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Nation State : Journal of International Studies
Published by Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta
ISSN : 2620391X     EISSN : 2621735X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.v4i1
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Nation State: Journal of International Studies (NSJIS) is a scientific publication under management of International Relations Department, Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Universitas AMIKOM Yogyakarta in collaboration with Asosiasi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Indonesia (AIHII). The journal aims to facilitate the exchange and dissemination of ideas and research in the field of International Relations. The scope of this journal consist of Global Political Economy; Diplomacy and Foreign Policy; Globalization and Global Civil Society; Global Governance; Regional and International Security; or The other topic related to international studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 109 Documents
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Between Ambition and Reality: Indonesia's One Channel System as an Instrument of National Interest in Malaysia RIfky, Muhammad Alif; Dewi, Anggia Utami; Darmawan, Wawan Budi
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2145

Abstract

This article examines Indonesia's One Channel System (OCS) as a strategic labor migration policy. Grounded in a qualitative content analysis of policy documents and bilateral agreements, the study moves beyond a descriptive account to offer a critical evaluation of the OCS. It utilizes Michael G. Roskin’s theory of National Interest as a foundational framework for understanding the state’s motivations. Still, it enriches this with complementary lenses from the International Relations literature, including migration governance, labor diplomacy, and human security. The findings affirm that the OCS serves as a key instrument of Indonesian statecraft, advancing national security, securing economic interests through remittance formalization, and enhancing international prestige. However, the analysis reveals that significant challenges severelly constrain the policy’s effectiveness. These include a persistent lack of bilateral cooperation from Malaysia, critical on-the-ground implementation gaps, and the unintended risk of state overreach. A fundamental disconnect between the policy’s top-down objectives and the lived realities and agency of migrant workers. The study concludes that while the OCS is a vital assertion of regulatory sovereignty, its success is contingent on bridging the gap between state-centric interests and worker-centric protection. It suggests that future policy must prioritize legally binding bilateral enforcement and address deep-rooted implementation failures.
New Development Bank and IMF: Bangladesh's Strategic Choices in Facing Economic Crisis Ravalino, Destha; Kuswardini, Seftina
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2188

Abstract

This study explores the underlying reasons behind Bangladesh’s preference for cooperating with the New Development Bank (NDB) over the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in addressing its national economic crisis. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach and the theoretical framework of the Global South and minilateralism, the research examines Bangladesh’s development policy dynamics and its response to economic and political pressures, particularly following the military coup in August 2024. The findings indicate that while IMF provides financial support, its conditionalities such as exchange rate liberalization, subsidy removal, and fiscal reforms have adverse effects on public welfare. In contrast, cooperation with NDB offers policy flexibility, equality among member states, and financing support for sustainable projects without structural intervention. This study highlights that NDB serves as a geopolitical tool that enables developing countries to assert economic sovereignty and advance South–South solidarity in the context of an emerging multipolar global economic order. The study suggests that Bangladesh’s engagement with NDB reflects strategic hedging, diversifying external partnerships to reduce dependency on Western-dominated institutions. This choice strengthens domestic policy autonomy, mitigates social backlash, and enhances bargaining power, while signaling alignment with alternative development financing models increasingly favored by Global South.
The Relevance of Indonesia's Ratification of the International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages Veda, Malinda Benita; Surwandono, Surwandono
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2226

Abstract

Hostage-taking cases involving Indonesian citizens, both domestically and abroad, remain a persistent challenge for the Indonesian government in ensuring citizen protection and safeguarding national sovereignty. Although previous studies have examined diplomatic approaches such as total diplomacy and the duty of care principle, limited research has examined how media discourse shapes public perception of policy urgency regarding the ratification of the International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages (ICATH). This study aims to explore dominant media narratives, frames, and thematic patterns that shape public discourse on ICATH ratification. A qualitative research design was employed using thematic coding within an inductive–deductive framework. Data were collected from 100 national online news articles published between 2011–2025. The analysis followed three coding stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Findings show contrasting media tendencies. Independent media emphasise regulatory weaknesses, legal gaps, and the urgency of strengthening international legal commitments, while state-affiliated media highlight diplomatic engagement, crisis management, and government responsiveness. The study argues that Indonesian media play an active role in shaping policy legitimacy by reinforcing issue framings rather than merely reporting events. Ratification is a strategic imperative to align public expectations, strengthen protection, and reinforce Indonesia’s global role in cooperation.
Challenging Universalism: Contesting Global Gender Equality through Uang Japuik Ningsih, Sherly Tricia
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2303

Abstract

This article investigates the Minangkabau matrilineal practice of uang japuik as a site of contestation against universalist international gender norms. Through a qualitative approach combining a literature review with discourse analysis of legal and cultural texts, this study employs norm contestation theory and postcolonial feminism to unpack the tensions between global values and local meanings. Findings show that uang japuik, a payment from the bride's family to the groom's, defies reduction to female commodification. Locally, it functions as a symbol of respect, reciprocity, and kinship, representing a distinct matrilineal logic of gender equality. The practice constitutes an epistemic resistance against global narratives that monolithically condemn marriage payments without cultural context. Ultimately, this research argues that the diffusion of international norms is a complex arena of negotiation, demanding a more pluralistic and culturally sensitive approach to the diverse pathways of women's emancipation in the Global South.
Beyond Wavering: Post-Colonial Resistance and Norm Contestation in ASEAN’s Response to Myanmar’s Coup Muhammad, Andra Khagum; Oktaviani, Jusmalia; Panorama , Anggun Dwi
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2304

Abstract

This study aims to analyze ASEAN's response to the military coup in Myanmar as a form of post-colonial resistance that affects regional norm formation. This study is important because it reveals how collective memories of colonialism shape ASEAN's attitudes towards the concepts of democracy, sovereignty, and intervention, giving rise to the dynamics of norm contestation between the principle of non-intervention and the pressure to protect human rights. The method employed is Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), which is used to explore the discourse construction and ideology underlying ASEAN policies. The theoretical framework adopted includes norm contestation theory which emphasizes that international norms are dynamic and contested, as well as Dipesh Chakrabarty's post-colonial approach, which highlights historical trauma as the foundation of institutional resistance. The results show that ASEAN's cautious stance is not a weakness, but a form of protection of sovereignty and political identity shaped by colonial experiences. This study contributes to the understanding of the interaction between global and local norms in the post-colonial world, enriching the discourse of international relations from the perspective of the Global South.
Indonesia's Contested Norms, Selective Humanitarianism and ASEAN Refugee Governance Prabandari, Atin; Segara, Balya A.; Ketaren, Emma Seruni
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2307

Abstract

This article reinterprets Indonesia’s refugee governance and ASEAN’s regional approach as sites of norm contestation rather than mere institutional or capacity gaps. While the 1951 Refugee Convention promotes universal protection, Southeast Asia largely avoids fully integrating these norms. Indonesia exemplifies this paradox: it champions humanitarian diplomacy in forums like the Bali Process. It offers ad-hoc aid during crises, such as the 2015 Rohingya influx, yet it simultaneously upholds a restrictive asylum policy and remains outside key international refugee agreements. ASEAN, similarly, resists formalizing refugee protection, adhering to its core tenets of non-interference, informal regionalism, and consensus. Drawing on regionalism, securitization, and postcolonial theories, the article argues these are not failures, but deliberate political choices driven by concerns of sovereignty, security, and normative pluralism. It reveals how Southeast Asian refugee governance stems from conflicting regional identities and historical legacies, fostering a fragmented landscape where humanitarianism becomes a selective political tool. This analysis enriches critical discussions on refugee protection in the Global South and highlights the limitations of liberal humanitarian norms in diverse postcolonial contexts.
The Norm Cycle of the Global Economic Order with the Emergence of BRICS Rahayu, Dini Septyana
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2310

Abstract

This study aims to describe the shift in the global political economy with the emergence of BRICS as part of the life cycle of international norms. As a global economic cooperation formed in June 2009, BRICS demonstrates its existence regardless of the different ideologies, identities, and interests of its member states. Although BRICS sparked discourse regarding its existence as an emerging power in the global political economy constellation, the participation of countries shows a positive trend. This study assumes that the inclusiveness, egalitarianism, democracy, and multipolarity plays as new norms. To analyze the shift in the global economic order with the emergence of BRICS, this study applies a qualitative research method with an interpretive approach. The Constructivist approach, norm life cycle by Martha Finnemore and Kathryn Sikkink, is used to describe the phenomenon. The results show that the shift in norms in the global economic order indicates the degree of norm promotion in the contestation of new global political economy norms which occurred due to the existence of BRICS. As norm entrepreneurs, BRICS promotes new norms through active socialization. However, BRICS institutionalization in NDB, CRA, and de-dollarization still require more substantial internalization to achieve the consolidation of the economic order.
Dragon Tames the Mekong: China’s Normative Power in Transboundary Water Management Naqsabandiyah, Ayu Heryati
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2377

Abstract

This study investigates China’s motivations for establishing the Lancang–Mekong Cooperation (LMC) through a normative lens, applying Amitav Acharya’s framework of norm subsidiarity. The research employs qualitative and desk review methods to examine China’s efforts to reshape transboundary river governance in the Mekong Region. Findings reveal that China’s refusal to join the Mekong River Commission (MRC) and its rejection of the UN Watercourses Convention (UNWC) are closely tied to its anti-Western sentiment and historical memory of the “Century of Humiliation.” By positioning the LMC as an alternative cooperative framework, China advances new norms that diverge from established international standards. These include asserting its role as the upstream and leading state, maintaining sustainability without hindering economic development, and emphasizing the principle of state sovereignty. Such norms stand in contrast to the obligations outlined in the UNWC and Mekong Agreement, which stress prior consultation, equitable use, and minimizing harm among riparian states. This study contributes to understanding China’s normative strategies in regional governance and offers insights into how emerging powers employ norm subsidiarity to influence international rules.
Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International Order Suharman, Yoga
Nation State: Journal of International Studies Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Norm Contestation, Identity and Cultural Dynamics in Contemporary International
Publisher : Faculty of Economics and Social Science, Department of International Relations, Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24076/nsjis.v8i2.2519

Abstract

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