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Journal of Maternal and Child Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25490257     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH) is an electronic, open-access, double-blind and peer-reviewed international journal, focusing on maternal and child health. The journal began its publication on July 11, 2015, and is published four times yearly. JMCH aims to improve the policy, program, service, and practice, as they impact infant, children, mother, women, adolescent, and family health.
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Articles 549 Documents
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Path Analysis on the Factors Affecting Postnatal Depression Widarti, Sri; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 5 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Postpartum depression is one of the emotional disorders as a result of failure to accept the psychological adaptation process in women in the postpartum period. There are many factors of postpartum depression. This study aimd to determine factors affecting postpartum depression.Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 30 villages, in Bantul, Yogyakarta, from February to March 2019. A sample of 210 postaprtum mothers was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was the postpartum depression. The independent variables were age, education, income, ANC visit, number of children, parity, unwanted pregnancy, type of labor, family support, domestic violence, and stress. Postpartum depression was measured by Endinburgh postnatal depression scale. Psychological stress was measured by Kessler psychological distress scale. The other variables were collected by questionnaire. The data was analyzed by path analysis.Results: Postpartum depression was directly and positively affected by type of labor (b = 3.85; 95% CI= 0.16 to 7.54; p = 0.041), stress (b= 3.53; 95% CI= 0.34 to 6.72; p= 0.030), parity (b= 4.01; 95% CI= 0.04 to 7.98; p= 0.048), unwanted pregnancy (b= 9.43; 95% CI= 1.51 to 17.3; p= 0.019). It was directly and negatively affected by number of children (b = -5.05; 95% CI= -10 to -0.02; p = 0.049), family support (b= -3.73; 95% CI= -6.98 to -0.50; p= 0.024), and ANC visit (b = -8.18; 95% CI= -15.3 to -1.00; p= 0.026). Postpartum depression was indirectly affected by education, income, domestic violence, and age.Conclusion: Postpartum depression is directly and positively affected by type of labor, stress, parity, unwanted pregnancy. It is directly and negatively affected by number of children, family support, and ANC visit. Postpartum depression is indirectly affected by education, income, domestic violence, and age.Keywords: Postpartum depression, domestic violence, path analysisCorrespondence: Sri Widarti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: widacorset@gmail.com.Mobile: 082135814923.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(5): 358-368https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.05.10
Path Analysis on the Biological and Social-Economic Determinants of Anemia in Pregnant Mothers in Bantul, Yogyakarta Reso, Mulya Cunda Ratu; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Ratna; Budihastuti, Uki Retno
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnant women is one of the public health problems that is still considered as a serious problem. The most important things in handling cases of anemia in pregnant women is to pay attention to biological and socio-economic factors in pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the effect of biological and socio-economic factors on the incidence of anemia among pregnant women.Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Bambanglipuro community health center, Bantul, Yogyakarta, from March to April 2019. A sample of 200 pregnant women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was anemia. The independent variables were age, gestational age, parity, birth spacing, education, income, adherence to iron tablet consumption, contraceptive use before pregnancy, dietary pattern, and body mass index (BMI). The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of anemia in pregnant women was directly and positively affected by education <Senior high school (b=1.92; 95% CI=0.67 to 3.17; p=0.003), age <20 or ≥35 years old (b=1.27; 95% CI= 0.09 to 2.46; p=0.036), parity ≥3 times (b=1.57; 95% CI= 0.42 to 2.72; p=0.007), birth spacing <2 years (b=2.58; 95% CI= 1.23 to 3.93; p<0.001), gestational age (II and III trimesters) (b=2.07; 95% CI=0.69 to 3.45; p=0.003), BMI <18.5 (b=3.21; 95% CI=1.98 to 4.44; p<0.001), and irregular iron tablet consumption (b=1.46; 95% CI=0.31 to 2.62; p=0.013). It was indirectly affected by education, history of contraceptive use, dietary pattern, and family income.Conclusion: The risk of anemia in pregnant women is directly and positively affected by education <Senior high school, age <20 or ≥35 years old, parity ≥3 times, birth spacing <2 years, gestational age (II and III trimesters), BMI <18.5, and irregular iron tablet consumption. It is indirectly affected by education, history of contraceptive use, dietary pattern, and family income.Keywords: anemia, iron tablet consumption, dietary pattern, path analysis Correspondence: Mulya Cunda Ratu Reso. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: mulyacund@gmail.com. Mobile: 08213­8095480Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 23-34https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.03 
Theory of Planned Behavior: Determinants of the Use of Modern Family Planning Method Agus, Yuliana; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini; Soemanto, RB.
