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Gema Agro
Published by Universitas Warmadewa
ISSN : 14100843     EISSN : 26146045     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22225/
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Gema Agro is a Journal of development of science and technology in environment usage and management on an ongoing basis for agricultural development, provides a forum for publishing research articles or review articles. This journal encompasses original research articles, review articles and short communications basis for agricultural development including; Agronomy Horticulture Soil Sciences Plant Protection Environmental Food Technology Food Chemistry Biosciences and Biotechnology Aquatic Resource Management Animal Husbandry Animal Feed Nutrition
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 159 Documents
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Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Ikan Tongkol Dalam Ransum Terhadap Recahan Karkas Ayam Kampung Super Umur 10 Minggu I Kadek Wira Parwata; I Gusti Agus Putra Sanjaya; Luh Suariani
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.30.2.12002.62-66

Abstract

Livestock in Indonesia is currently experiencing very rapid development. One source of protein, especially native chicken. Super native chicken requires quality feed to fulfill its nutrition in order to obtain optimal results. Feed ingredients that need to be utilized as alternative feed ingredients include those from fishery slaughterhouse waste, such as skipjack tuna waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of providing skipjack tuna waste flour on carcass fractures of 10-week-old super native chicken. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in chest and back weight, Therefore, further research is needed to evaluate the utilization of tuna fish waste flour at a level higher than 12%, in order to determine the optimal limit of its use in supporting chicken growth efficiently and economically.
Effect of Kersen Leaf Flour (Muntingia Calabura L.) Fermented in the ration against the growth of super free-range chickens aged 3-10 weeks Agustinus Budigo; I Nyoman Kaca; Ni Made Yudiastari
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.30.2.12092.73-80

Abstract

Indonesia's livestock sector is currently developing very quickly due to public awareness of the nutritional value of animals, one of which is from super free-range chickens. Super free-range chickens or superior broiler chickens are the result of a cross between free-range chickens and egg-laying breed chickens. The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of giving fermented Japanese papaya leaf flour on the growth of super free-range chickens aged 3 - 10 weeks. Super free-range chickens in their maintenance need quality feed to fulfill their nutrition. However, rations are the largest cost component, which is 60-80% of the total production cost of poultry, so there needs to be an effort to reduce the conversion value by using other feed alternatives, but without reducing the productivity of the livestock. Kersen leaves contain nutrients that also have anti-bacterial properties and contain phytochemicals including flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, and saponins that show antioxidant activity The nutritional content of kersen leaf flour is 5.02% water, 6.39% ash, 11.31% crude protein, 14.85% crude fiber, 7.53% fat, 69.75% carbohydrates and 3988 kcal/kg of metabolic energy. Kersen leaves can be used as feed ingredients in rations by fermenting to reduce the crude fiber (14.85%) it contains. The design used in this study is a Complete Random Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. P0 = A ration without containing fermented kersen leaf flour. P1 = The ration contains 3% fermented kersen leaf flour. P2= The ration contains 6% fermented kersen leaf flour. P3 = The ration contains 9% fermented Japanese kersen leaf flour. P4 = The ration contains 12% fermented kersen leaf flour. The indicators observed were initial body weight, weight gain, final body weight, ration consumption and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR). The results of the study showed that the growth of super free-range chickens fed a ration of fermented kersen leaf flour showed different results (P>0.05) on initial body weight, weight gain, final body weight and FCR, while in ration consumption there was a real effect (P<0.05). Based on the results of this study, in the P1 treatment, the administration of fermented cool leaf flour gave the best results by giving 3%.
Kualitas Fisik Dan Kandungan TDN Dari Rumput BD (Brachiaria decumbens) Yang Diberi Pupuk Kotoran Kelinci Dengan Dosis Berbeda Putu Aditya Febryandika Permana; Ni Ketut Etty Suwitari; I Gusti Ayu Dewi Seri Rejeki
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Brachiaria decumbens grass is a high-quality forage that can grow well in tropical regions and has great potential in improving the efficiency of ruminant livestock production. This research aims to determine the effect of rabbit manure fertilizer on the physical quality and Total Digestible Nutrients (TDN) content of Brachiaria decumbens grass, as well as to determine the best dosage for its application. The research was conducted using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments: P0 (without fertilizer), P1 (10 tons/ha), P2 (20 tons/ha), P3 (30 tons/ha), and P4 (40 tons/ha), each with three replications. The observed variables included bulk density, water solubility, water absorption, TDN, and gross energy. The analysis results showed that the application of rabbit manure fertilizer had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on water solubility and water absorption, and a significant effect (P<0.05) on bulk density. Treatment P4 produced the best values with the lowest bulk density (231.28 g/cm³), highest water absorption (10.47%), and lowest water solubility (25.51%). Although the TDN and gross energy values were not significantly different (P>0.05), both showed an increasing trend, reaching 24.34% and 3.61 kcal/g respectively in treatment P4. These results indicate that the application of rabbit manure fertilizer can improve the physical quality and tends to increase the nutritional value of the grass. A dosage of 40 tons/ha is recommended as the optimal treatment for sustainable cultivation of Brachiaria decumbens grass
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Daun Kersen Terfermentasi Dalam Ransum Terhadap Persentase Karkas Dan Persentase Non Karkas Ayam Kampung Super Umur 10 Minggu Katrin Xandria Oy Sai; Ni Ketut Etty Suwitari; I Gusti Agus Putra Sanjaya
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.30.2.12619.110-118

