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Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia

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Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

ISSN : 19079761 EISSN : 25030310 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Engineering,

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry

MOLEKUL is a peer-reviewed journal of chemistry published by the Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia. Publishing frequency 2 issues per year, on May and November. This Journal encompasses all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines including Pharmaceutical, Biological activities of Synthetic Drugs, Environmental Chemistry, Biochemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Petroleum Chemistry, and Agricultural Chemistry.

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Articles 331 Documents

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Electro-Synthetic Optimization of Host Material Based on MIL-100(Fe) Witri Wahyu Lestari; Joni Hartono; Marisa Adreane; Khoirina Dwi Nugrahaningtyas; Candra Purnawan; Sentot Budi Rahardjo
Molekul Vol 11, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Electro-synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks types of MIL-100(Fe) (MIL = Material Institute of Lavoisier) in ethanol: water (1: 1) with electrolyte TBATFB 0.1 M has been optimized by varying voltage (12, 13, 14 and 15 Volt) and temperature (room temperature, 40, 60 and 80 °C). The product showed light brown powder which upon activation becomes dark brown. Optimum condition achieved during use voltage of 15 Volts and at a temperature of 40 °C with 33% yield. The obtained material was characterized by XRD and compared to CCDC 640536 simulated patterns to confirm the phase purity of the product. As comparison hydrothermal and reflux method have been carried out. Characterization by FTIR has also undertaken to ensure the coordination between the metal cation (Fe3+) and the BTC ligand (BTC = 1,3,5-Benzene Tri Carboxylate). Meanwhile pore analysis using SAA confirmed that MIL-100(Fe) obtained by electrolysis method has a BET surface area reached till 569.191 m²/g with a total pore volume of 0.4540 cc/g and an average pore diameter reached 16 Å. Based on SEM analysis, morphology material show particle size between 0.4-8.6 μm and has a thermal stability up to 350 °C according thermo-gravimetric analysis. Due to the presence of Lewis acid sites on Fe-trimeric unit, porosity features on MIL-100(Fe) and a fairly high thermal stability, this material is potentially used as the host material for the catalyst in the conversion reactions model for green diesel production.

SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI MEMBRAN KITOSAN UNTUK APLIKASI SENSOR DETEKSI LOGAM BERAT Agung Nugroho CS; Nanik Dwi Nurhayati; Budi Utami
Molekul Vol 6, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Penelitian tentang pemanfaatan membran kitosan sebagai sensor deteksi logam berat berdasarkan sifat optic belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian ini melaporkan kajian tentang sintesis membrane kitosan untuk diaplikasikan sebagai sensor deteksi logam berat berdasarkan sifat optic. Sebagai laporan awal, pada artikel ini baru akan dilaporkan kajian sintesis membrane kitosan dari serbuk kitosan hasil preparasi dari cangkang kepiting dan karakterisasinya. Penelitian awal ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis membrane kitosan dari serbuk kitosan dan karakterisasinya. Serbuk kitosan dipreparasi dari cangkang kepiting melalui proses deproteinasi, demineralisasi dan deasetilasi. Membran kitosan dibuat dari kitosan dengan penambahan agen crosslingking berupa glutaraldehida. Kitosan dikarakterisasi meliputi uji kadar air, kadar abu, kadar nitrogen, viskositas, derajat deasetilasi, analisis gugus fungsi dengan spektroskopi IR dan kristalinitas dengan difraksi sinar X. Membran kitosan dilakukan karakterisasi penampilan fisik, analisis gugus fungsi dan kristalinitas. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah 1) kitosan dapat dipreparasi dari limbah cangkang kepiting melalui proses deproteinasi, demineralisasi, dan deasetilasi, 2) membran kitosan dapat disintesis dari serbuk kitosan dengan menggunakan agen crosslinking glurataldehida, 3) semakin tinggi konsentrasi kitosan yang digunakan untuk membuat membran, maka membran yang dihasilkan akan menunjukkan warna yang pekat dan kurang transparan, 4) struktur kimia kitosan dalam bentuk membran kitosan tidak mengalami perubahan tetapi kristalinitasnya berubah.

