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INDONESIA
KAPAL Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 18298370     EISSN : 23019069     DOI : 10.14710/kapal.
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
Jurnal ini merupakan Jurnal Ilmiah untuk mengembangkan ilmu dibidang Ilmu Pengetahuan & Teknologi Kelautan. Jurnal ini diterbitkan oleh Teknik Perkapalan Universitas Diponegoro 3 (tiga) kali dalam 1 tahun pada bulan Februari, Juni dan Oktober.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 408 Documents
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Structural design analysis of sandwich panels under axial compression load: Utilization of geometry and material variations Alifianto, Muhammad Daffa; Rohman, Hamdani Maftuh; Pratama, Anandito Adam; Istanto, Iwan; Prabowo, Aditya Rio; Melnyk, Oleksiy; Do, Quang Thang; Muttaqie, Teguh; Budiana, Eko Prasetya; Sohn, Jung Min; Wijaya, Rahman
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.75955

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the performance of sandwich cylindrical shell structures under axial compression load by varying the geometry and types of material. Numerical simulations were conducted using ABAQUS software, employing the finite element method (FEM) to evaluate von Mises stress, displacement, and energy absorption. The materials used include ASTM 1045, ASTM A36, and Mild Steel, with geometry designs varying across five different configurations. The simulation results indicate that the combination of material and geometry has a significant impact on the structural response of the sandwich cylindrical shell. ASTM 1045 exhibited the highest von Mises stress and displacement, indicating both high strength and substantial deformation, while Mild Steel demonstrated better elastic properties. Geometry 4 combined with ASTM 1045 proved to be the strongest configuration, while the combination of Geometry 1 and Mild Steel was the most elastic. This study contributes to the development of more efficient and impact-resistant ship structural designs. 
Ship Maneuvering Simulation to Determine Elements of Tugboat Handling: A Case Study of Paciran Port Fuady, Esqy Dhiya'ul; Asmara, I Putu Sindhu; Sutrisno, Imam
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.74393

Abstract

Paciran Port, serving as a multipurpose facility for both cargo transport and ferry services, plays a crucial role in the transportation network of East Java province. With a significant increase in vessel visits, particularly barges carrying limestone, ensuring safety during ship berthing operations has become a critical concern. This study aims to identify the key elements of tugboat handling required for safely berthing a barge. The element consists of the percentage of tugboat capacity, the heading of the tugboat, the time series, and the duration. In this study, ship berthing maneuver simulations are based on the Maneuvering Modelling Group (MMG) method. The prediction of the ship's maneuvering motion is simulated using MATLAB software within a 3-DOF (Degree of Freedom) framework. A simulation was conducted across four scenarios by varying the environmental conditions of wind direction, wind speed, current direction, and current speed. Each environmental condition varies into two initial speeds (0 knots and 2.9 knots). The berthing speed limits follow the PIANC standard. The results show that the element of tugboat handling angle can assist the barge to safely berth under diverse environmental conditions and initial speeds, with final berthing speeds consistently below 0.3 m/s (0.58 knots), which falls within the moderate condition category according to PIANC standards. Trajectory analyses further affirmed that the barge remained within the designated Paciran Port channel throughout all simulated scenarios.
Finite Element Analysis to Determine the Optimum Stiffener Spacing on Barge Deck with 5-15-5 Sandwich Plates Arianto, Pratama Yuli; Zharo, Risalah Alifatus; Puspita, Hery Indria Dwi; Kadhafi, Muammar; Syafiuddin, Syafiuddin
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.74747

Abstract

The application of sandwich plates in marine structures provides a lightweight yet strong alternative to conventional steel plates. This study investigates the extent to which stiffener spacing on barge decks can be increased when using 5–15–5 mm sandwich plates, without exceeding the allowable stress limit. The analysis was conducted using the finite element method (FEM) in ANSYS Student R2 2024. The stiffener spacing configurations examined were 610 mm (32 stiffeners), 762 mm (24 stiffeners), 1016 mm (16 stiffeners), 1524 mm (8 stiffeners), and a model without stiffeners. The simulation results indicate that all models with stiffeners, up to a spacing of 1524 mm, satisfy the allowable stress limit of 175 MPa specified by Lloyd’s Register. In contrast, the model without stiffeners exceeds this limit and is therefore considered unsafe. Deformation analysis further shows that the maximum deflection tends to occur on the port side, particularly in regions not supported by beams or girders. As the stiffener spacing increases, the magnitude of deformation also increases, and its location shifts due to edge effects and asymmetrical support conditions. In addition, the use of sandwich plates leads to a substantial reduction in structural weight compared with conventional steel construction, ranging from 23.13% to 32.83%, depending on the stiffener spacing. Based on these results, a stiffener spacing of up to 1524 mm is considered optimal for maintaining structural safety while achieving significant weight reduction.
Slamming Probability and Impact to Speedboats Hull Based on Seakeeping Motion Wulandari, Amalia Ika; Syahab, Husein; Adietya, Berlian Arswendo
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.77940