Abstract

Super free-range chiken is a cross between native chicken and laying hen that grows faster than ordinary native chicken. Native chicken is very good for farmers to cultivate because of its many advantages. Feed is one of the factors that can affect livestock productivity and to reduce this cost is by utilizing leaves, one of which is kersen leaves. The purpose of this study was to influence the provision of fermented cherry leaf flour in rations on the percentage of carcass and non-carcass percentage of 10-week-old super free range chiken. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Each replication consisted of 5 chickens so that the number of chickens used was 75. The treatments given were P0 control rations without fermented cherry leaf flour, P1 rations containing 3% fermented cherry leaf flour, P2 rations containing 6% fermented cherry leaf flour, P3 rations containing 9% fermented cherry leaf flour, P4 rations containing 12% fermented cherry leaf flour. The results showed that fermented cherry leaf flour in the ration had no significant effect (P>0.05) on slaughter weight, carcass weight, non-carcass weight, carcass percentage and non-carcass percentage. The best level of fermented cherry leaf flour in the ration was at the 12% level treatment.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Padat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Rumput Bede (Brachiaria decumbens) Emanuel; Ni Ketut Etty Suwitari; I Gusti Ayu Dewi Seri Rejeki
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.30.2.12666.81-93

Abstract

Bede grass (Brachiaria decumbens) is a plant that has good quality for green fodder. This can be seen from the growth rate, production and nutritional content contained therein. This study aims to determine the effect of providing solid organic fertilizer on the growth of Bede grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and to determine the effect of providing solid organic fertilizer with different doses on the growth of Bede grass (Brachiaria decumbens). The design used in this study was a randomized block design (RAK) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used were P0 = Grass without providing solid organic fertilizer, P1 = Grass with providing 10 tons/ha of solid organic fertilizer, P2 = Grass with providing 20 tons/ha of solid organic fertilizer, P3 = Grass with providing 30 tons/ha of solid organic fertilizer, P4 = Grass with providing 40 tons/ha of solid organic fertilizer. From the results of the study, the provision of solid organic fertilizer had no significant effect (P>0.05) on all growth and production parameters of Bede grass (Brachiaria decum bens), except for the production of fresh leaf weight, which showed a significantly different effect (P<0.05). This shows that the application of solid organic fertilizer with various doses has not provided a significant effect on the vegetative growth of plants. The provision of solid organic fertilizer with different doses did not have a significant effect (P>0.05) on the growth of Brachiaria decumbens. However, the provision of solid organic fertilizer with a dose of 30 tons/ha has the potential to provide the best growth and production results compared to other doses. The researcher suggests that further research is needed to take into account environmental factors such as light intensity and soil conditions to better understand the effect of solid organic fertilizer on Bede grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and the use of a dose of solid organic fertilizer of 30 tons/ha can be considered because it shows a tendency for the best results even though it has no significant effect.
Kajian Waktu dan Suhu Pengasapan terhadap Karakteristik Mikrobiologi dan Organoleptik “Urutan” Ayam Asap: : mikrobiologi, suhu pengasapan, urutan ayam asap, uji organoleptik, waktu pengasapan Agata Viani; A.A. Made Semariyani; I Wayan Sudiarta
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.30.2.13230.94-103