Silica Content and Structure from Corncob Ash with Various Acid Treatment (HCl, HBr, and Citric Acid) Gladys Ayu Paramita Kusumah Wardhani; Nurlela Nurlela; Mia Azizah
Molekul Vol 12, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

In this study, a simple method to obtain silica from corncob ash has been investigated using a nonthermal and thermal method. The Nonthermal method was done by various acid treatment with HCl, HBr and citric acid at room temperature. Thermal method was performed for HCl-leached, HBr-leached, and citric acid-leached corncob in the furnace at 750 ºC for 5 hours. Corncob ash was characterized by Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscope-electron dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). In this study silica content increase after acid treatment (leaching) and combustion at high temperatures. The result established that silica is most obtained with HCl treatment that is equal to 79,95% with lower metallic oxide impurity content. The FTIR spectra with different intensity shows silanol group at 1636 – 1641 cm-1, whereas siloxane group at 1037 – 1106 cm-1, 616–797 cm-1, and 459–469 cm-1. X-Ray diffractogram shows silica transition pf amorphous (2θ = 21 - 25º) to quartz crystalline (2θ = 26.66º) phase. The surface morphology of silica that characterized with SEM-EDX shows amorphous and crystalline silica corresponds to XRD result. The high intensity spectra of Si and O in EDX shows the presence of silica in corncob ash.

PENENTUAN UREA DALAM SERUM DARAH DENGAN BIOSENSOR KONDUKTOMETRI Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE) – NATA DE COCO Sendy Kurniawan; Dian Nur Fajariati; Helmi Auliyah Istiqomah; Oki Mandalia Antasari; Ani Mulyasuryani
Molekul Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Urea merupakan hasil samping degradasi protein pada serum normal berkisar 10,7 sampai 42,8 mg/dL. Biosensor konduktometri untuk penentuan urea dalam serum darah didasarkan pada reaksi hidrolisis urea oleh urease menghasilkan amonia (NH3) dan karbon dioksida (CO2) yang terionisasi dalam air. Pada penelitian ini, kondisi optimum dari massa urease, ketebalan membran nata de coco, dan pH larutan urea dipelajari untuk menentukan kinerja biosensor ketika biosensor diaplikasikan untuk sampel serum darah. Biosensor ini dibuat dari SPCE (Screen Printed Carbon Electrode) yang dilapisi nata de coco teramobil urease. Pengamatan kinerja biosensor dilakukan pada pH (6; 7; 8; 9), massa urease (0,1; 0,5 ; 1,0; dan 1,5 µg), dan ketebalan membran (5; 10; 15 µm) pada kisaran konsentrasi urea yang 0 hingga 5 ppm dalam buffer fosfat 0,01 M pH 8 dan luas SPCE 5 mm2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja optimum dihasilkan pada massa enzim 1 µg; ketebalan membran 5 µm; dan pH larutan 8, dengan kepekaan 14,8 µS/ppm, batas deteksi 0,035 ppm, dan kisaran konsentrasi urea 0,035 ppm hingga 0,4 ppm. Biosensor ini memiliki akurasi 73 – 87% saat diaplikasikan dalam sampel serum darah.

