cover
Article Per Year (5 Year)
All
Home Page
OAI Link
Editorial Team
Contact
Reviewer
Google Scholar
Contact Name
Ilham
Contact Email
Ilham.fishaholic@gmail.com
Phone
+6221-64700928
Journal Mail Official
jra.puslitbangkan@gmail.com
Editorial Address
Gedung Balibang KP II, Lantai 2 Jl. Pasir Putih II, Ancol Timur, Jakarta Utara 14430
Location
Kab. jembrana,
Bali
INDONESIA
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur
Published by Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana
ISSN : 19076754     EISSN : 25026534     DOI : http://doi.org/10.15578/JRA
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur as source of information in the form of the results of research and scientific review (review) in the field of various aquaculture disciplines include genetics and reproduction, biotechnology, nutrition and feed, fish health and the environment, and land resources in aquaculture
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)" : 6 Documents clear
EFFECTS OF FEEDING RATE REDUCTION ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND FEED UTILIZATION OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP REARED USING BIOFLOC SYSTEM Kusmiatun, Anik; Utami, Diah Ayu Satyari; Firnaeni, Tata; Kaborang, Yasinta Ega; Harijono, Teguh; Tangguda, Sartika; Triyastuti, Meilya Suzan; Djauhari, Ricky; Tantulo, Uras; Sihombing, Mika Azarya
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.331-343

Abstract

Biofloc in shrimp aquaculture provides natural food and reduces the reliance on commercial feed. The extent to which biofloc can optimize feeding management is not, however, fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of reducing feeding rates on the growth performance and feed utilization of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a biofloc system. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments: K (standard feeding, clear water), N (standard feeding, biofloc), NA (25% feeding reduction, biofloc), and NB (50% feeding reduction, biofloc). Shrimp were stocked at 40 individuals per tank and fed commercial feed containing 40% protein over a 30-day period. Results showed that shrimp in the NA treatment (25% feed reduction with biofloc) had the highest final weight (8.66 ± 0.03 g), biomass (306.13 ± 14.27 g), and weight gain (5.74 ± 0.25 g) compared to other treatments (P<0.05). NA also exhibited a higher specific growth rate (3.63 ± 0.27 %/day) than K and NB. Feed utilization improved with a lower feed conversion ratio and higher protein retention in the NA group. This study highlights that a 25% feeding rate reduction in biofloc systems optimizes shrimp growth and feed utilization. Future research should explore long-term sustainability, biofloc composition variations, and technological integration for scaling up efficient and environmentally sustainable shrimp farming operations.Penggunaan bioflok dalam budidaya udang memberikan makanan alami dan mengurangi ketergantungan pada pakan komersial. Namun, sejauh mana bioflok dapat mengoptimalkan manajemen pakan belum sepenuhnya dipahami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek pengurangan laju pemberian pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan pakan udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang dibudidayakan dalam sistem bioflok. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu: K (pemberian pakan standar, air jernih), N (pemberian pakan standar, bioflok), NA (pengurangan pakan 25%, bioflok), dan NB (pengurangan pakan 50%, bioflok). Udang ditempatkan sebanyak 40 individu per tangki dan diberi pakan komersial yang mengandung 40% protein selama 30 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa udang pada perlakuan NA (pengurangan pakan 25% dengan bioflok) memiliki berat akhir tertinggi (8,66 ± 0,03 g), biomassa (306,13 ± 14,27 g), dan kenaikan berat (5,74 ± 0,25 g) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya (P<0,05). NA juga menunjukkan tingkat pertumbuhan spesifik yang lebih tinggi (3,63 ± 0,27 %/hari) dibandingkan K dan NB. Pemanfaatan pakan meningkat dengan rasio konversi pakan yang lebih rendah dan retensi protein yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok NA. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan feeding rate pakan sebesar 25% dalam sistem bioflok mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan udang dan pemanfaatan pakan. Penelitian di masa depan harus mengeksplorasi keberlanjutan jangka panjang, variasi komposisi bioflok, dan integrasi teknologi untuk meningkatkan praktik budidaya udang yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan.
EKSTRAK KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum) SEBAGAI ANTIBAKTERI UNTUK PENGOBATAN UDANG VANAME YANG DIINFEKSI Vibrio parahaemolyticus Ramadhani, Dian Eka; Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Saputri, Rika Ani; Widanarni, Widanarni; Rizkiyanti, Ita
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.345-364

Abstract

Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) or Acute Hepato Pancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) caused by the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. par) causes mass deaths in shrimp farming. This study aims to obtain the effective dose of shallot skin extract as a treatment for Pacific whiteleg shrimp infected with V. par RfR (rifampicin resistance 50 µg mL- 1). This research was conducted at the Pilot plane Faculty of Agricultural Technology and Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Jepara Centre for Brackish Water Aquaculture (BBPBAP). This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replications, namely K- (negative control), K+ (positive control), KBM6,25 (shallot skin extract 6,25%), KBM12,5 (shallot skin extract red 12,5%), and KBM25 (shallot skin extract 25%). This research used Pacific whiteleg shrimp 3,41 ± 0,73 g fish-1,which were injected with V. par RfR bacteria and continued with 14 days of maintenance. The results showed that administration of shallot skin extract at a dose of 6,25% resulted in total haemocyte count (THC), differential haemocyte count (DHC), phagocytic activity (AF), reduction in the number of V. par RfR bacteria, survival rate, and feeding ratio which were significantly different compared to the positive control. Meanwhile, the clinical symptoms caused by treatment with shallot skin extract at doses of 6,25%, 12,5% and 25% recovered on the 14th day compared to the positive control, which still experienced clinical symptoms of infection.
PERFORMA VAKSIN IKAN ‘TRIVALEN-SA’ PASCAPENYIMPANAN SELAMA 12 BULAN UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KO-INFEKSI STREPTOCOCCOSIS DAN MOTILE AEROMONAS SEPTICEMIA PADA IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) Kholidin, Edy Barkat; Wadjdy, Edy Farid; Sudarmaji, Sudarmaji; Sirodiana, Sirodiana; Abduh, Muhammad; Saputra, Adang; Murniasih, Siti; Taukhid, Taukhid
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.277-298

Abstract

Riset ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efikasi dan keamanan vaksin ikan ‘Trivalen-SA’ pascapenyimpanan selama 12 bulan untuk pencegahan ko-infeksi streptococcosis dan motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) pada ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah ikan nila yang sudah specific pathogen free dengan bobot 8 ± 1,2 g. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah aplikasi vaksin melalui: (1) Injeksi satu dosis (0,1 mL per ekor), (2) Injeksi dua dosis (0,2 mL per ekor), (3) Perendaman dalam larutan vaksin pada konsentrasi 107 CFU mL-1,(4) Injeksi 0,1 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) sebagai kontrol positif, dan (5) Perendaman dalam air segar selama 30 menit sebagai kontrol negatif.  Efikasi vaksin dievaluasi dengan nilai relative percent survival (RPS) melalui uji tantang terhadap kedua jenis bakteri infektif penyusun formula vaksin. Uji keamanan vaksin dilakukan sesuai metode standar pengujian vaksin ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa vaksin ikan ‘Trivalen-SA’ pada pengujian ini masih aman dan protektif dengan hasil secara kuantitatif lebih baik karena nilai RPS terhadap infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila berkisar antara 15,79-29,82%; bakteri Streptococcus agalactiae (non-hemolitik) antara 25,92-48,15%, dan bakteri S. agalactiae (β-hemolitik) antara 18,52-40,75%. Proteksi sinergis terhadap ko-infeksi ketiga jenis atau biotipe bakteri adalah 27,37% untuk injeksi satu dosis; 39,57% untuk injeksi dua dosis, dan 22,54% untuk perendaman. Hasil terbaik berdasarkan kinerja sintasan dan pertambahan bobot tubuh ikan nila dengan nilai RPS mencapai 39,57% apabila diberikan vaksin melalui injeksi dua dosis (0,2 mL per ekor).A study was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of the ‘Trivalen-SA’ fish vaccine after 12 months of storage in preventing co-infection by streptococcosis and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Specific pathogen-free tilapia with a weight of 8 ± 1,2 g were used as the test fish. The treatments included: (1) Injection with a single dose (0.1 mL per fish), (2) Injection with a double dose (0.2 mL per fish), (3) Immersion with the vaccine solution in 107 CFU mL-1, (4) Injection with 0.1 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a positive control, and (5) Immersion with freshwater for 30 minutes as a negative control. Vaccine efficacy was assessed using relative percent survival (RPS) values obtained from the challenge tests against each bacterial species in the vaccine. Vaccine safety was evaluated according to standard fish vaccine testing protocols. The results showed that the ‘Trivalen-SA’ vaccine in this study remained safe and effective indicated by RPS value against Aeromonas hydrophila ranged from 15.79 to 29.82%, non-hemolytic Streptococcus agalactiae ranged from 25.92 to 48.15%, and β-hemolytic S. agalactiae ranged from 18.52 to 40.75%. The synergistic protection against co-infection by all three bacterial species or biotypes was 27.37% for the single-dose injection, 39.57% for the double-dose injection, and 22.54% for the immersion method.  The best results based on the survival performance and body weight gain of tilapia with an RPS value reached 39.57% when given the vaccine through double-dose injection (0.2 mL per fish).
PENGARUH TINGKAT DAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN PAKAN TERHADAP KINERJA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PEMANFAATAN PAKAN PADA PEMELIHARAAN BENIH IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy) Firdaus, Rahmat; Syandri, Hafrijal; Azrita, Azrita
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.365-382