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 5 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The use of contraception tool is one of the factors that affect fertility. It is influ­en­ced by demographic, socio-economic, legal, political and environmental factors. The use of mo­dern family planning method can provide optimal benefits by minimizing side effects and complaints felt by the community. The aim is to analyze the determinants of the use of modern fa­mily planning method in Malinau District, North Kalimantan by using the theory of planned behavior.Subjects and Method: This was an observational analytic study with cross sectional appro­ach conducted in 4 (four) sub-districts in Malinau District, North Kalimantan, in December 2018 to January 2019. Total 200 subjects were selected by fixed disease sampling. The de­pen­dent variable was the mothers who applied the modern family planning method. The inde­pen­dent variables were maternal age, parity, area of residence, level of education, family income, per­ception, intention, attitude, and subjective norms. The data were collected by question­nai­res and analyzed with path analysis.Results: The use of modern family planning method in women is directly and positively influ­en­ced by parity ≥ 4 (b = 3.03; 95% CI = 1.23 to 4.83; p <0.001), high family income (b = 4.57; 95% CI = 2.66 to 6.47; p <0.001), positive attitude (b = 3.92; 95% CI = 1.42 to 6.42; p = 0.002), and strong intention (b = 4.84; 95% CI = 2.85 to 6.82; p <0.001). The use of modern fa­mily planning method for women is indirectly influenced by the level of education and sub­ject­ive norms.Conclusions: The use of modern family planning method in women is directly and positively influenced by parity ≥ 4, high family income, positive attitude, and strong intention. The use of modern family planning methods for women is indirectly influenced by the level of education and subjective norms.Keywords: modern contraceptive methods, Theory of Planned BehaviorCorrespondence: Yuliana Agus. Masters Program In Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: yulianaagus07@gmail.com. Mobile: 085343928921Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(5): 369-379https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.05.11 
Contextual Effect of Village on the Risk of Postpartum Depression after Earthquake in Lombok, Indonesia Abdiani, Baiq Tuhu; Tamtomo, Didik; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 5 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Postpartum depression is a feeling disorder experienced by the mother after giving birth that can occur at any time within one year. According to the WHO, the post-disaster of most of the affected population have normal psychological reactions and around 15 to 20% will expe­rie­n­ce men­tal disorders that refer to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). 3 to 4% experience severe dis­­or­ders such as psychosis, major depression and high anxiety. This study aims to analyze the vil­la­ge contextual influence on postpartum depression post earthquake.Subjects and Method: This was observational analytic study with cross sectional approach, conducted in 25 villages in East Lombok district, Indonesia in March to April 2019. The total sam­ple of 225 postpartum mothers was selected using stratified random sampling. The dependent va­ri­able was postpartum depression. The independent variables were age, parity, education, em­ploy­ment, income, obstetric history, social support, stress coping, government support, the role of he­a­lth personnel, and the level of loss. The data collection was conducted using questionnaires and ana­lyzed using multilevel multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: Postpartum depression was affected by age <20 or > 35 years (b = 1.79; 95% CI = 2.85 to 13.37; p = 0.001), parity <2 or > 4 (b = 1.45; 95% CI = 0.37 to 2.53; p = 0.008), high income (b = -1.68; CI 95% = -2.75 to -0.61; p = 0.002), there was an obstetric history (b = 1.03; CI 95% = -0.03 to 2.11; p = 0.059), strong social support (b = -1.62; 95% CI = -2.76 to -0.48; p = 0.005, good coping stress (b = -3.95; 95% CI = -5.42 to -2.47; p <0.001), strong government support (b = -1.26; 95% CI = -2.34 to -0.18; p = 0.022), the role of health personnel (b = -2.06; CI 95% = -3.29 to -0.83; p = 0.001), and the rate of loss (b = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.46 to 3.92; p <0.001) Postpartum depression was not influenced by higher education (b = -0.60; 95% CI = -1.63 to 0.42; p = 0.250) and low employment (b = 0.57; 95% CI = -0.44 to 1.59; p = 0.272). Villages has a contextual in­flu­en­ce on postpartum depression after the earthquake (ICC = 8.36%).Conclusion: Age, parity, income, obstetric history, social support, stress coping, government sup­port, the role of health personnel, and the level of loss have an influence on postpartum depression af­ter the earthquake. There is a contextual influence between the villages on average on the in­ci­den­ce of postpartum depression after the earthquake.Keywords: postpartum depression, stress coping, post earthquake, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Baiq Tuhu Abdiani, Public Health Master’s Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: tuhuabdiani8@gmail.com. Mobile: 081999546500.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(5): 380-391https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.05.12
Risk Factors of Maternal Death in Karanganyar, Central Java, Indonesia Kusnadi, Noferi; Respati, Supriyadi Hari; Sulistyowati, Sri
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The maternal mortality rate is an indicator of national health status. To reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR), especially in Karanganyar Regency, the risk factors that affect maternal mortality must be known.Subjects and Method:  This was a case-control study conducted in Karanganyar, Central Java, from 2016 to 2017. A sample of 57 study subjects was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was maternal mor­tality. The independent variables were pregnancy complica­tions, labor complications, post­partum complications, maternal age, a distance of pregnancy, parity, maternal nutritional status during pregnancy, number of antenatal care visits, delay in making decisions, late referrals, late handling of staff, maternal education, maternal work, and income family. Data collected using questionnaires were then analyzed using bivariate analysis and multivariate analysis.Results: Maternal mortality was affected by pregnancy complications (OR= 6.98; 95% CI= 2.06 to 23.71; p= 0.001), labor complication (OR= 7.59; 95% CI= 2.19 to 26.28; p= 0.001), delayed labor (OR = 5.39; 95% CI= 1.17 to 24.75; p= 0.021), and family income (OR= 4.29; 95% CI= 1.28 to 14.41; p = 0.015).Conclusion: Maternal mortality was affected by pregnancy complications, labor complication, delayed labor, and family income.Keywords: risk factors, maternal mortality, Karanganyar RegencyCorrespondence: Noferi Kusnadi. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Moewardi Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java. Mobile: 08112654789. Email: noferikusnadi.og@gmail.comJournal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 499-506https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.10 
Multilevel Analysis on Factors Affecting Measles Rubella Immunization Uptake among Toddlers in Pekanbaru, Indonesia Rosadi, Wahyuni; Sulaeman, Endang Sutisna; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Measles-Rubella (MR) immunization is a way to prevent measles and rubella, because the disease cannot be treated and the treatment given to patients is only supportive. Measles and rubella are spread in almost all provinces in Indonesia, so it needs a high and evenly coverage of at least 95% to break the chain of transmission. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of MR immunization uptake in infants.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 25 community health posts (posyandu) in Pekanbaru, Indonesia, from April to May 2019. A sample of 200 mothers who had children aged 9-59 months was selected by stratified random sampling. The dependent variable was Rubella-Measles immunization. The independent variables were maternal education, maternal knowledge, family support, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: Measles-Rubella immunization uptake increased with high maternal education (b= 0.66; 95% CI= -0.07 to 1.41; p= 0.080), high maternal knowledge (b= 0.90; 95% CI= 0.14 to 1.65; p= 0.020), strong family support (b= 0.71; 95% CI= -0.05 to 1.48; p= 0.068), high perceived susceptibility (b= 1.24; 95% CI= 0.33 to 2.14; p= 0.007), high perceived severity (b= 1.19; 95% CI= 0.36 to 2.03; p= 0.005), strong perceived benefit (b= 0.93; 95% CI= 0.19 to 1.66; p= 0.013), high cues to action (b= 0.96; 95% CI= 0.19 to 1.73; p= 0.014), and high self efficacy (b= 1.45; 95% CI= 0.59 to 2.31; p= 0.001). It decreased with strong perceived barrier (b= -1.05; 95% CI= -1.81 to -0.29; p= 0.007). Posyandu had a contextual effect on Rubella-Measles immunization with ICC= 10.53%.Conclusion: Measles-Rubella immunization uptake increases with high maternal education, high maternal knowledge, strong family support, high perceived susceptibility, high perceived severity, strong perceived benefit, high cues to action, and high self efficacy. It decreases with strong perceived barrier. Posyandu has a contextual effect on Rubella-Measles immunization.Keywords: Measles, Rubella, immunization, health belief model, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Wahyuni Rosadi. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: wahyuni.rosadi08@gmail.com. Mobile: 085271819193.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 448-460https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.06 
Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Female Infertility Sari, Suci Arsita; Budihastuti, Uki Retno; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Infertility is not a disease that needs to be worried. However, it becomes a serious problem for certain people such as causing divorce. Infertility in women can be affected by Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Body Mass Index (BMI), lifestyle, age, occupation, stress, metabolic disorder, endometriosis, and uterine myoma. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with female infertility.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case-control design. This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from May to July 2019. A sample of 200 women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was infertility. The independent variables were PCOS, BMI, lifestyle, age, occupation, stress, metabolic disorder, endometriosis, and uterine myoma. The data were collected by questionnaire and medical record. The study was analyzed by multiple logistic regression.Results: Female infertility was affected by age ?35 years (OR= 9.05; 95% CI= 2.61 to 31.39; p= 0.001), occupation (OR= 8.29; 95% CI= 2.25 to 30.48; p= 0.001), BMI ?25 (OR= 8.16; 95% CI= 2.44 to 27.29; p=0.001), PCOS (OR=117.34; 95% CI=10.31 to 1334.83; p <0.001), endometriosis (OR= 5.01; 95% CI= 1.17 to 21.38; p=0.029), uterine myoma (OR=6.59; 95% CI= 1.76 to 24.67; p= 0.005), and metabolic disorder (OR= 15.39; 95% CI= 4.02 to 58.84; p<0.001).Conclusion: Female fertility is affected by age ?35 years, occupation, BMI ?25, PCOS, endometriosis, uterine myoma, and metabolic disorder.Keywords: female infertility, PCOS, endometriosisCorrespondence:Suci Arsita Sari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: suciarsita@gma­il.com. Mobile: 08578­617­99­94.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 507-515https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.11 
Understanding Pregnant Women with Opioid Use Disorder Stiffler, Deborah; Amundson, Mia; Hapke, Lauren; Harvey, Emilie; Sizemore, Samantha; Smith, Savannah
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Pregnant women with opioid use disorder are a major concern to the healthcare industry. They are not only one of the most stigmatized groups but are in need of outreach. Women who are afflicted by opioid addiction are a highly vulnerable group who are at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and perinatal complications. The purpose of this study was to do a meta-synthesis of the literature to gain a better understanding of the women?s perspective who are addicted to opioid during pregnancy.Subjects and Method: We conducted an exhaustive literature search for qualitative studies that focused on women with opioid used disorder during pregnancy and postpartum. After conducting a rigorous methodological protocol for meta-synthesis described by Joanna Briggs Institute, ten studies met the criteria for inclusion into this study. We used the Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (QARI) from the Joanna Briggs Institute to assist with data management. We extracted the representative quotations and categorized them into like themes.Results: There were three themes formulated from this meta-synthesis: overarching fear, trust, and educational deficits. This meta-synthesis of qualitative studies leads to a greater understanding of how pregnant women with opioid use disorder perceive the consequences of their actions.Conclusion: Implications from this meta-synthesis will inform those working with opioid-addicted pregnant women and aid in establishing best practices for them and their infants by revealing their addiction experiences and narratives.Keywords: opioid use disorder, pregnancy, stigmaCorrespondence: Deborah Stiffler. Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Email: dstiffle­@iu.edu.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 461-474https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.07 
