes, such as the recording and certifying of waqf land, are strategic steps in achieving optimal and sustainable utilization of waqf land.
Air Pollution Control Analysis at the Tofu Industry Center in Sugihmanik Village, Grobogan Regency Huboyo, Haryono Setiyo; Ramadan, Bimastyaji Surya; Undari, Melinda Tri; Fauziyah, Fitria Umi; Syafei, Wahyul Amien; Jassey, Babucarr
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 2 (2025) April 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i2.70130

Abstract

Air pollution in Grobogan Regency, especially particulate parameters, annually shows an average value of 69% of ambient air quality standards with an average concentration of PM2.5 reaching 38 μg/m³, primarily due to industrial activities, transportation, and the burning of fossil fuels. In the Sugihmanik Village Tofu Industrial Centre, Grobogan Regency, there are 30 home-based tofu SMEs that use rice husks as fuel for boiler furnaces, which produce pollutants such as SO₂, NO₂, CO₂, CO, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, and TSP. The largest tofu factory in Sugihmanik Village uses 400 kg of rice husks daily. The chimney design, which does not comply with the technical standards of Kepdal No. 205 of 1996, further increases the risk of air pollution. Therefore, the design of an air pollution control device and a chimney redesign are required to mitigate these negative effects. After calculating the emission concentrations and comparing them with PermenLH No. 7 of 2007, only total particle parameter close to the quality standard of 350 mg/m3 with a particulate loading emitted from the furnace of 232 mg/s. By using a cyclone as an emission control device, there is a particulate removal efficiency of 53.05%. With the implementation of air pollution control devices, the ambient air concentration of particulates, previously a peak concentration of around 300 µg/m3, can be reduced to around 68.8 µg/m3.
Economic Analysis of the Preliminary Design of a Chemical Mini-Plant to Produce Palm Oil Based Estolide Calcium Sulfo-Ole Heavy -duty Bio grease with a Capacity of 36 Tons/Year Luthfi, Muhammad; Sukirno, Sukirno
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.71079

Abstract

The rapid growth of the automotive, manufacturing, and heavy-duty industries has increased lubricant demand, particularly lithium-based grease. However, due to supply constraints and rising costs, calcium is a more sustainable substitute for lithium in lubricants. This study develops heavy-duty bio grease based on palm oil estolide with calcium sulfo-oleate as a more economical and eco-friendlier alternative. The research adopts a pilot-scale approach with a 36 tons/year production capacity, aligned with Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The product, heavy-duty bio grease Calcium Sulfo-Ole, uses Estolide Base Oil SAE 40 as the primary component. The process includes epoxidation, esterification, saponification, and formulation. Testing confirms that the ester-based oil has high viscosity and oxidative stability, making it suitable for NLGI 2 standard applications in heavy machinery. Economic analysis indicates strong viability, with a positive Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp1.3 billion over 10 years, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 13%, and Return on Investment (ROI) of 206%. The Break-Even Point (BEP) reached 83% capacity, proving feasibility. This bio grease reduces reliance on lithium-based lubricants while promoting sustainable, plant-based lubricants.
Impact Analysis of Land Use on Time Lag and Peak Discharge in the Downstream Area of Sadia Watershed Bima City West Nusa Tenggara using HEC-HMS and SCS-CN Hartawan, I Putu; Siddik, Firmana; Firmana, Ary; Susetyo, Ekanto Wahyudi; Harlan, Dhemi; Handyastono, Bagus; AS Algoul, Mohammed
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.75074

Abstract

Flood events have frequently occurred in the downstream area of the Sadia Watershed (DAS) in Bima City, West Nusa Tenggara. In recent years, the overflow of the Sadia River has been triggered by land use changes and the impacts of climate change. This study aims to analyze land cover changes in 2015, 2019, and 2022, and to evaluate their impact on flood peak discharge using hydrological simulations, land cover data were analyzed using ArcGis software and integrated with hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS. The Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (HSS) SCS-CN method was used in the simulation with a 25-year return period, following calibration of the Sadia River’s bank full discharge to ensure model accuracy. The simulation results showed an increase in the peak discharge entering the Sadia River, from 156,20 m³/s in 2015 to 164,80 m³/s in 2019, and 167,00 m³/s in 2022. Additionally, the time lag decreased from 445.15 minutes in 2015 to 431.84 minutes in 2019 and 429.88 minutes in 2022. The increase in the Curve Number (CN) value and impermeable area indicates a reduction in soil infiltration capacity due to land conversion. However, climate factors, such as increased rainfall intensity, also contributed to the rise in peak discharge. These findings can serve as a basis for better land use management and emphasize the importance of considering climate factors when designing flood risk mitigation efforts, especially in the face of increasing flood events.
Optimal Placement of Renewable Distributed Generation for Power Losses and Emissions Reduction Using the Multi Verse Optimization Algorithm in Distribution System Firdaus, Firdaus
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.67453

Abstract

Distributed Generation (DG) from renewable energy sources is widely applied in distribution systems or small-scale electric power networks. However, the intermittent and uncertain nature of renewable energy sources requires a mechanism to select and utilize them optimally. The aim of this research is to develop an optimization model for the use of renewable energy sources by determining the placement and size of optimal DG units sourced from renewable energy. Optimal placement and size decisions are obtained by considering emissions or pollution, power losses and voltage profiles in the electric power system. This research uses the Multi Verse Optimization (MVO) method, which is a development of the multiverse theory and the big bang theory. The simulation in this research was carried out on the IEEE 33 bus distribution system.. Simulation results using Matlab software show that the optimal placement and size of distributed generators from renewable energy sources can significantly improve the voltage profile and reduce electrical power losses. The optimal placement and sizing result for 1 DG injection is on bus 6, while when 3 DG injection, the optimal placement is on Bus 13, 24 and 30. This placement location is the same as the research results with other methods or algorithms. Optimizing the installation of three DG renewable energy sources using MVO by considering environmental factors was able to reduce emissions by 71.62 percent. Thus, there is a reduction in costs as environmental compensation of 71.60 percent in the IEEE 33 Bus system.  
Digital Competencies Among Construction Students in Ghana's Technical Universities: A Quantitative Assessment from the Students’ Perspective Hagan, Daniel Ebo; Aryanti, Tutin; Ilhamdaniah, Ilhamdaniah
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.68465

Abstract

The construction industry’s digital transformation demands professionals with advanced digital skills. This study assesses the digital competencies of construction students at Ghana’s technical universities, focusing on self-reported proficiency and perceived job readiness. Based on data from 271 final-year students across six institutions, the study employs a data-driven quantitative approach using a structured questionnaire and analyses through descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression. Findings reveal moderate proficiency in foundational skills like digital literacy and communication, but significant gaps in advanced areas such as cloud computing, 3D modelling, and coding. While students report high access to general digital tools, training in emerging technologies remains limited. Regression results indicate that digital literacy, planning and estimation skills, and access to training resources are key predictors of job readiness. The study highlights the need for curriculum reforms that incorporate a wider range of digital competencies aligned with Construction 4.0. It recommends enhancing hands-on learning, improving institutional support systems, and encouraging self-directed skill development. These interventions are crucial to bridging the gap between academic preparation and industry expectations, equipping graduates with the capabilities required for a digitally evolving construction sector in Ghana.
Concrete Jacketing for Strength Enhancement of Square Columns in Corroded Reinforced Concrete Structures Amalia, Zahra; Mahlil, Mahlil; Ulza, Adrian; Saidi, Taufiq; Aulia, Teuku Budi; Asyifa, Cut Nella
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.70449

Abstract

Buildings submerged during the 2004 Aceh tsunami have shown signs of structural degradation, particularly due to corrosion in column reinforcement, raising concerns about reduced seismic performance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the concrete jacketing method in retrofitting corroded square reinforced concrete columns. Specimens measuring 200 × 200 mm² in cross-section and 580 mm in height were subjected to accelerated corrosion targeting 20% mass loss, followed by axial and lateral loading tests. The results showed that corrosion reduced shear strength by 23.93% compared to non-corroded specimens. However, retrofitted corroded square reinforced concrete column demonstrated a 15.65% increase in strength when the stirrup reinforcement yielded. However, the shear capacity showed a slight decrease compared to the corroded columns without jacketing. This unexpected reduction is attributed to the absence of joint strengthening in the retrofit, which governed the overall shear resistance. These findings highlight the importance of including joint enhancement when applying concrete jacketing for comprehensive structural recovery.
Development of an Arduino-Based Microcontroller System to Maintain Temperature Stability in the Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Process Siahaan, Enzo Wiranta Battra; Sitanggang, Hodmiantua; Sidabutar, Rotama Arifin
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.71892

Abstract

This study aims to develop and evaluate a temperature monitoring and control system for a plastic pyrolysis model operating within the temperature range of 400–500 °C. The system is designed using a microcontroller to read signals from 4 thermocouples placed at various points within the pyrolysis chamber. The collected temperature data are processed, displayed on an LCD screen, and stored on an SD card. Temperature control is carried out using a potentiometer, while data logging is managed through push-button switches. An electric heater is used as the heat source, controlled by a relay, and temperature readings are calibrated using a commercial thermometer to ensure accuracy. The test results indicate that the system is capable of consistently monitoring and maintaining temperatures within the specified range. Although temperature variations were observed at different measurement points, the system generally demonstrated good performance in temperature control. The system effectively approached the target temperature, though temperature deviations were still influenced by heating rate and thermocouple characteristics. Additionally, the observed uneven temperature distribution highlights the need for improvements in the heating system design to enhance thermal uniformity within the pyrolysis chamber.
Effect of In Situ Gelatin Addition on Synthesis and Characteristics of Limestone Based Hydroxyapatite using Sol-Gel Method Edahwati, Luluk; Rahmah, Nazila Alfi; Wahyudi, Mohammad Rafli Alif
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.67466

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a major component of bone and tooth tissues used to repair and rebuild malfunctioning bone. Hydroxyapatite synthesis widely utilizes materials that have a high calcium content. In this study, limestone was used as an economical calcium precursor. Gelatin was added in situ during the sol-gel process to improve biomechanical properties such as porosity and reduce the particle size. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of in situ gelatin addition at different concentrations (30%, 40% and 50%) and pH variations (10, 11 and 12) during the sol–gel synthesis of limestone-based hydroxyapatite, focusing on its influence on porosity, particle size, and Ca/P ratio to evaluate its potential for biomedical applications. Highest yield was obtained when the hydroxyapatite was prepared using 30% gelatin concentration with pH 12. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of the characteristic functional groups of hydroxyapatites, namely phosphate (PO₄³⁻), carbonate (CO₃²⁻), and hydroxyl (OH⁻). SEM-EDX analysis revealed granular and irregular crystal morphology with particle size below 600 nm, while image analysis of SEM-EDX micrographs using ImageJ estimated the highest apparent porosity of 60.73% at pH 10. These results indicate that the in situ addition of gelatin during the sol-gel process successfully produced hydroxyapatite with biomechanical properties suitable for implant applications, especially in teeth, with optimal porosity and adequate particle size to support cell growth.
Sound-Based Smart Toddler Monitoring System: AIoT Development with YAMNet on Raspberry Pi Rochadiani, Theresia Herlina; Santoso, Handri; Wasito, Ito; Sucipto, Nadya Rudie; Anggraini, Astria Febrian; Panna, Ariya
TEKNIK Vol 46, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v46i3.76484

Abstract

The safety of toddlers at home is paramount for parents, but constant monitoring is difficult due to busy schedules. The limitations of camera-based monitoring solutions, namely privacy concerns and heavy processing, drive the need to develop monitoring systems that utilize sound recognition. This research aims to develop Smart Guardian, an Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) system that can detect risky or emergency sound patterns from children and send real-time notifications to parents' mobile phones. The applied method includes the development of a YAMNet-based speech recognition AI model, installed on a Raspberry Pi as an edge computing device, with a microphone functioning to record environmental sounds. This system is designed to identify crucial environmental sounds such as breaking glass, explosions, screaming, water, fire alarms, smoke detectors, in addition to infant crying. The results of prototype trials under laboratory conditions indicate that the fire alarm and smoke detector classes have extremely high confidence levels (around 0.95 and 0.83). However, the glass class showed varying confidence levels (around 0.5), while cough, explosion, water, and screaming had lower confidence levels (median 0.15, 0.13, 0.25, and 0.4, respectively). The conclusion from these findings is that Smart Guardian has great potential as a privacy-focused toddler monitoring solution, although further optimization is needed to improve the speech recognition performance of events with low and varying confidence levels.  

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