Abstract

Pakan komersial menyumbang hingga 85% dari biaya produksi dalam pembenihan ikan gurami, dengan kenaikan harga yang berdampak pada efisiensi produksi. Optimalisasi feeding rate (FR) dan feeding frequency (FF) sangat penting dalam pengelolaan pakan. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi FR dan FF terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan pakan pada benih ikan gurami. Rancangan acak lengkap faktorial digunakan dengan dua tingkat FR (3% dan 6%) serta tiga tingkat FF (1, 2, dan 3 kali per hari), menghasilkan enam kombinasi perlakuan dengan tiga ulangan. Ikan gurami (0,81 ± 0,02 g; 3,79 ± 0,17 cm) dipelihara selama 60 hari dalam unit dengan volume 20 L dengan kepadatan 1 ekor L⁻¹ dan pergantian air yang seragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi FR 6% dengan FF tiga kali per hari menghasilkan kinerja pertumbuhan terbaik, dengan bobot akhir (5,74 g), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (3,25% hari⁻¹), pertambahan bobot harian (82,17 mg hari⁻¹), koefisien pertumbuhan termal (4,74), dan faktor kondisi (1,91). Kombinasi FR 6% dengan FF dua kali per hari menghasilkan panjang akhir (6,96 cm), biomassa akhir (113,75 g), hasil bersih (4,87 g L⁻¹), total konsumsi pakan (120,07 g), dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup (100%) tertinggi. Rasio konversi pakan terbaik (0,83) dan efisiensi pakan tertinggi (82,46%) ditemukan pada FR 3% dengan FF tiga kali per hari, meskipun tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan. Secara keseluruhan, FR 6% dengan FF tiga kali per hari merupakan kombinasi paling efektif untuk mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan pakan (rasio konversi pakan 1,05; efisiensi pakan 81,87%) dan direkomendasikan dalam manajemen pembenihan ikan gurami.Commercial feed accounts for up to 85% of production costs in giant gourami hatcheries, with rising prices impacting production efficiency. Optimizing feeding rate (FR) and feeding frequency (FF) is crucial for managing feed use. This study analyzed effects of different FR and FF combinations on growth performance and feed utilization in giant gourami fry. A factorial completely randomized design was used with two FR (3% and 6%) and three FF levels (1, 2, and 3 times per day), totaling six treatment combinations with three replicates. Giant gourami (0.81 ± 0.02 g, 3.79 ± 0.17 cm) were reared for 60 days in 20 L units at a density of 1 fish L-1, with uniform water exchange. Results showed that FR 6% with FF three times per day yielded the best growth performance, with final weight (5.74 g), specific growth rate (3.25% day-1), daily weight gain (82.17 mg day-1), thermal growth coefficient (4.74), and condition factor (1.91). The FR 6% with FF twice per day combination resulted in the highest final length (6.96 cm), biomass (113.75 g), net yield (4.87 g L-1), total feed consumption (120.07 g), and survival rate (100%). The best feed conversion ratio (0.83) and feed efficiency (82.46%) were observed in FR 3% with FF three times per day, though it did not enhance growth. Overall, FR 6% with FF three times per day was the most effective for optimizing growth and feed utilization (feed conversion ratio 1.05; feed efficiency 81.87%) and is recommended for giant gourami hatchery management.
THE EFFECTS OF FERMENTED BANANA STEM (Musa paradisiaca) IN REDUCING ECTOPARASITE INFESTATION IN FARMED RED TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) Sari, Yolania Anita; Yanadea, Elvira Clara; Putra, Narendra Rhayszha Metryana; Pangestuti, Novia Dwi; Praditya, Aisyah Febri; Windarto, Seto
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.299-314