Associations between Education, Knowledge, Attitude, and Maternal Intention on Antenatal Care Visit Panjaitan, Polma Ria Metawati; Santosa, Heru; Utama, Surya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Good quality of health care is important for maternal and infants health. Regular antenatal visit can assist in identifying and reducing risks of mother and infant during pregnancy. This study aimed to examine the associations between education, knowledge, attitude, and maternal intention on antenatal care (ANC) visit.Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at Ridos hospital, Medan, North Sumatera, in 2017. A sample of 89 pregnant women was selected by accidental sampling. The dependent variable was ANC visit. The independent variables were education, knowledge, and attitude. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by linear multiple regression.Results: Maternal intention to do ANC visit increased with high education (b= 0.36; p= 0.001), knowledge (b= 0.48; p= 0.001), and attitude (b = 0.24; p= 0.001).Conclusion: Maternal intention to do ANC visit increased with high education, knowledge, and attitude.Keywords: antenatal care, pregnant womenCorrespondence: Polma Ria Metawati Panjaitan. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Jl. Universitas 21, Medan 20155, North Sumatera. Email: happypolma@yahoo.com. Mobile: 08137­0801033.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 516-521https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.12 
Multilevel Analysis on Factors Associated with Occurrence Chronic Energy Deficiency among Pregnant Women Rachmawati, Nur Cahya; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol 4, No 6 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: One of the nutritional problems experienced by pregnant women is chronic energy deficiency (CED). Chronic energy deficiency is a condition in which women of childbearing age  experience a lack of energy and protein intake and take place continuously resulting in health problems. This study aims to analyze chronic energy deficiency factors in pregnant women in Gunungkidul Regency.Subjects and Method: This study implemented a case control design. It was conducted in 25 community health centers, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, from April to May 2019. A sample of 200 pregnant women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women. The independent variables included food intake, education level, occupation, knowledge, family income, age, parity, utilization of antenatal care services (ANC), and food availability. The data were collected using the MUAC tape and questionnaire. The data were analyzed by a multilevel multiple logistic regression.Results: The risk of protein energy deficiency decreased with high energy and protein intake (b = -2.74; 95% CI = -7.74 to -1.28; p = 0.006), more education level than high school (b = -2.16; 95% CI = -4.54 up to -0.22; p = 0.030), working mothers (b = -2.75; CI 95% = -9.48 to -1.59; p = 0.006), sufficient knowledge (b = -2.32; CI 95% = -6.27 to -0.52; p = 0.020), high family income (b = -2.38; CI 95% = -6.27 to -0.60; p = 0.017), age ?20 years to 35 years (b = -2.17; 95% CI = -5.16 to - 0.26; p = 0.030), parity> 2 (b = -2.57; CI 95% = -8.42 to -1.13; p = 0.010), using high ANC services (b = -2.72; 95% CI = -9.20 to -1.49 ; p = 0.007), and food availability is fulfilled (b = -2.54; CI 95% = -7.63 to -0.98; p = 0.011). Public health centers had a large contextual influence on chronic energy shortages with an ICC of 51.25%.Conclusion: There is a significant influence between food intake, education level, occupation, knowledge, family income, age, parity, utilization of ANC services, and food availability for chronic energy shortages in pregnant women. The variations at the public health centers level show that there is a contextual influence on chronic energy shortages in pregnant women.Keywords: chronic energy deficiency (CED), multilevel analysis, pregnant womenCorrespondence: Nur Cahya Rachmawati. Master?s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: nurcahyarachmawatii@gmail.com. Mobile: +6287838992205.Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(6): 474-485https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019.04.06.08

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