SINTESIS SENYAWA ANTIMALARIA BARU TURUNAN FENANTROLIN N-(2-NITROBENZIL)-1,10-FENANTROLINIUM IODIDA DAN (1) N-(4-NITROBENZIL)-1,10-FENANTROLINIUM IODIDA Dwi Utami; Iin Narwanti; Jumina Jumina
Molekul Vol 9, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Malaria is a global health problem, especially in the tropics. Efforts to decrease the incidence of malaria plagued the plasmodium resistance to existing antimalarial drugs. Benzyl Phenanthrolium Iodide derivates have been proved has antimalarial activity. The aim of this study is synthesis the nitro benzyl phenanthrolium.The research that has been done was the synthesis of (1)-N-(2-nitrobenzyl) phenantrolium iodide and(1)-N-(4-nitrobenzyl)-1,10-phenantrolium iodide. Synthesis of (1)-N-(2-nitrobenzyl)-1,10-phenantrolium iodide through a two-steps reaction SN-2 is the reaction of (1)N-(2- nitrobenzyl) chloride and potassium iodide followed by reaction phenantroline 1:10 monohydrate, whether the second product was 4-nitrobenzil bromida as starting material. The reaction were started by reflucting the nitro subtituted benzil halida with potassium iodide for 1 hour, yielded nitro subtituted benzyl iodide. Then followed by reflucting nitro substituted benzyl iodide with 1,10-phenanthroline for 11 hours. The final product isolated and purificated by suitable solvent. The melting point was conducted by melting poin apparatus. The structures of product was characterized by IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy.Results obtained in the form of thick liquid light yellow with a melting point of 54.2-63.5oC. While the compound (1)-N-(4-nitrobenzyl)-1,10-phenantrolium iodide is synthesized from 4-nitrobenzylbromide and potassium iodide followed by reaction phenantroline 1:10 monohydrate. Synthesis results in the form of pale yellow crystals with a melting point of 221–225oC . The resulting yield of 32.87%. The interpretation of UV-Vis and Infra red spectras indicated that nitro benzyl iodide have been condensed with 1,10 phenantroline as the end of the product.

Frontmatter (Front Cover, Editorial Team, Preface and Table of Contents) Amin Fatoni
Molekul Vol 14, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

No Abstract

SKRINING SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETILASETAT DAUN WEDUSAN (Eupatorium odoratum) Purwati Purwati; Undri Rastuti
Molekul Vol 4, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Oxidation process is a natural process which always occurs in fat. The process affects and decreases the fat quality. Oxidation in fat can be hampered by the addition of antioxidant. Antioxidant activity of wedusan leaf has to be studied to know the possibility of wedusan leaf as an antioxidant. Hence, the aims of the research were to determine the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract of wedusan leaf using TBA method, and to compare the antioxidant activity of wedusan leaf and that of BHT. The research method consisted of sample preparation, extraction, and determination of antioxidant activity using TBA method. Wedusan leaf was extracted by maceration using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. The n-hexane extract was 2.90 gram, whereas ethyl acetate extract was 13.12 gram. Based on qualitative screening on secondary metabolites, ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoid. The results from GC-MS indicated that ethyl acetate extract contained methyl heptadecanoic, methyl-13-octadecenoic, 14,16-octadecadienal, and octadecanoic acid. The order of inhibition activity of antioxidant were 0.05% (w/v) of BHT > 0.15% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract > 0.10% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract > 0.05% (w/v) of ethyl acetate extract.

THE INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE DOSAGE ADJUSTMENT ON TAPIOCA WASTEWATER PRE-CHLORINATION TOWARD EFFICIENCY OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT Happy Mulyani; Guruh Sri Pamungkas
Molekul Vol 11, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The objectives of this research are to study about influence of calcium hypochlorite dosage adjustment on tapioca wastewater chlorination toward efficiency of activated sludge treatment especially at MLVSS profile and percentage of COD removal. This research mainly divided into pre-chlorination and activated sludge treatment. Pre-chlorination taken place for 60 minutes at pH 8. The variation of calcium hypochlorite dosages which used are 58, 59, and 60 mg/L. Pre-chlorination effluent with no free chlorine residual then becomes activated sludge treatment influent. Sampling has done each aeration time interval 0, 2, 4, and 6 hour for analysis of COD and MLVSS content. Research result generally shows that addition of aeration time for each variation of calcium hypochlorite dosage will increase MLVSS and decrease COD content. Smallest value of COD effluent could achieved in the activated sludge treatment with calcium hipochlorite dosage 60 mg/L addition at influent during 4 hours aeration time. Addition of 58 mg/l calcium hypochlorite results highest MLVSS and percentage of COD removal.

