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ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 25033638 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology

Intisari Sains Medis is published by Medical Scientific Community, Indonesia. Intisari Sains Medis is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal accepts papers for publication in all aspects of Science Digest, Medical Research Development, Research Medical Field and Theory. We also publish cases from third world country, that is considered very rare and special cases.

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Articles 1,063 Documents

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Psychospiritual in palliative care services: a literature review I Putu Candra Sasmita Sutarta; Ni Ketut Putri Ariani
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Palliative care provide holistic services at the physical, mental, and spiritual levels. Spiritual care is an intrinsic and essential component of palliative care that WHO has recognized. However, spiritual care is still not widely known by the community and health workers in the practice of palliative care. Methods: This literature review was written based on various books, journals, and scientific articles that related to spiritual care in palliative care. The quantitative and qualitative data were obtained, then collected and sorted into a report based on the appropriate topic. Result: Spirituality is one of the fundamental dimensions in the quality of life and maintaining culture. Thus, spirituality is an important component of palliative care. Many palliative patients understand their spiritual needs and want health professionals to help them address these needs. Various existing studies show that spiritual care provides benefits, especially in emotional needs and the search for meaning in life at the end of life. Palliative care professionals can provide spiritual care, but spiritual care is complex and requires specialized knowledge, expertise, and experience in assessing and meeting patient needs, requiring further training and education. Conclusion: Various studies have shown that palliative patients need psychospiritual care to support comfort and meaning in their lives towards the end of life. So, psychospiritual care in palliative care needs to be implemented and improved, especially in training for palliative care teams.

Hubungan nilai mean platelet volume dengan derajat klinis demam berdarah dengue di RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar Callista Beatrice; I Wayan Bikin Suryawan; Anak Agung Made Sucipta
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: DHF is a health problem in Indonesia because the morbidity and mortality rates are high, so a practical examination is needed to assess the progression of DHF to reduce its morbidity and mortality. MPV is a simple laboratory test that has not been widely studied in DHF. This study aims to determine the relationship between the MPV and the clinical degree of DHF. Method: The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design on pediatric patients aged 0 – < 18 years with DHF and treated in June 2020 – August 2021 at Wangaya General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. DHF diagnosis was based on WHO 2011 criteria, divided into groups of DHF and DSS. The normal reference MPV is 7,5-11,5fl, and values >11,5 fl are considered high. Data were analyzed by SPSS 25. Result: Eighty patients participated in the study, 56 DHF patients and 24 DSS patients. High MPV values >11.5 fl were found more in the DSS patient group (54,16%) than the DHF group (30,35%) (OR: 3,5; 95% CI: 1,29-9,68; p = 0,023). There was a moderate negative correlation between MPV and platelet count values (r: -0,438; p < 0,05). Conclusion: MPV value has a relationship with the clinical degree of DHF. High MPV values (> 11,5 fl) have a 3,5 times risk higher for the occurrence of DSS compared to patients with normal MPV values (7,5-11,5 fl). The degree of thrombocytopenia in dengue is inversely proportional to the MPV value. Latar belakang: Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia karena angka kesakitan dan kematiannya yang cukup tinggi, sehingga diperlukan pemeriksaan praktis yang dapat digunakan dalam menilai progresivitas DBD agar dapat mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas dari penyakit ini. Mean platelet volume (MPV) adalah pemeriksaan laboratorium sederhana yang yang belum banyak diteliti perannya pada DBD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara nilai MPV dengan derajat klinis DBD. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang tehadap pasien anak usia 0 – <18 tahun dengan DBD dan dirawat pada bulan Juni 2020 – Agustus 2021 di RSUD Wangaya Kota Denpasar. Diagnosis DBD berdasarkan kriteria WHO 2011, dibagi menjadi kelompok DBD tanpa syok dan sindrom syok dengue (SSD). Acuan nilai normal MPV 7,5-11,5 fl dan nilai >11,5 fl dianggap tinggi. Analisa menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Hasil: Didapatkan 80 pasien mengikuti penelitian, 56 pasien DBD tanpa syok dan 24 pasien SSD. Nilai MPV tinggi >11,5 fl didapatkan lebih banyak pada kelompok pasien SSD (54,16%) dibandingkan kelompok DBD tanpa syok (30,35%) (OR: 3,5; 95% IK: 1,29-9,68; p= 0,023). Didapatkan hubungan korelasi negatif berkekuatan sedang antara nilai MPV dan trombosit (r: -0,438; p< 0,05). Kesimpulan: Nilai MPV memiliki hubungan dengan derajat klinis DBD. Nilai MPV tinggi (>11,5 fl) memiliki risiko 3,5 kali untuk terjadinya SSD dibandingkan pasien dengan nilai MPV normal (7,5-11,5 fl). Derajat trombositopenia pada dengue berbanding terbalik dengan nilai MPV, semakin berat derajat trombositopenia semakin tinggi nilai MPV.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on orthopedic clinical daily practice: a literature review Anthony Gunawan; Anak Agung Ngurah Ronny Kesuma; I Komang Agus Krisna Saputra¬¬; I Komang Mahendra Laksana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

The use of PRP (platelet-rich plasma) is beneficial and even more important in the future. The most common indications were tendon damage (77%), osteoarthritis (68%), muscle damage (57%) and cartilage damage (51%). It is a purified autologous blood product with a higher platelet concentration than whole blood. It is rich in various cytokines and growth factors and has been shown to initiate and enhance healing by stimulating cell migration, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and matrix synthesis. In rotator cuff injury, PRP injection led to significant long-term pain relief but not in functional improvements. In Osteoarthritis, PRP injection is associated with long-term pain relief and function improvements. PRP injection has a better outcome in VAS (visual analog scale) and DASH (The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) scores in elbow ulnar collateral ligament pathologies, including lateral elbow epicondylitis. In medial epicondylitis, a paucity of studies causing therapeutic modality for PRP has not yet been established. In acute muscle injury, PRP used has no differences in imaging, pain, ROM (range of motion), muscle strength, and muscle function. In Achilles Tendinopathy, PRP injection has been associated with improvement in VAS, but no difference in VISA-A (The Victorian Institute of Sports Assesment – Achilles Questionnaire) score. However, the majority of published literature is secondary and tertiary evidence. Future studies could provide important information about the optimal concentrations of growth factors, platelets and leukocytes required for the desired effect in many specific tissues, as well as the appropriate method of administration and timing of drug application.

Karakteristik pendengaran pada pelajar pengguna peranti dengar di Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia Putri Citra Laksmi Darsana; I Made Wiranadha
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Personal Listening Devices (PLDs) can increase noise-induced hearing loss in users. Currently, PLDs have been part of adolescents’ daily lifestyles. Increase of today’s audiovisual and telecommunications technologies, PLDs allow users to listen to music for extended periods and at high sound levels. It can cause chronic noise that can interfere with hearing function. This study aims to determine the characteristic of the hearing level of PLDs user students in Denpasar. Methods: A total of 48 samples were included in this study. This research is a descriptive study using a cross sectional design. This research used the cluster sampling technique by taking primary data from history taking, physical examination, and pure tone audiometry of students using PLDs at SMAN 8 Denpasar. Data analysis in this study is a descriptive statistical analysis that was analyzed using the SPSS version 24.0 for Windows. Results: The highest proportion of PLDs users is women (60,4%) and age group of 15–16 years, of which 24 students (50.0%) are 15 years old and 24 students (50.0%) are 16 years old. The most widely used type of PLDs was the earbud (81.3%). Most of the duration of using PLDs in 24 hours is < 1 hour (41.7%). As many as 34 students (70.8%) used PLDs for more than 2 years. The hearing level of students who used PLDs