Abstract

Urutan ayam asap adalah produk olahan daging tradisional Bali yang terbuat dari campuran daging ayam, lemak, dan bumbu Basa genep, dibungkus dalam selongsong sintetis dari kolagen rumput laut. Pada suhu kamar, daya tahan produk ini hanya 12 hari, sehingga diperlukan metode pengawetan seperti pengasapan untuk memperpanjang masa simpan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh suhu dan waktu pengasapan terhadap karakteristik mikrobiologi dan organoleptik urutan ayam asap. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan tiga level suhu pengasapan (80oC, 90oC, dan 100oC) dan empat lama pengasapan (0,5; 1; 1,5; dan 2 jam), menghasilkan 12 kombinasi perlakuan, masing-masing diulang dua kali. Uji mikrobiologi meliputi Total Plate Count (TPC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., dan Staphylococcus aureus, sedangkan uji organoleptik mencakup warna, aroma, rasa, tekstur, dan penerimaan keseluruhan oleh 20 panelis. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis of Variance (ANOVA), diikuti uji Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT) untuk perbedaan nyata. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengasapan pada suhu 90°C selama 1 jam merupakan perlakuan terbaik, menghasilkan TPC sebesar 3,7 x 105 CFU/g, E. coli <10 CFU/g, Salmonella negatif, dan S. aureus <10 CFU/g. Secara organoleptik, skor warna 5,20 (agak suka hingga suka), aroma 6,53 (suka hingga sangat suka), rasa 6,40 (suka hingga sangat suka), tekstur 6,47 (suka hingga sangat suka), dan penerimaan keseluruhan 6,40 (suka hingga sangat suka), memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) untuk sosis daging (01-3820-2015). Suhu dan waktu pengasapan yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan mengurangi TPC dan E. coli, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap Salmonella dan S. aureus. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan penting untuk mengoptimalkan proses pengasapan guna meningkatkan keamanan dan kualitas sensorik urutan ayam asap.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Kotoran Sapi dan Dosis Pupuk Urea terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Husnul Khotimah; Usmadi
GEMA AGRO Vol 30 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.30.2.13569.67-72

Abstract

Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) is one of the horticultural commodities that belongs to the leafy vegetable category and is relatively easy to cultivate. This plant has a high economic value, diverse nutritional content, and a relatively short harvest time, making it an opportunity for farmers to meet market demand. However, pakcoy productivity is caused by suboptimal soil fertility due to nutrient deficiencies. One way to address this problem is to apply a combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers at the appropriate dosage. The aim of this research is to understand the interaction between the application of cow manure fertilizer and urea on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants. The experiment was conducted factorially using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. Factor I is the dose of cow manure fertilizer and factor II is the dose of urea fertilizer. The research results are: (1) The interaction of the treatment of cow manure fertilizer and doses of urea fertilizer showed a significant difference in the variable of plant height, but no significant difference in other variables. (2) The effect of cow manure fertilizer has a significant impact on the number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight, and productivity. (3) The effect of urea fertilizer doses has a significant impact on fresh weight, dry weight, and productivity.
Tingkat Keamanan Nasi Campur Yang Dijual Di Lingkungan Pasar Badung Ditinjau Dari Aspek Mikrobiologi Yulianus Jordi Ziku; Ni Made Ayu Suardani Singapurwa; I Wayan Sudiarta
GEMA AGRO Vol 23 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.23.1.652.1-10