Abstract

Slamming is a critical dynamic load for small, high-speed craft because repeated hull–wave impacts can generate intense stresses and deformations that threaten structural integrity. This study investigates the probabilistic risk of slamming and the resulting structural response of an aluminium speedboat by integrating seakeeping motion analysis with structural evaluation. First, vessel motions and wave-induced pressures were computed using the Boundary Element Method (BEM) under regular wave conditions with significant heights of 0.125 m, 0.25 m, and 0.50 m. Heave and pitch motions were quantified through Response Amplitude Operators, and their statistics were used to estimate the probability of bottom slamming. The probability associated with pitch increased from 54 % at 0.125 m to 86 % at 0.50 m, showing that pitch is the dominant trigger for slamming. The calculated hydrodynamic pressures were then applied to a detailed Finite Element Method (FEM) model of the aluminium hull to evaluate structural stresses and deformations. As wave height increased from 0.125 m to 0.50 m, the maximum slamming load rose from 2.28 × 10⁻³ MPa to 9.10 × 10⁻³ MPa, causing peak structural stresses to climb from 4.77 MPa to 19.06 MPa and maximum deformations from 0.19 mm to 0.76 mm. Stress concentrations were consistently located on unsupported bottom plating near the bow, while areas reinforced by transverse frames experienced much lower response. These findings demonstrate that both sea-state severity and hull reinforcement layout govern slamming vulnerability, providing practical guidance for strengthening small craft against impulsive wave impacts.
Mechanical Strength Properties of Resin-Coated Cardboard as a Viable Alternative to Glass Fiber in the Construction of Fiberglass Vessels Yuwandana, Dwi Putra; Budiarti, Yesnina; Novita, Yopi; Komarudin, Didin
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.70143

Abstract

Fiberglass vessels produce considerable environmental waste due to the non-biodegradable nature of glass fiber materials, necessitating the exploration of biodegradable alternatives. Given the abundance of cardboard waste in Indonesia, this study investigates its potential as a substitute for glass fiber in fiberglass boat construction. In the process of producing cardboard sheets, during the pulping stage using a blender, the 716 grams of cardboard are mixed with 10 to 15 liters of water. The research aims to evaluate resin-coated cardboard's physical properties and mechanical strength, comparing them to the mechanical strength standards set by the Indonesian Classification Bureau (BKI). Utilizing an experimental methodology with descriptive and comparative analysis, the results indicate that resin-coated cardboard possesses robust, lightweight, and water-resistant characteristics. The four-layer treatment achieved the highest tensile strength and bending strength values of 37.61 MPa and 62.23 MPa, respectively. In comparison, the three-layer treatment yielded a maximum modulus of elasticity of 145.80 MPa. Although the mechanical properties did not meet the minimum standards established by BKI, the resin-coated cardboard demonstrates potential as an alternative material for plywood coatings in the superstructures of vessels.
Identification of Passenger Ship Accident Risk Management with Hazard and Operational Analyssis (HAZOP) Approach Riviewed From A Human Resources Perspevtive Wahyuni, Anak Agung Istri Sri; Firdaus, Muhamad Imam; Ardhi, Eka Wahyu
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 22, No 3 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.75830

Abstract

Passenger ship accidents are complex events resulting from multiple interrelated factors, with human error, technical deficiencies, and environmental conditions playing critical roles. Between 2018 and 2022, Indonesia’s National Transportation Safety Committee (KNKT) recorded 108 ship accidents, including 29 Ro-Ro passenger ships and 19 conventional passenger vessels. This study employs the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) methodology to analyze risk factors contributing to passenger ship accidents, with particular emphasis on the human resource (HR) perspective. Primary data were collected through interviews and surveys with ship crew members, while secondary data were obtained from accident reports and maritime literature. The analysis identified key risks, including improper use of LPG stoves, unsafe cargo storage practices, malfunctioning fire detection systems, crew fatigue resulting from excessive workload, and vessel overloading. Each risk was systematically associated with specific mitigation measures through HAZOP analysis, translating human- and technical-related deviations into actionable safety recommendations. The findings underscore the importance of enhancing safety training, strengthening maintenance protocols, and improving HR management practices. The study concludes that reinforcing human factors, particularly through continuous safety training, scheduled maintenance, and more effective workload management, can significantly reduce the likelihood of accidents. Thus, this research not only identifies critical risk sources but also offers practical guidance for improving maritime operational safety and reducing incidents associated with human error.
Quantitative Analysis of Macro Foam Integration in Non Pressurized Manned Submersibles (NPMS): A Comprehensive Study of Buoyancy Management and Operational Performance Zulfakhri, Ahlan; Baidowi, Achmad; Sunarsih, Sunarsih
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 23, No 1 (2026): Article in Press
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v22i3.78858

Abstract

Non-pressurized manned submersibles continue to struggle with fundamental limitations in buoyancy control and energy management, while traditional ballast systems present considerable challenges when operational demands increase, making macro foam technology an intriguing alternative that could address these persistent issues through passive buoyancy enhancement. This study quantitatively evaluates the impact of macro foam integration on NPMS operational parameters by comparing configurations with and without macro foam across multiple performance metrics using actual technical specifications through comprehensive computational analysis examining vehicle mass, buoyancy characteristics, ballast tank specifications, and operational efficiency across four distinct ballast configurations (neutral, forward full, center full, aft full), with performance metrics evaluated using standardized naval engineering protocols based on actual submersible design data. Macro foam integration demonstrated significant improvements across all measured parameters, with tank volume requirements decreasing by 64.4% (from 1466.43L to 521.53L), buoyancy deficit decreasing by 60.7% (from 1.35 to 0.53 tons), total buoyancy increasing by 175% (from 0.65 to 1.79 tons), and ballast requirements reducing by 43.6-60.7% across all configurations, while safety margins improved dramatically with a 3.4:1 emergency buoyancy ratio compared to 0.5:1 without foam. These findings demonstrate that macro foam integration provides fundamental improvements in NPMS operational capability, safety margins, and energy efficiency, with the technology transitioning from optional enhancement to essential operational requirement for practical submersible deployment in modern naval operations.
Numerical Simulation of Wave Run-Up on Coastal Structure with Hexaloc Armour Units based on the SPH Method Ghazali Hafiz, Muhammad Brilliant Danu; Armono, Haryo Dwito; Zikra, Muhammad
Kapal: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Kelautan Vol 23, No 1 (2026): Article in Press
Publisher : Department of Naval Architecture - Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/kapal.v23i1.78197

Abstract

Coastal abrasion and erosion pose a threat to shoreline stability in Indonesia, necessitating the implementation of reliable coastal protection structures, such as breakwaters. Accurate prediction of wave run-up is essential, as crest elevation is crucial, as it directly determines structural safety and the level of protection provided. This study aims to analyse wave run-up on rubble-mound breakwaters with Hexaloc armour units using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method in DualSPHysics, to improve the accuracy and efficiency of design. The numerical model was developed using AutoCAD, SketchUp and simulated under varying wave heights (0.05 – 0.13 m), periods (1.1 – 1.5 s), and one versus two layer armour configurations. Validation was carried out by comparing simulation results with analytical and empirical formulations, particularly Ahrens’ equation. The results indicate that relative run-up ( ) increases with the Iribarren number but tends to stabilize at higher values. Numerical simulations produced run-up ratios ranging from 0.56 – 1.66 for a single layer and 0.63 – 0.86 for a double layer, while theoretical predictions yielded higher values of 1.59 – 2.39. The comparison demonstrates that single-layer Hexaloc arrangements produced slightly higher run-up than double layers, due to increased permeability. A strong correlation was obtained between SPH results and Ahrens’s theory, with a coefficient of determination of  for a single layer,  for a double layer, confirming that both approaches yield consistent outcomes.

Page 41 of 41 | Total Record : 408

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