PENGARUH ION LOGAM Cd(II) DAN pH LARUTAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS FOTODEGRADASI ZAT WARNA REMAZOL BLACK B MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS TiO2 Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya; Abdul Haris; Gunawan Gunawan
Molekul Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh ion logam Cd(II) dan pH larutan terhadap efektivitas fotodegradasi zat warnaRemazol Black B menggunakan katalis TiO2. Serbuk TiO2 yang digunakan dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan XRD. Proses fotokatalisis dilakukan secara simultan menggunakan katalis TiO2 dalam suatu reaktor tertutup yang dilengkapi dengan lampu UV-C. Kosentrasi Remazol Black B dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan AAS. Hasil karakterisasi serbuk TiO2 menunjukkan bahwa TiO2 yang digunakan mempunyai struktur kristal anatase dengan harga d yaitu 3,5; 2,42; 2,37; 2,32; 1,9; 1,7 dan mempunyai ukuran kristal 46,696 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ion logam Cd(II) meningkatkan efektivitas fotodegradasi Remazol Black B dan secara simultan mereduksi ion logam Cd(II) menjadi Cd(s). Pada proses fotodegradasi Remazol Black B 40 ppm dengan TiO2 50 mg, penambahan ion logam Cd(II) paling optimum adalah pada konsentrasi 4,5 ppm yang menghasilkan fotodegradasi Remazol Black B sebesar 85,83% dengan fotoreduksi ion Cd(II) sebesar 97,78%. Proses fotodegradasi Remazol Black B dengan adanya penambahan ion logam Cd(II) paling efektif adalah pada pH 4, dengan efektivitas fotodegradasi sebesar 97,62%.

Pyrolysis Process of Mixed Polypropylene (PP) and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Waste with Natural Zeolite as Catalyst Emi Erawati; Hamid Hamid; Annisa Ayu Ilma
Molekul Vol 13, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

The reactor of the experiment was made from stainless steel with the diameter of 25 cm and the height of 30 cm. The liquid petroleum gas was used as a fuel in the reactor. The reactor was connected by the thermocouple that controls temperature variations at 410, 420, 430, and 450ºC. Raw material contained plastic bottles and waste caps, while the natural zeolite as a catalyst was dried and cut in dimensions of 3x3 cm. A gas as the reacted product was condensed using the first condenser, then the liquid product was collected. Uncondensed gaswas condensed again in the second condenser, then the liquid product was collected again. The volume of gas was calculated based on the water volume coming out of the gallon. Thiswas repeated with varied ratios of plastics to natural zeolite (67:33; 75:25; 80:20; and 83:17 wt%). Pyrolysis was run for two hours and every 20 minutes the sample was weighed to gauge the change inmass of gas and liquid. After 120 minutes, the solid sample was examined to identify the mass of final solid. Based on the research, at the temperature of 440ºC, the highest liquid yield was 68.42%. On the other hand, with the ratio of raw material to zeolite at 83:17 wt%, the largest yield of liquid was 87.31%. The liquid product in various temperature and comparisons of percentage of raw material to catalyst was found to meet diesel specifications based on The Decree of Director General of Fuels and Gas Year 200,8 Number 14,496 K/14/DJM/2,008.

Page 6 of 34 | Total Record : 331

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Contact Name Amin Fatoni

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Editorial Address Jl. Dr. Soeparno No.61 Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah 53

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Abstract

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Contact Name
Amin Fatoni

Contact Email
aminfatoni@unsoed.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
j.molekul@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Dr. Soeparno No.61 Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah 53

Location
Kab. banyumas,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA