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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : 25277332 EISSN : 26140020 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 207 Documents

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Performance Evaluation of Four Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time Reagents Peppi Z. Yuzaqi; Eli Halimah; Tatat Noviani
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) is a hematological examination to identify hemostatic abnormalities. This study aimed to compare the performance evaluation of four APTT reagents, i.e., CK Prest, Pathromtin SL, Actin SL, and Cephascreen. The methods used were photo optical, percent detection, and viscosity-based detection system (VDS). The analysis was performed on blood specimen of 43 subjects. The results indicated that the accuracy and precision in normal plasma control using C. K. Prest reagent in Coag-A-Mate® MTX II were d% -0.605 and CV% 2.252%, Pathromtin SL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% 6.9345 and CV%1.687, Actin FSL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% -1.51 and CV% 1.74, and Cephascreeen reagent in STA Compact® were d% 10.81 and CV% 1.60. The accuracy and precision in pathological plasma control using Pathromtin SL reagent in CA 560® (Sysmex®) were d% -1,11 and CV% 8.82, Cephascreen reagent in STA Compact® were d% 4.64 and CV% 2.72. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Pathromtin SL reagent was 0.880 with the regresion equation y=2.31x–33.70. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Actin FSL reagent was 0.986 with the regretion equation y=0.78x+2.93. The coefficient of correlation between C. K. Prest reagent and Cephascreen reagent was 0.987 with the regretion equation y=1.70x–3.97. In conclusion, the best precision was obtained from Cephascreen reagents in STA compact®devices for both normal and pathologic control plasma, with eligible accuracy.Keywords : Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT), Photo-optical, Viscosity-based Detection System (VDS)

Antibacterial Activity of Polygonum pulchrum Blume Ethanol Extract on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Asman Sadino; Idin Sahidin; Wahyuni Wahyuni
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

The emergence of resistant bacteria strain has become a global health concern. It encourages the exploration of potential antibacterial agents, particularly from natural sources. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of root, stems, leaves, and flowers of Polygonum pulchrum Blume against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, through disc diffusion method using cup-plate method. Inhibition zone against S. aureus from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers ethanol extract were 3.5 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.25 mm, and 2.62 mm, respectively, while the inhibition zone against E. coli were 2.25 mm, 2.12 mm, 1.62 mm, and 1.75 mm, respectively. In conclusion, ethanol extract of root, stem, leaves, and flower of P. pulchrum Bl possessed weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli.Keywords: P. pulchrum Bl, antibacterial, E. coli, S. aureus, cup-plate technique

Hypoglicemia Risk Factors on Hospitalized Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Meilani Jayanti; Keri Lestari; Rizky Abdulah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Hypoglycemia is one of the most important complications of diabetes treatment and it becomes an obstacle in hypoglycemia medication. Besides, hypoglycemia can cause nerve damage and impaired cognitive function so that it influences the patients mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. Recognition of hypoglycemia risk factors, blood glucose monitoring, selection of appropriate regimens and educational programs for healthcare professionals and patients with diabetes are the major issues to maintain good glycemic control, minimize the risk of hypoglycemia, and prevent long-term complications. This research employs retrospective method and the design of the research is case control. The sample of this research is 72 patients with type 2 diabetes which is divided into two groups. The first group is case and It consists of 23 patients (31,9%) getting hypoglycemia. Then, the second group is control and it consists of 49 patients (68,1%). In the second group the 49 patients do not get hypoglycemia and they do not receive any hypoglycemia medication in the hospital. The Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that there is a significant different between the variables reduction in food intake (p 0,011) and lower laboratory result of HbA1C (p 0,003) on the incidence of hypoglycemic, where the variable reduction in food intake has the strong relationship with most major hypoglycemic (OR 9,329). On the other hand, other variables such as the use of antidiabetic drugs, diabetes duration, age, comorbidities and polypharmacy showed no significant association with hypoglycemic events. Thus, the hypoglycemic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving antidiabetic therapy due to reduction in food intake and lower laboratory results of HbA1C. Patients with reduction in food intake at risk of hypoglycemic events nine times greater than patients with normal food intake. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, food intake, HbA1C