Abstract

Tilapia is a widely farmed freshwater fish due to its fast growth and disease resistance. However, ectoparasite infestations hinder its health and growth. Antibiotics are commonly used to treat these parasites, but their negative effects have led to the search for alternatives, such as banana (Musa paradisiaca) stem. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of fermented banana stem on ectoparasite mortality in red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experiment included treatments with fermented banana stem at concentrations of 5 g.L⁻¹, 10 g.L⁻¹, and 15 g.L⁻¹, along with a control group. The fish samples were obtained from a goverment owned farming pond facility and a fish market with the average sizes of 10.2 ± 3.8 cm and 7.5 ± 1.3 cm, respectively. Farmed tilapia from the market pond had more ectoparasites compared to the fish collected from the government farming facility. The identified parasites were: Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Ichtyophtirius multifilis, and Oodinium sp. The result showed that the fermented banana stem had different effective time in eradicating different ectoparasites ranged from 480-840 s for Trichodina sp., followed by 1380-1920 s for Dactylogyrus sp., and 2040-2640 s for Gyrodactylus sp. At concentrations of 10–15 g.L⁻¹, it significantly accelerated parasite mortality and increased tilapia survival rates by up to 80%. This study concludes that bioactive compounds in fermented banana stem effectively treat ectoparasites disease attacks and improve fish health.Ikan nila merupakan salah satu ikan air tawar yang banyak dibudidayakan karena pertumbuhannya yang cepat dan ketahanannya terhadap penyakit. Namun, infestasi ektoparasit dapat menghambat kesehatan dan pertumbuhannya. Antibiotik umumnya digunakan untuk mengobati jenis parasit ini, tetapi dampak negatifnya mendorong pencarian alternatif, seperti batang pisang (Musa paradisiaca). Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh berbagai dosis fermentasi batang pisang terhadap mortalitas ektoparasit pada nila merah (Oreochromis niloticus). Percobaan melibatkan perlakuan dengan fermentasi batang pisang pada konsentrasi 5 g.L⁻¹, 10 g.L⁻¹, dan 15 g.L⁻¹, serta kelompok kontrol. Sampel ikan diperoleh dari kolam budidaya milik pemerintah dan pasar ikan, dengan ukuran rata-rata masing-masing 10,2 ± 3,8 cm dan 7,5 ± 1,3 cm. Ikan dari pasar memiliki lebih banyak ektoparasit dibandingkan dengan ikan dari fasilitas pemerintah. Parasit yang teridentifikasi meliputi Trichodina sp., Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, dan Oodinium sp.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi batang pisang memiliki efektivitas waktu berbeda dalam membasmi ektoparasit, berkisar antara 480–840 detik untuk Trichodina sp., 1380–1920 detik untuk Dactylogyrus sp., dan 2040–2640 detik untuk Gyrodactylus sp.. Pada konsentrasi 10–15 g.L⁻¹, fermentasi batang pisang secara signifikan mempercepat kematian parasit dan meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup ikan hingga 80%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa senyawa bioaktif dalam batang pisang terfermentasi efektif dalam mengobati serangan penyakit akibat ektoparasit dan meningkatkan kesehatan ikan nila.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FEEDING RATES OF CORN COB FLOUR SUPPLEMENTED-FEED ON THE GROWTH OF FARMED Osphronemus gouramy Yulfiperius, Yulfiperius; Firman, Firman; Hartini, Sri
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.315-329

Abstract

The rapid growth of the aquaculture industry and the limited availability of conventional fish feed have driven the need for alternative feed sources, particularly in intensive fish farming systems. This study, conducted from May 15 to July 5, 2017, in Bengkulu, aimed to determine the optimal feeding rate for gourami (Osphronemus goramy) using artificial fish pellets. A completely randomized design was applied, testing four feeding rates based on fish biomass: D1 (2%), D2 (3%), D3 (4%), and D4 (5%) per day. Gouramis (3.2–3.3 g, 1.1–1.3 cm) were reared in 24 plastic containers (50×30×27 cm3) under controlled water quality conditions. The results showed that a 5% feeding rate (D4) yielded the best outcomes in absolute length (1.97 ± 0.13 cm), specific growth rate (2.78 ± 0.17% day⁻¹), feed conversion ratio (3.72 ± 0.11), feed efficiency (26.85 ± 0.30%), and survival rate (88.89%). Statistical analysis revealed that different feeding rates significantly influenced absolute length, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio, while feed efficiency and survival rate remained unaffected. Despite the promising growth performance at higher feeding rates, the high feed conversion ratio and low feed efficiency highlight the need for improved feed formulations. Future research should focus on optimizing corn cobs as a complementary ingredient to enhance feed efficiency, minimize waste, and contribute to sustainable aquaculture. Incorporating corn cob-based feeds could improve waste management and provide economic benefits to fish farmers.Pesatnya pertumbuhan industri akuakultur dan keterbatasan ketersediaan pakan ikan konvensional mendorong perlunya sumber pakan alternatif, terutama dalam sistem budidaya ikan intensif. Penelitian ini, yang dilaksanakan pada tanggal 15 Mei hingga 5 Juli 2017 di Bengkulu, bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat pemberian pakan optimal bagi ikan gurami (Osphronemus gouramy) menggunakan pakan buatan ikan. Rancangan acak lengkap diterapkan dengan menguji empat tingkat pemberian pakan berdasarkan biomassa ikan: D1 (2%), D2 (3%), D3 (4%), dan D4 (5%) per hari. Ikan gurami (3,2–3,3 g, 1,1–1,3 cm) dipelihara dalam 24 wadah plastik (50×30×27 cm³) dengan kualitas air yang terkontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemberian pakan 5% (D4) memberikan hasil terbaik dalam hal panjang mutlak (1,97 ± 0,13 cm), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (2,78 ± 0,17% hari⁻¹), rasio konversi pakan (3,72 ± 0,11), efisiensi pakan (26,85 ± 0,30%), dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup (88,89%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemberian pakan yang berbeda berpengaruh signifikan terhadap panjang mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, dan rasio konversi pakan, sedangkan efisiensi pakan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tidak terpengaruh. Meskipun tingkat pemberian pakan yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik, tingginya rasio konversi pakan dan rendahnya efisiensi pakan menunjukkan perlunya perbaikan formulasi pakan. Penelitian lebih lanjut perlu difokuskan pada optimalisasi tongkol jagung sebagai bahan tambahan pakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pakan, mengurangi limbah, dan mendukung kegiatan akuakultur berkelanjutan. Penggunaan pakan berbasis tongkol jagung juga dapat membantu pengelolaan limbah serta memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi pembudidaya ikan.

Page 1 of 1 | Total Record : 6

 1 

Filter by Year

2024 2024


Reset
Filter By Issues
All Issue Vol 20, No 2 (2025): Juni (2025) Vol 20, No 1 (2025): Maret (2025) Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024) Vol 19, No 3 (2024): September (2024) Vol 19, No 2 (2024): Juni (2024) Vol 19, No 1 (2024): (Maret 2024) Vol 18, No 4 (2023): (Desember, 2023) Vol 18, No 3 (2023): (September, 2023) Vol 18, No 2 (2023): (Juni, 2023) Vol 18, No 1 (2023): (Maret 2023) Vol 17, No 4 (2022): (Desember 2022) Vol 17, No 3 (2022): (September) 2022 Vol 17, No 2 (2022): (Juni) 2022 Vol 17, No 1 (2022): (Maret, 2022) Vol 16, No 4 (2021): (Desember, 2021) Vol 16, No 3 (2021): (September, 2021) Vol 16, No 2 (2021): (Juni, 2021) Vol 16, No 1 (2021): (Maret, 2021) Vol 15, No 4 (2020): (Desember, 2020) Vol 15, No 3 (2020): (September, 2020) Vol 15, No 2 (2020): (Juni, 2020) Vol 15, No 1 (2020): (Maret, 2020) Vol 14, No 4 (2019): (Desember, 2019) Vol 14, No 3 (2019): (September, 2019) Vol 14, No 2 (2019): (Juni, 2019) Vol 14, No 1 (2019): (Maret, 2019) Vol 13, No 4 (2018): (Desember 2018) Vol 13, No 3 (2018): (September 2018) Vol 13, No 2 (2018): (Juni, 2018) Vol 13, No 1 (2018): (Maret 2018) Vol 12, No 3 (2017): (September 2017) Vol 12, No 4 (2017): (Desember 2017) Vol 12, No 2 (2017): (Juni 2017) Vol 12, No 1 (2017): (Maret 2017) Vol 11, No 3 (2016): (September 2016) Vol 11, No 4 (2016): (Desember 2016) Vol 11, No 2 (2016): (Juni 2016) Vol 11, No 1 (2016): (Maret 2016) Vol 8, No 3 (2013): (Desember 2013) Vol 5, No 3 (2010): (Desember 2010) Vol 5, No 2 (2010): (Agustus 2010) Vol 5, No 1 (2010): (April 2010) Vol 2, No 2 (2007): (Agustus 2007) Vol 2, No 1 (2007): (April 2007) Vol 1, No 1 (2006): (April 2006) Vol 10, No 4 (2015): (Desember 2015) Vol 10, No 3 (2015): (September 2015) Vol 10, No 2 (2015): (Juni 2015) Vol 10, No 1 (2015): (Maret 2015) Vol 9, No 3 (2014): (Desember 2014) Vol 9, No 2 (2014): (Agustus 2014) Vol 9, No 1 (2014): (April 2014) Vol 8, No 2 (2013): (Agustus 2013) Vol 8, No 1 (2013): (April 2013) Vol 7, No 3 (2012): (Desember 2012) Vol 7, No 2 (2012): (Agustus 2012) Vol 7, No 1 (2012): (April 2012) Vol 6, No 3 (2011): (Desember 2011) Vol 6, No 2 (2011): (Agustus 2011) Vol 6, No 1 (2011): (April 2011) Vol 4, No 3 (2009): (Desember 2009) Vol 4, No 2 (2009): (Agustus 2009) Vol 4, No 1 (2009): (April 2009) Vol 3, No 3 (2008): (Desember 2008) Vol 3, No 2 (2008): (Agustus 2008) Vol 3, No 1 (2008): (April 2008) Vol 2, No 3 (2007): (Desember 2007) Vol 1, No 3 (2006): (Desember 2006) Vol 1, No 2 (2006): (Agustus 2006) More Issue