was obtained at most with normal hearing (0–25 dB) as many as 30 students (62.5%) in the right ear and 37 students (77.1%) in the left ear with a mean score of the hearing threshold of the right ear is 24.570±6.487dB and the left ear is 22.960±5.799 dB. Conclusion: The hearing level of students who used PLDs was obtained at most with normal hearing (0–25 dB) in the right and left ear. Latar Belakang: Penggunaan peranti dengar memiliki potensi meningkatkan resiko gangguan pendengaran akibat bising pada penggunanya. Saat ini penggunaan peranti dengar dikalangan remaja sudah menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup sehari – hari. Dengan meningkatnya teknologi audio visual dan telekomunikasi saat ini, peranti dengar memungkinkan penggunanya untuk mendengarkan musik dalam jangka waktu lama dan pada tingkat level suara yang tinggi. Hal tersebut dapat menimbulkan bising kronik yang dapat mengganggu fungsi pendengaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pendengaran pada pelajar pengguna peranti dengar di Denpasar. Metode: Penelitian ini melibatkan 48 sampel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan rancangan potong lintang. Peneliti menggunakan teknik cluster sampling dengan mengambil data primer dari anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni pada pelajar pengguna peranti dengar di SMAN 8 Denpasar. Analisis pada penelitian ini adalah analisis univariat (statistik deskriptif) menggunakan program komputer SPSS versi 24.0 untuk Windows. Hasil: Didapatkan jumlah perempuan lebih banyak dibandingkan laki – laki yaitu 29 pelajar (60,4%). Rentang usia pelajar adalah 15 – 16 tahun, dimana 24 pelajar (50,0%) usia 15 tahun dan 24 pelajar (50,0%) usia 16 tahun. Jenis peranti dengar yang paling banyak digunakan adalah earbud yakni sejumlah 39 pelajar (81,3%). Sebagian besar durasi penggunaan peranti dengar dalam 24 jam adalah < 1 jam yakni sebanyak 20 pelajar (41,7%). Sejumlah 34 pelajar (70,8%) menggunakan peranti dengar selama lebih dari 2 tahun. Derajat pendengaran pelajar pengguna peranti dengar didapatkan paling banyak dengan pendengaran normal (0–25 dB) yakni sebanyak 30 pelajar (62,5%) pada telinga kanan dan 37 pelajar (77,1%) pada telinga kiri dengan nilai rerata ambang dengar pada telinga kanan adalah 24,570±6,487 dB dan telinga kiri 22,960±5,799 dB. Kesimpulan: Derajat pendengaran pelajar pengguna peranti dengar didapatkan paling banyak dengan pendengaran normal (0–25 dB) yakni pada telinga kanan dan telinga kiri.

Hubungan intensitas nyeri dengan kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi di PPLK RSUD Dr. Soetomo Duta Angela; Djohan Ardiansyah; Desak Gede Agung Suprabawati
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: Breast cancer occurs because breast cells grow out of control. The incidence of breast cancer is still very high both in developed countries and in Indonesia. One treatment that can be done is chemotherapy. Pain is one of the effects that can occur in undergoing chemotherapy, besides the increasing stage of cancer can increase pain. This increased pain often affects a person's quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between pain intensity and quality of life of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at PPLK RSUD Dr. Soetomo.Methods: This research is a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional method. Sampling was done by total sampling that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, then filled out the Sf-36 questionnaire and the Wong Baker pain scale. Forty respondents with breast cancer underwent chemotherapy at PPLK RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Analysis using SPSS. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to determine the normality test. Correlation using Spearman's test.Results: From 40 respondents, the youngest age in this study was 29 years old and the oldest was 61 years old. The highest level of pain in stage 4 breast cancer patients is in the mildly disturbing category, which is measured using the Wong Baker scale. The results of the Spearman test concluded that there were significant results between pain intensity and quality of life. There are 8 components in assessing the quality of life with the SF-36: physical function, physical role, emotional role, energy, mental health, social function, pain, and general health (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study shows a relationship between pain intensity and quality of life of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Pendahuluan: Kanker payudara terjadi karena sel-sel payudara tumbuh di luar kendali. Angka kejadian kanker payudara masih sangat tinggi baik di negara maju maupun Indonesia. Salah satu pengobatan yang dapat dilakukan adalah kemoterapi. Nyeri merupakan salah satu efek yang dapat terjadi dalam menjalani kemoterapi, selain itu stadium kanker yang meningkat dapat meningkatkan rasa nyeri. Nyeri yang meningkat ini seringkali memengaruhi kualitas hidup seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan intensitas nyeri terhadap kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi di PPLK RSUD Dr. Soetomo.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskripsi analitik dengan metode cross-sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara total sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, kemudian dilakukan pengisian kuisioner Sf-36 dan skala nyeri Wong Baker. Terdapat 40 responden penderita kanker payudara yang menjalani kemoterapi di PPLK RSUD Dr. Soetomo. Analisis menggunakan SPSS. Uji Shapiro Wilk digunakan untuk menentukan uji normalitas. Korelasi hubungan menggunakan uji Spearman.Hasil: Dari 40 responden diperoleh hasil dengan usia termuda dalam penelitian ini berumur 29 tahun dan tertua berumur 61 tahun. Tingkatan nyeri tertinggi pada pasien kanker payudara stadium 4 masuk dalam kategori agak mengganggu, yang diukur menggunakan skala Wong Baker. Hasil uji Spearman menyimpulkan adanya hasil yang signifikan antara intensitas nyeri dengan kualitas hidup. Terdapat 8 komponen dalam menilai kualitas hidup dengan SF-36, yaitu fungsi fisik, peranan fisik, peranan emosi, energi, kesehatan jiwa, fungsi sosial, rasa nyeri, dan kesehatan umum (p<0,05).Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara intensitas nyeri dan kualitas hidup pasien kanker payudara yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi.

Hubungan neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, absolute lymphocyte count, dan platelet lymphocyte ratio terhadap derajat keparahan COVID-19 Lusia Nasrani
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: The COVID-19 virus was discovered at the end of 2019 as respiratory infectious disease and has become a pandemic until now, so it is very important to predict the severity of COVID-19. Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC), and Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) are easy, inexpensive, and fast methods as screening tools for the severity of COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between NLR, ALC, and PLR to the severity of COVID-19.Methods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional research design—retrieving research data using the total sampling method. The research data are medical records and laboratory examination data from 64 COVID-19 patients at Harapan Keluarga Hospital Cikarang in July–December 2020. The data analysis used was bivariate analysis with chi-square.Results: There were 64 samples in this study, with the majority of samples being male, the average age was 42 years, the most common symptoms were fever (81.3%) and cough (71.9%), the majority of patients had no comorbidities. There was a significant relationship between NLR, ALC and PLR with the severity of COVID-19 (p = 0.007; p = 0.002; p = 0.013). Latar belakang: Virus COVID-19 ditemukan pada akhir tahun 2019 sebagai penyakit infeksi pada pernapasan dan telah menjadi pandemi hingga saat ini, sehingga sangat penting untuk memprediksi derajat keparahan COVID-19. Neutrophyl Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC), dan Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) merupakan metode yang mudah, murah, dan cepat sebagai alat skrining pada keparahan COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan NLR, ALC, dan PLR terhadap derajat keparahan COVID-19.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah suatu penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain penelitian crosssectional. Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan metode total sampling. Data penelitian adalah data rekam medis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium dari 64 pasien COVID-19 di RS Harapan Keluarga Cikarang pada periode Juli–Desember 2020. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis bivariat dengan chi-square.Hasil: Terdapat 64 sampel pada penelitian ini dengan mayoritas sampel merupakan laki-laki, rata-rata usia 42 tahun, gejala yang paling sering ditemukan adalah demam (81,3%) dan batuk (71,9%), mayoritas pasien tidak memiliki komorbid. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara NLR, ALC dan PLR dengan tingkat keparahan COVID-19 (p =0,007; p=0,002; p =0,013).Simpulan: NLR, ALC, dan PLR memiliki hubungan terhadap derajat keparahan COVID-19.

Potensi antibakteri tetes telinga ekstrak daun Anredera Cordifolia terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa penyebab Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis (OMSK) Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari; Eka Putra Setiawan; I Wayan Lolik Lesmana
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid mucosa characterized by perforation of the tympanic membrane and persistent discharge from the middle ear. The high resistance rate to CSOM pathogen brings hope for the development of natural-based drugs. The Binahong plant (Anredera cordifolia) has been known for a long time and is widely used as a traditional herb by Indonesian people. Flavonoid, saponins and alkaloids compounds from Binahong leaf extracts in several studies reveal its antibacterial activity. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Binahong leaf extract ear drops against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CSOM pathogen in-vitro. Methods: This is an experimental study with a post-test only control group design by testing antibacterial activity of binahong leaf extract at 1%, 3% and 5% concentrations into Pseudomonas aeruginosa American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 9027. Chloramphenicol 1% was used as a positive control and ethanol 96% as a negative control. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows. Results: The minimum Inhibitory Zone Diameter (IZD) in the treatment groups A1, A2, A3 and A4 was the same, namely 0.00 mm and the maximum IZD in the treatment groups A1, A2, A3, A4 was also the same, which was 0.00 mm, so that the average IZD of the treatment groups A1, A2, A3, A4 was 0.00 mm. Meanwhile, in the A4 treatment group, the minimum IZD was 11.00 mm and the maximum IZD was 12.00 mm, so the average IZD was 11.20 mm. Conclusion: Antibacterial activity of the Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaf extract ear drops at 1%, 3% and 5% concentrations showed weak inhibitory response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Latar Belakang: Otitis media supuratif kronis (OMSK) adalah inflamasi kronis mukosa telinga tengah dan mastoid ditandai perforasi membran timpani dan keluarnya cairan dari telinga tengah yang menetap. Tingginya angka resistensi terhadap bakteri penyebab OMSK membawa harapan bagi pengembangan obat yang berbahan dasar alam. Tanaman Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) telah dikenal sejak dahulu dan banyak digunakan sebagai tanaman obat oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan alkaloid yang terkandung pada daun Binohong diketahui memiliki aktifitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri tetes telinga ekstrak daun Binahong terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa penyebab OMSK secara in-vitro. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post-test only control group design yaitu menguji aktivitas antibakteri berupa diameter daerah hambat (DDH) sediaan tetes telinga ekstrak daun Binahong konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5% terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC-9027. Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan Chloramphenicol 1% dan sebagai kontrol negatif digunakan ethanol 96% Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows. Hasil: Diameter daerah hambat (DDH) minimal pada kelompok perlakuan A1, A2, A3 dan A4 adalah sama, yaitu 0,00 mm dan DDH maksimal pada kelompok perlakuan A1, A2, A3, A4 juga sama, yaitu sebesar 0,00 mm, sehingga rerata diameter daerah hambat kelompok perlakuan A1, A2, A3, A4 adalah 0,00 mm. Sedangkan pada kelompok perlakuan A4, DDH minimal adalah 11,00 mm dan DDH maksimal sebesar 12,00 mm, sehingga rerata DDH adalah 11,20 mm. Kesimpulan: Aktivitas antibakteri sediaan tetes telinga ekstrak daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) pada konsentrasi 1%, 3% dan 5% menunjukkan respon hambat lemah terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Uji toksisitas akut dan subkronik ekstrak daun binahong (Anredera cordifolia) pada mencit Balb/C betina I Wayan Lolik Lesmana; Eka Putra Setiawan; Ni Putu Oktaviani Rinika Pranitasari
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: The antibacterial potential of Binahong leaf extract has been known but has not been studied further, especially against disease-causing bacteria in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) field. The antibacterial activity is made possible by the presence of flavonoid compounds, saponins and alkaloids. This study aims to test the acute toxicity in determining the LD50 value and the subchronic toxicity test in the phytopathological examination of liver and kidney function in female Balb/C mice. Methods: Experimental research was conducted on acute and subchronic toxicity of binahong leaf extract in mice. An acute toxicity test was carried out by giving a single dose of Binahong leaf extract, starting at a dose of 5 mg/kgBW and increasing until 2 mice died or 1 mouse showed symptoms of toxicity. After 28 days of offering Binahong leaf extract, blood serum was taken to check kidney and liver function, while the kidneys and then histopathological examinations were carried out. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 20 for Windows. Results: There was a significant difference in SGPT levels in the group that received binahong extract treatment at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW (24.08±3.08/L), 500 mg/kgBW (26.84±1.47/L), and 1000 mg/kgBW (30.38±0.68/L) compared to the control group (18.18±0.46/L) (p<0.05). Significant differences were also found in BUN and SC levels measurement compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, significant differences in SGOT levels were only found in the binahong extract group at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW (44.88±2.88/L) and 1000 mg/kgBW (58.18±2.56/L) compared to the control (37 ,48±0.44 /L) (p<0.05). Conclusion: There were significant differences in the levels of SGPT, SGOT, BUN, and SC after the administration of various doses of binahong leaf extract in female Balb/C mice. Latar Belakang: Potensi antibakteri ekstrak daun Binahong telah diketahui namun belum diteliti lebih jauh terutama terhadap bakteri penyebab penyakit di bidang Telinga Hidung dan Tenggorok (THT). Aktivitas antibakteri tersebut dimungkinkan oleh adanya kandungan senyawa flavonoid, saponin dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji toksisitas akut dalam menentukan nilai LD50 dan uji toksisitas subkronik berupa pemeriksaan fungsi hepar dan ginjal secara biokimia dan histopatologi pada mencit Balb/C betina. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan terhadap toksisitas akut dan subkronik ekstrak daun Binahong pada mencit. Uji toksisitas akut dilakukan dengan memberikan ekstrak daun Binahong dosis tunggal mulai dari dosis 5 mg/kgBB dan ditingkatkan sampai didapatkan ≥ 2 ekor mencit yang mati atau ≥ 1 ekor mencit menunjukkan gejala toksisitas. Setelah 28 hari pemberian ekstrak daun Binahong, dilakukan pengambilan serum darah untuk diperiksa fungsi ginjal dan hepar, sedangkan organ ginjal dan hepar selanjutnya akan dilakukan pemeriksaan histopatologi. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kadar SGPT pada kelompok yang mendapatkan perlakuan ekstrak binahong dengan dosis 250 mg/kgBB (24,08±3,08 µ/L), 500 mg/kgBB (26,84±1,47 µ/L), dan 1000 mg/kgBB (30,38±0,68 µ/L) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (18,18±0,46 µ/L) (p<0,05). Perbedaan yang bermakna juga ditemukan pada pengukuran kadar BUN dan SC dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Akan tetapi perbedaan bermakna kadar SGOT hanya ditemukan pada kelompok ekstrak binahong dengan dosis 500 mg/kgBB (44,88±2,88 µ/L) dan 1000 mg/kgBB (58,18 ± 2,56 µ/L) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (37,48±0,44 µ/L) (p<0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada kadar SGPT, SGOT, BUN, dan SC pasca pemberian berbagai dosis ekstrak daun binahong pada mencit Balb/C betina.

The potential role of vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of Dry Eye Disease (DED): a systematic review Tiara Alexander; Eunike Cahyaningsih
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022): (Available Online : 1 April 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a prevalent condition that involves instability, increased osmolarity, and inflammation of the tear film and ocular surface. Vitamin D is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Association between vitamin D deficiency and increased incidence of DED has been suggested. However, no study currently exists that systematically reviews the potential role of vitamin D as a treatment for DED. Methods: The literature search was performed on December 2021 through PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, dan Cochrane Library using the relevant keywords. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, ROBINS-I tools, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: A total of 700 articles were found, 6 of which were considered relevant based on PRISMA protocol. The included articles consist of 2 case controls, a randomized interventional study, and 3 observational studies. Vitamin D supplementation improved tear stability, symptoms of dry eye disease, and serum vitamin D level affected the efficacy of topical therapy for DED. Conclusion: Despite this beneficial finding, serum vitamin D level does not significantly correlate with DED symptoms which the multifactorial nature of the disease might cause.

Gambaran karekteristik kejadian sifilis kongenital di RSUD Wangaya, Kota Denpasar I Gusti Ayu Mahadewi; Peter Prayogo Hsieh; Callista Beatrice; I Gde Doddy Kurnia Indrawan
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022): (In Press : 1 August 2022)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Syphilis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections every year. In mothers who do not receive treatment, transmission of infection from mother to fetus can occur, causing congenital syphilis. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of cases of congenital syphilis in Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar. Methods: This descriptive study used the medical records of pediatric patients at the Wangaya Hospital, Denpasar, for the period January 2020 to October 2021. The inclusion criteria used were newborns diagnosed with congenital syphilis with complete medical record data. The exclusion criteria used were newborns suffering from congenital syphilis accompanied by other infections, namely Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, and other congenital disorders not related to syphilis. Results: Of the 47 study subjects who met the inclusion criteria, 68.1% of cases were asymptomatic and 31.9% symptomatic, 68.1% of term pregnancy, 31.9% preterm, low birth weight 29.8%, very low 4 .3%, and 66% normal body weight. Clinical manifestations found in symptomatic cases were respiratory distress (27.7%), jaundice/jaundice (21.3%), anemia (19.1%), skin lesions/rash (12.8%), sepsis (10 .6%), leukocytosis (10.6%), and thrombocytopenia (10.6%). Outcome of survival was 93.6% and death was 6.4% of cases. Conclusion: Most cases of congenital syphilis are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, the characteristic clinical manifestations that are often encountered are respiratory distress, jaundice, anemia, skin rash, sepsis, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. Recognizing the characteristics of congenital syphilis cases early is very important to reduce mortality from the disease. Latar Belakang: Sifilis merupakan salah satu infeksi menular seksual yang banyak terjadi setiap tahunnya. Pada ibu yang tidak mendapatkan pengobatan, dapat terjadi transmisi infeksi ibu ke janin sehingga menyebabkan kejadian sifilis kongenital. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik dari kasus-kasus sifilis kongenital di RSUD Wangaya kota Denpasar. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif ini menggunakan rekam medis pasien anak di RSUD Wangaya kota Denpasar periode Januari 2020 hingga Oktober 2021. Kriteria inklusi yang digunakan adalah bayi baru lahir yang didiagnosis sifilis kongenital dengan data rekam medis yang lengkap. Kriteria eksklusi yang digunakan adalah bayi baru lahir yang menderita sifilis kongenital disertai infeksi lainnya, yaitu Toxoplasma gondii, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, maupun kelainan kongenital lain yang tidak berkaitan dengan sifilis. Hasil : Dari 47 subjek penelitian yang masuk di dalam kriteria inklusi, 68,1% kasus asimptomatik dan 31,9% simptomatik, kehamilan aterm 68,1%, kurang bulan 31,9%, berat badan lahir rendah 29,8%, sangat rendah 4,3%, dan berat badan normal 66%. Manifestasi klinis yang ditemukan pada kasus simptomatik, yaitu distres nafas (27,7%), ikterus/jaundice (21,3%), anemia (19,1%), lesi/ruam kulit (12,8%), sepsis (10,6%), leukositosis (10,6%), dan trombositopenia (10,6%). Luaran hidup 93,6% dan meninggal 6,4% kasus. Kesimpulan : Sebagian besar kasus sifilis kongenital tidak bergejala atau asimptomatik. Pada kasus bergejala, karakteristik manifestasi klinis yang sering ditemui adalah distres nafas, jaundice, anemia, ruam kulit, sepsis, leukositosis, dan trombositopenia. Mengenali karakteristik kasus sifilis kongenital sejak dini sangat penting untuk mengurangi mortalitas dari penyakit.

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