Abstract

Food is one of the main elements of man. Quality of food should always be guaranteed to the public avoid the disease or health problems caused by bacterial contamination. One indicator of food contamination is the bacteria Escherichia coli. This study aims to analyze the contaminants of Escherichia coli bacteria and the total amount of microbes found in mixed rice foods sold in the Badung Market Traditional. This research uses descriptive analysis method. Samples tested were mixed rice taken from six mixed rice vendors in Badung Market environment, and testing of bacterial contaminants was tested at Veterinary Balai Besar Laboratory in Denpasar. The study was conducted on April 7, 2016, until May 4, 2016. The study included E.coli MPN testing, prediction test, confirmatory test, biochemical test using IMViC, and total microbial analysis using Total Plate Count (TPC) testing. The results of this study showed that all samples of mixed rice food (100%) were not contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. The total microbial yields showed 91.7% of mixed rice samples did not meet the standards and only 8.3% of the samples met the standards determined by Dirjen POM Number: 03726 B/ SK /VII /89.
Peningkatan Hasil Tanaman Okra Dengan Pemberian Pupuk Kompos dan NPK Made Sri Yuliartini; Ketut Agung Sudewa; Luh Kartini; Ersa Remi Praing
GEMA AGRO Vol 23 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.23.1.653.11-17

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of compost and NPK Phonska fertilizer application to the growth and yield of okra plants, and to get optimum dose. This research was conducted in experimental garden of Agricultural Faculty of Warmadewa University. The design used in this research is factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of two treatments: compost fertilizer and NPK Phonska fertilizer. The interaction treatment between doses of compost fertilizer with NPK Phosnka and single treatment of NPK Phonska have no significant effect on all observed variables. The treatment of compost fertilizer dosage have no significant to effect foe leaf number and dry weight of oven fruit, but it had significant effect to the weight of fresh and dried weight of oven stover and very significant effect on the variables of plant height, the number of fruit and the weight of fresh fruit. The dosage of compost fertilizer 8 ton ha-1 to got the highest fresh weight of fruit per plant which is 380,42 g, an increase of 44,05% if compared with the lowest fresh fruit weight per plant obtained in the treatment without compost 0 tons ha- Ë¡ of 264.08 g. The results of the distribution of NPK Phonska at different doses have no significant effect on one another . However, , the highest fresh fruit weight was obtained at NPK treatment at 400 kg ha-1 treatment ie 351,75g. This increased by 7.02% when compared with the freshest weight of lowest fruit obtained at 200 kg ha-1 treatment ie 328,67 g.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Tanah Pada Aplikasi Biochar Bambu Kadek Suparta; Luh Kartini; Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang
GEMA AGRO Vol 23 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/ga.23.1.654.18-23

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of bamboo biochar dose on the growth and yield of peanut crops. This study used a randomized block design with one factor. The tested treatments were dosage of biochar fertilizer with 4 dosage levels and one treatment without biochar dose (control), with the treatment arrangement as follows: without biochar, 4 ton ha-1, 8 ton ha-1, 12 ton ha-1, 16 ton ha-1. This treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 15 plot experiments. The results showed that the biochar dose treatment had significant effect on all observed variables, except the variable of plant height and maximum number of leaves per plant had no significant effect. The highest yield of dry seed oven of seeds per plant was obtained in the dosage of 4 ton ha-1 biochar dose of 21.83 g, an increase of 111.81% compared with no biochar 10.33 g. Based on regression analysis, the optimum dosage of biochar is 7.50 ton ha-1, with dry weight of oven seed per plant maximum 19.03 g.

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