Should Cannabis as Medicine be Specifically Regulated? Gunawan Widjaja
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

In 2017, a patient case in Sangau, West Kalimantan, involving a women with syringomyelia has drawn public attention. The case ended with the arrest of her husband who cultivated Cannabis to treat her disease. Currently, Indonesian regulation classifies Cannabis as the first group of narcotics which are prohibited to be used as medicine. This research aimed to ellaborate whether Cannabis as medicine should be specifically regulated. Data source was national and international regulation on narcotics and scientific evidence regarding medical benefit of Cannabis The data was obtained from literature search with following keywords; regulation of Cannabis, medical use of Cannabis, Cannabis medicine. Analysis was conducted using qualitative approach. The results of this study showed that Indonesian regulation regarding Cannabis is associated with International Convention on narcotics. Evidence-based data on Cannabis application in medical treatment have been extensively studied. Given beneficial effect of Cannabis to treat many diseases, several countries have already regulated the use of Cannabis for medical purpose. In conclusion, it is worth to consider a specific regulation for medical Cannabis in Indonesia, given its beneficial utilization to treat certain diseases.Key words: Regulation, Cannabis, medical Cannabis, syringomelia

In Vitro Inhibition of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase by Different Parts of Amla Plant (Phyllanthus emblica L) Novi I. Fauzi; Maria Ulfah; Syarif Hamdani; Saeful Hidayat
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Amla plant (Phyllanthus emblica L) has been empirically used to treat diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the most potential part of amla plant that can be used as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors. The fruit was subjected to cold extraction method, while the stem underwent soxhlet extraction process. Ethanol was used as solvent for both extracts. In-vitro inhibiton against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme was measured by calculating IC50 of water fractions of stem and fruits. Fruit fraction exhibited the highest percentage of inhibitory activity on α-amylase (IC50=5.68% w/v), while the strongest inhibition against α-glucosidase was shown by leaves fraction (IC50=0.87% w/v). In conclusion, the stem of P. emblica L was potential inhibitor of α-amylase , while the leaves was potential α-glucosidase inhibitor.Keywords: Phyllanthus emblica, α-glucosidase inhibitor, α-amylase inhibitor, fruit, leaves

Identification of Endophytic Bacterial Isolated from Oil Palm Plants with Anti-Fungal Acitvity against Ganoderma boninense Irma Mardiah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Endophytic bacteria is an excellent candidates for the biological control of pathogenic fungi in plantations. The objectives of this study were to isolate and examine anti-fungal activity of endophytic bacteria from oil palm plantations in South Kalimantan against Ganoderma boninense. This research was performed in three phases, i.e., isolation, selection, and assessment of endophytic bacteria isolates against Ganoderma boninense. A total of 126 colonies of endophytic bacteria were isolated. The result of the anti-fungal activity test with dual culture method demostrated that BKA 10 isolate had the largest inhibition zone (62.22%). Molecular identification by DNA analysis using 16S rRNA primers showed that BKA 10 is most closely related to Bacillus cereus. In conclusion, isolate with the best anti-fungal acitivity against Ganoderma boninense has the closest kinship with Bacillus cereus. Keywords: antifungal, dual culture, Bacillus cereus.

Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne Lotion Containing Red Ginger (Zingiber officinalle Roscoe) Essential Oil Dwi Indriati; Ike Y. Wiendarlina; Annisa S. Carolina
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Red ginger (Zingiber officinalle Roscoe) has been empirically used as antibacterial agent. This study was aimed to formulate anti-acne lotion containing red ginger essential oil and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Extraction and distillation of 10 kg of red gingers were performed to obtain its essential oils. The lotions were prepared using oil in water (o/w) base with various concentration of red ginger essential oils, i.e., 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. The lotion was assayed to determine organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and irritation-inducing level. Antibacterial activity test was conducted using disk-difussion method. Results indicated that the 7.5% concentration exerted the strongest activity in inhibiting P. acnes (inhibition zone 12.4 mm) and S. epidermidis (inhibition zone 29 mm). In conclusion, anti-acne lotion containing 7.5% of red ginger essential oil was effective to control acne inducing bacteria and fulfilled the required standards.Keywords: Red ginger, essential oil, anti-acne, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis

Prescription Pattern and Costs of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers in Hypertensive Outpatients Nurmainah Nurmainah; Nur Anisyah
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) have been widely prescribed for primary hypertension. Nevertheless, the cost of ARBs are relatively expensive. The objective of this study was to describe prescribing pattern and the cost of ARBs in hypertensive outpatients. This study used descriptive observational method based on cross-sectional study. Data source was hypertensive outpatients medical records and prescriptions at Pemangkat General Hospital, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, during 2014-2015. The most frequently prescribed anti-hypertensive medication in 1,506 patients were ARBs. There was an increasing trend in the use of ARBs during 2014-2015 (31-38%). The most frequently prescribed ARBs were 8 mg and 18 mg of candesartan, and 80 mg of valsartan. ACE inhibitors were the least prescribed anti-hypertensive drugs (4-8%). The largest portion of anti-hypertensive drugs expenditure was spent on ARBs, both in 2014 and 2015, respectively accounted for IDR 50,493,876.00 (67%) and IDR 58,903,112.00 (79% ). In conclusion, the prescribing of ARBs increased during study period and it represented the largest contributor on total expenditures of anti-hypertensive drugs.Keywords: Angiotensin II receptor blockers, cost, hypertensive patients

Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Activity between Fermented and Dried Breadfruit Leaves Extract Hesti Riasari; Sani N. Fitriansyah; Oktamuman Putra
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Breadfruit leaves (Artocarpus altilis) have been empirically used to treat inflammation. Biosynthesis process such as fermentation can possibly changes the composition of secondary metabolites in breadfruit leaves. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory activity between fermented and natural-dried breadfruit leaves extract. Fermented and dried breadfruit leaves were extracted with soxhlet device using methanol solvent. The anti-inflammatory activity of both extracts were evaluated using carrageenan (1% w/v) foot edema model of inflammation in male Wistar rats. The edema was measured with plethysmometer every 1 hour for 6 hours. The results showed that both extracts exhibited anti-inflammatory activity. 50 mg and 100 mg fermented leaves extracts exhibited 37.17% and 71.82% inhibition, while the same concentrations of dried extract exhibited 39.50% and 57.72%, inhibiton respectively. In conclusion, the best anti-inflammatory activity was shown by fermented breadfruit leaves extract.Keywords: Artocarpus altilis, anti-inflammatory, breadfruit, fermentation

Effect of Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose and Sorbitol on Anti-Peptic Ulcer Activity of Anredera cordifolia Leaves Extract Maria Ulfah; Revika Rachmaniar; Egi MR. Sudrajat; Rida W. Fadla; Hary S. Pinuji
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 4, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Anredera cordifolia or binahong is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants that is used to treat peptic ulcer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and sorbitol on anti-peptic ulcer activity of A. cordifolia leaves extracts in male Wistar rats. The plants were extracted using decoction method and freeze dried. Three liquid formulas were used i.e., i) a combination of sodium CMC and sorbitol; ii) only sorbitol; iii) extract only. The rats were divided into 6 groups, i.e., positive control (sucralfate 35 mg/kg body weight); negative control (80% ethanol); normal control; and 3 formulas. After the administration of the liquid formula, all groups, except normal control, were given 80% ethanol (l5 ml/kg body weight) to induce peptic ulcer. Antipeptic ulcer activity was evaluated using direct observation on rats gastric mucosa, and histopathology assessment. The result showed that the strongest anti-peptic ulcer was shown by sorbitol only (96.95% inhibition), followed by the combination of sodium CMC and sorbitol (92.68% inhibition). The formula which only contained extract showed only 31.70% inhibition. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between formula 1 and 2 with negative controls. In conclusion, A. cordifolia leaves extract with the addition of sorbitol showed the strongest anti-peptic ulcer activity. Keyword: Anredera cordifolia, peptic ulcer, suspense, Wistar rat.

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Home Page

OAI Link

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Contact Name Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

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Location Kota bandung, Jawa barat INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Contact Email
Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
pcpreditorialteam@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA