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Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : 25277332 EISSN : 26140020 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research (PCPR) is an international, peer-reviewed journal, publishing original research, review, case reports, and commentaries on all aspects of pharmacology and clinical pharmacy. The journal aims to contribute to the scientific committee by publishing the high quality articles. It is published 3 times a year to provide a forum for pharmacologists, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals to share best practice, encouraging networking, and a more collaborative approach in pharmacology and clinical pharmacy.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 207 Documents

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Effectiveness of Erythropoietin in Hypertensive Hemodialysis Patients Ibrahim, Susannia; Diantini, Ajeng; Prihartanto, Budhi; Supriyadi, Rudi
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is one the most prevalent health problems among the elderly. Onthe fifth stage of CRF, the patient becomes eligible to hemodialysis. CRF-induced anemiais commonly treated with Erythropoietin (Epo). Information regarding the effectiveness ofEpo in hypertensive hemodialysis patients was limited. Therefore, this study was conductedto evaluate the effectiveness of Epo in hypertensive hemodialysis patients. This study usedan observational case-control analytic method. Data were retrieved from the medical recordsof hemodialysis patients during March-May 2014. A total of 54 participants were included.The increase of haemoglobin (Hb) in controlled hypertension was 0.6257 g/dl, while the inuncontrolled hypertension group, there was a decrease in Hb (-0.1590 g/dl). The use of Epowas more effective in hemodialysis patients with controlled hypertension.Keywords: chronic kidney disease, erythropoietin, hypertension

Physicochemical Properties of Phosphate Pregelatinized Musa balbisiana Starch as Pharmaceutical Excipient Anggraini, Deni; Lukman, Anita; Teruna, Hilwan Y.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Starch is among the important pharmaceutical excipient, which is particularly used as filler in the tablet formulation and suspending agent. Starch from natural source has a potential to be developed as pharmaceutical excipient with comparable characteristics, including starch from Musa balbisiana (M. balbisiana). This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate physicochemical properties of phosphate pregelatinized M. balbisiana starch. We isolated the starch from M. balbisiana and performed pregelatinization. Since pregelatinized starch still could experience retrogradation which cause syneresis, chemical modification of pre-gelatinized starch was conducted using 5% of sodium tripolyphosphate at pH of 9-10. Physicochemical properties of phosphate pregelatinized starch were then investigated. It included the assessment of its organoleptic, pH, water content, particle size distribution, angle of repose, swelling power, amylose content, adsorbs isotherm, and particle analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Phosphate-pregelatinized M. balbisiana starch had low swelling power, better flow properties and viscosity. It can be used particularly in the formulation of slow released tablets and suspending agents in suspension formula.Keywords: pregelatinized starch, Musa balbisiana, psychochemical properties, excipients

Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum Reduces the Rate of Prostaglandin Production Fikri, Fauzan; Saptarini, Nyi M.; Levita, Jutti; Nawawi, Asari; Mutalib, Abdul; Ibrahim, Slamet
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

In Indonesia, red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) is usually used as topical pain reducer by directly applying the fresh rhizome. The aim of this research was to provide information regarding the pharmacological activity of Z. officinale var. Rubrum rhizome infusion on the rate of prostaglandin production. The Z. officinale var. Rubrum rhizome used in this research was purchased from Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Plants (Balittro) Manoko Lembang, West Java, Indonesia. This research was conducted by applying TMPD (N,N,Nâ,Nâ-tetramethyl-p-phenylendiamine) as the reagent. COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme inhibitory activity can be seen from TMPD chromogenic changes that occur during PGG2 reduction to PGH2. Phytochemical screening showed that flavonoid, quinone, and monoterpenoid/sesquiterpenoid were detected in both dried rhizomes and the water extract. Three spots were detected on thin-layer chromatography system which employing chloroform-methanol (5:5) as the eluent. The rate of prostaglandin formations either by Z. officinale var. Rubrum rhizome infusion or acetylsalicylic acid on COX-1 is slower (at 25th minutes) rather than COX-2 (5th minutes). We concluded that the rhizome of Z. officinale var. Rubrum reduces the rate of prostaglandin production. The rhizome of red ginger reduces the rate of prostaglandin production, which is slower in COX-1 than in COX-2. This plant could be further developed as anti-inflammatory drug candidate.Keywords: acetosal, antiinflammation, cyclooxygenase, NSAIDs, red ginger

Antilithiatic Activity of Averrhoa bilimbi L. Leaves Ethanol Extract on White Mice (Mus musculus) Patala, Recky; Ibrahim, Nurlina; Khumaidi, Akhmad
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (26.711 KB)

Nephrolithiasis refers to the formation of urinary calculi in the kidney and urogenital tract. It is associated with impairment of renal function. The leaves of Averrhoa bilimbi L are used empirically to treat abdominal pain, rheumatism, and to reduce kidney disorders symptoms. The aim of this study was to identify antilithiatic activity of ethanol extract of A. bilimbi L. leaves by determining the kidney weight changes and calcium levels in kidney extract of mice using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) at 422.7 nm. A total of 18 male mice were included and classified into 5 groups, i.e., positive control, negative control, and extract at 16.6; 25; and 33 mg/kg BW.Â Result showed that the calcium levels of the A. bilimbi L. extract groups were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). The most effective dose was 16.6 mg/kg BW. In conclusion, the leaves ethanol extract of A. bilimbi L. possessed antilithiatic activity.Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi L., antilithiatic activity, calcium levels, kidney stones, renal impairment

Anti-proliferative Activity of Crotalaria pallida Aiton on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Rumondor, Erladys M.; Moektiwardoyo, Moelyono; Barliana, Melisa I.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 3
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Â Crotalaria pallida Aiton (C. pallida Aiton) is empirically used as dietary supplement to treat cancer by the people of North Sulawesi. However, its scientific pharmacology activity has not been explored yet. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate anti-proliferative activity of C. pallida Aiton on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The extraction of leaves and seeds were performed using ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and water. Phytochemical screening was then performed to identify secondary metabolites in this extract. Anti-proliferative activity was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results indicated that ethyl acetate fraction of C. pallida Aiton has the lowest IC50 (29,67). In conclusion, ethyl acetate fraction of C. pallida Aiton is potential to be developed as anti cancer agent.Keywords: Crotalaria pallida Aiton, WST assay, MCF-7 cell line

The Effect of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs on the Effectiveness of Anti-Retroviral Therapy in HIV-AIDS Patients Hasriana, Hasriana; Alfian, Sofa D.; Milanda, Tiana; Abdulah, Rizky
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

patients who infected by Humman Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATB) on the effectiveness of anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy in HIVâAIDS infected patients.This study was a prospective cohort study conducted at outpatient clinic of Abepura Hospital during April-June 2015. The data were taken from medical records, which include CD4 level, gender, age, education and stage of disease. Statistical analysis was performed using bivariate and multiple regression analysis. A total of 28 subjects was included in this study (7 HIV patients and 21 TB-HIV patients). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference on general characteristics of patients using ARV-ATB and without ATB. Gender, age, occupation, education and the stage of disease did not affect the value of CD4 patients (p>0.005). The result from paired t-test showed that there was no significant difference in the level of CD4 cell, before and after treatment using ARV (pË0.912), while therapy with ARV-ATB showed significant differences (pË0.002). In conclusion, this study showed that the combination of ATB and ARV could increase CD4 level up to 72%. Thus, the use of ATB drugs on ARV patients who infected by TB is recommended to reduce disease burden.Keywords: anti-retroviral therapy , HIV- AIDS, tuberculosis

Antimitotic Activity of Cayratia trifolia Ethanol Extract on Zygote Cells of Tripneustes gratilla Feriadi, Eva; Wahyuni, Wahyuni; Yusuf, Muhammad I.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Cancer is a devastating disease characterized by abnormal cell growth. Due to several safetyÂ issues associated with current cancer treatment, identification of new strategies for cancerÂ therapy is considered necessary. Natural substances in plants m and fruits have the potentials toÂ be developed as anticancer drugs. One of them is Cayratia trifolia (C. trifolia). This studyÂ was aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity of stem and leaf ethanol extract of C. trifoliaÂ against zygote cells of sea urchin or Tripneustes gratilla (T. gratilla). Extraction of stem andÂ leaf of C. trifolia was conducted using maceration method in ethanol solvent. Thin layerÂ chromatography was performed to screen phytochemicals contained in the extract. Zygoteof T. gratilla was used to conduct antimitotic activity test. We found that stem and leaf ethanolÂ extract had IC50 of 169.82 Î¼g/ml and 208.92 Î¼g/ml, respectively. In comparison with positivecontrol of vincristine which had IC50 value of 3.23x10-3 Î¼g/ml (very strong category),Â this extract showed moderate antimitotic activity. In conclusion, C. trifolia is potential to beÂ developed as anticancer treatment.Keywords: cancer, Cayratia trifolia, antimitotic

Factors Influencing Private Practitioners to Report Tuberculosis Cases Rosma, Anneke; Yamazaki, Chiho; Kameo, Satomi; Herawati, Dewi M.; Ruslami, Rovina; Raksanagara, Ardini; Koyama, Hiroshi
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 1, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

One of the key elements in tuberculosis (TB) management is a system for recording and reporting, in which every health care provider needs to report every TB case to an authorized primary health center (PHC) to support effective treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the present condition of TB recording and reporting system and evaluate several factors that might influence PP behavior regarding the reporting of TB cases to a PHC in Bandung, Indonesia. Face-to-face interviews with PP and the head of the PHC were performed. Data were coded, categorized, and analyzed statistically by Fischerâs exact test. We found that there were four factors influencing the reporting of TB cases by PP to PHC, including self-awareness, ignorance, lack of time, and poor implementation of recording and reporting system. The level of PP self-awareness was significantly associated with the reporting of TB cases (p<0.05). Private sector involvement, improvement in the recording of treatment follow-up, and the use of electronic based reporting were considered important by participants to construct a well-established recording and reporting system for TB cases. In conclusion, there are still room for improvement in the reporting and recording system of TB cases in PHC.Keywords: recording, reporting, tuberculosis, self-awareness, practitioners

Assessment of Risk Factors of Hepatotoxicity among Tuberculosis Patients Wardhana, Muhammad F.; Milanda, Tiana; Sumiwi, Sri A.
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 3, No 1
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Tuberculosis is a devastating disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. If left untreated or not properly treated, it could lead to progressive tissue damage and even death. Short-term chemotherapy containing isoniazid, rifampicin. and pyrazinamide were proven to be very effective in the treatment of TB. However, the concern regarding its potential hepatotoxicity might hinder the completion of treatment. Information regarding risk factor of hepatotoxicity among Indonesian tuberculosis patients were limited. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of hepatotoxicity among Indonesian tuberculosis patients. This was a case-control study with retrospective approach conducted at one of the public hospital in Lampung, Indonesia. We included 320 tuberculosis patients who were classified as case (64 patients who were diagnosed with hepatotoxicity during hospitalization) and control (256 patients). Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age was significant risk factor of hepatotoxicity (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.056, 95% CI 1.0121, 1.091), while longer duration of hospitalization had a 1.4 lower odds of hepatotoxicity compared to control (adjusted OR 0.757, 95% CI 0.682, 0.839) (p<0.005). The results indicated that older patients were more likely to have hepatotoxicity, while patients with shorter duration of hospitalization tend to have higher risk of hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, age was the risk factor associated with hepatotoxicity among tuberculosis patients.Keywords: tuberculosis, hepatotoxicity, age, hospitalization

Acute Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Polygonum pulchrum Blume using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method Sadino, Asman; Sahidin, Idin; Wahyuni, Wahyuni
Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Vol 2, No 2
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

The potential toxicity effect presents in the medicinal plants is important to be identified forthe safety assurance. Accute toxicity study is an initial step in the drug safety assurance test.Thus, the aim of this study is to identify the potential acute toxicity of roots, stems, leaves,and flowers ethanol extracts of bamboo bamboo plants (Polygonum pulchrum Blume). Thisstudy used brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method. The total number of larvae used ineach concentrations in three times replications was 330 larvae. Each group was given consecutivelyroots, stems, leaves and flowers ethanol extracts of P. pulchrum Blume plants withvariation concentrations 12.5 Î¼g/ml, 25 Î¼g/ml, 50 Î¼g/ml, 100 Î¼g/ml, 125 Î¼g/ml, 250 Î¼g/ml, 500 Î¼g/ml, 1000 Î¼g/ml, 2000 Î¼g/ml, and 4000 Î¼g/ml. The number of dead larvae after24 hours treatment were calculated to obtain the mortality percentages and to determine theLC50 value, which were determined by probit analysis using MiniTab application version17.1.0. Ethanol extract of P. pulchrum roots and stems resulted LC50 values of 933.08 Î¼g/mland 919.58 Î¼g/ml, respectively. While the LC50 values of leaves and flowers extracts were2207.06 Î¼g/ml and 1081.90 Î¼g/ml, respectively. In conclusion, P. pulchrum Blume roots andstems were classified as toxic according to BLST method, while leaves and flowers were not.Keywords: acute toxicity, brine shrimp lethality test, Polygonum pulchrum Blume

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

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Reviewer

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Contact Name Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Contact Email Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

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Journal Mail Official pcpreditorialteam@gmail.com

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Location Kota bandung, Jawa barat INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Contact Email
Widya Norma Insani, M.Sc., Apt.

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
pcpreditorialteam@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA