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Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Published by Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia
ISSN : 2656131x     EISSN : 26558289     DOI : https://doi.org/10.33759/jrki
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
JURNAL RISET KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan online dan diterbitkan dalam bentuk cetak. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 3 kali dalam 1 tahun (Januari, Mei dan September) Jurnal ini diterbitkan oleh APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia) Lingkup jurnal ini mencakup Organisasi Farmasi, Kedokteran, Kimia Organik Sintetis, Kimia Organik Bahan Alami, Biokimia, Analisis Kimia, Kimia Fisik, Biologi, Mikrobiologi, Kultur Jaringan, Botani dan hewan yang terkait dengan produk farmasi, Keperawatan, Kebidanan, Analis Kesehatan, Nutrisi dan Kesehatan Masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 228 Documents
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Determination of the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of Ethanol Extract Gel from Arumanis Mango Leaves (Mangifera indica L. var. arumanis) as a Sunscreen Using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method Laikhah; Indah Shaliha; Alif Warnandi
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.909

Abstract

Skin damage caused by ultraviolet radiation has become a major health concern, prompting the search for natural photoprotective agents. This study aimed to determine the sun protection factor of ethanol-based Mangifera indica L. var. arumanis leaf extract and its topical gel formulations. Fresh mature leaves were dried, powdered, and extracted using maceration with 96% ethanol. The extract was subsequently formulated into gels with varying concentrations and evaluated for physical properties including pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, homogeneity, and organoleptic characteristics. The sun protection factor was measured using UV-Visible spectrophotometry and calculated via the Mansur equation. Results showed that the ethanol extract provided ultra-level photoprotection at all tested concentrations, while gel formulations containing higher extract concentrations achieved enhanced sun protection, with optimal physical stability observed at intermediate concentrations. Excessive extract concentration resulted in reduced homogeneity and decreased adhesion. These findings demonstrate that Mangifera indica L. var. arumanis leaf extract is a promising natural sunscreen ingredient and that careful formulation is required to balance biological efficacy with physical stability. The study provides a basis for developing safe and effective natural sun protection products.
Crude Extract Preparation of Sea Grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) Using the Maceration Method Ariya Abdul Gani; Anandita Ekasanti
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.910

Abstract

Sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) are a species of seaweed with considerable potential as a source of bioactive compounds; however, their utilization in Indonesia remains limited. This study aimed to describe the preparation process of crude extract from sea grapes using the maceration method and to determine its yield. The procedure involved drying the seaweed in a drying cabinet at 45 °C for 23 hours, grinding the dried material into simplicia powder using a chopper, macerating the powder with 96% ethanol at a ratio of 1:5 for three consecutive 24-hour periods, and evaporating the solvent with a rotary evaporator at 40 °C. The obtained extract was further concentrated using a water bath until a paste form was achieved. From 3 kg of fresh material, 100 g of dried simplicia was produced, yielding 5.595 g of crude extract with a yield value of 5.595%. The maceration method was selected due to its efficiency, simplicity, and minimal requirement for specialized equipment. Ethanol 96% was chosen as the solvent because of its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar active compounds and its safety for consumable products
Formulation and evaluation of body lotion containing ethanol extract peel of snake fruit (salacca zalacca (gaertn.) Voss) as a skin moisturizer Meissi Kusuma; Nurul Azmi; Iin Ruliana Rohenti; Silfera Indra Yanti
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.912

Abstract

Maintaining healthy skin can be achieved through the use of moisturizing cosmetic preparations, such as body lotion, which serves to prevent the skin from becoming dry, rough, and dull. The peel of snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaertn.) Voss) is known to contain flavonoid and phenolic compounds, which play a functional role in enhancing skin hydration and improving skin smoothness.. This study aims to formulate and evaluate the preparation of body lotion from ethanol extract peel of snake fruit. Peel of snake fruit extract was extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol, then formulated into body lotion preparations with concentration variations of 0% (F0), 1% (F1), 3% (F2) and 5% (F3). Evaluation of the preparation includes organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, stability, and irritation test using patch test method and moisture test using skin analyzer. The body lotion preparations obtained were purple to brown in color, homogeneous, the pH values were 6.21-6.57, the viscosity  values werw 11530-18380 cP, and spreadability 6-6.4 cm. The stability test results  at 5°C,  25°C, and 40°C temperatures  for 4 weeks showed that all formulas  were stable  during storage and met the test requirements. The results of statistical analysis with the ANOVA method for all formulas at  temperature 25°C did not have significant differences (p < 0, 05).  All body lotion formulations demonstrated non-irritating properties and were effective in enhancing skin hydration levels. It can be concluded that the extract of peel of snake fruit can be successfully formulated into a body lotion preparation that complies with evaluation standards and exhibits significant potential as an effective skin moisturizing agent.
Effect of Tween 80 Concentration on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) Fruit Extract Nanoemulsion Dwi Saryanti; Suharyanto; Livi Melati Andini Putri
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.920

Abstract

Strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) contain non-polar flavonoids and function as antioxidants. Nanotechnology can increase drug bioavailability, has a kinetically stable system, has the ability to penetrate deeper into the skin, lowers viscosity, and delivers the active substance to the skin surface to form a thin layer. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of Tween 80 as a surfactant on the fruit extract nanoemulsion formulation. Nanoemulsion is made from Tween 80 surfactant, PEG 400 cosurfactant, and virgin coconut oil oil phase. The concentration of Tween 80 used by F1, F2, and F3 was 20%, 30%, and 40%. The preparations were tested for organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, transmittance and droplet size on the formula with the smallest droplet size. The organoleptic of the resulting nanoemulsion is in the form of a clearer brown colour, a characteristicic odour, and a, and a liquid form,form, and there is no separation phase. The effect of varying the concentration of Tween 80 in the nanoemulsion formulation of strawberry fruit extract: the higher the concentration of Tween 80, the higher the pH value, % transmittance and viscosity of the preparation. The droplet sizes on F1, F2, and F3 were 5722.77 ± 1.53 nm, 3328.5 ± 0.00 nm, and 25.97 ± 0.90 nm with a polydispersity index of 16.312 ± 4.32, 9.927 ± 0.00, and 1.060 ± 0.11. Nanoemulsions of strawberry fruit extract with a concentration of 40% can produce good preparations. The antioxidant testing findings utilising the ABTS method revealed that the strawberry extract nanoparticle formulation exhibited an IC50 value of under 50, signifying exceptionally potent antioxidant activity.
In Silico Exploration of Natural Antioxidant Candidates: Capsaicin Compounds from Cayenne Pepper Leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) as Potential Inhibitors of the COX-2 Enzyme (PDB ID:5IKQ) Esti Febri Fatwami Esti Febri Fatwami; Dian Islamiyati; Ryan Syahputra
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.921

Abstract

Exposure to free radicals caused by oxidative stress is a major factor in cellular damage and contributes to the development of degenerative diseases, highlighting the need for safe and effective natural antioxidants. Oxidative stress is triggered by excessive production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), in which cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays a key enzymatic role in ROS formation. Cayenne pepper leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) are known to possess antioxidant potential, with capsaicin identified as an important secondary metabolite. The antioxidant potential of capsaicin was evaluated using an in-silico approach by analyzing its binding affinity and molecular interactions with the COX-2 enzyme. This research aimed to assess capsaicin from cayenne pepper leaves as a potential natural antioxidant candidate through in silico interaction analysis with COX-2. Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock software to determine binding affinity values and optimal ligand conformations at the active site of COX-2. Interaction visualization and amino acid residue analysis were conducted using Discovery Studio Visualizer. The docking results were compared with the native ligand based on binding affinity and inhibition constant (Ki) values to evaluate inhibitory potential. Capsaicin exhibited a binding affinity of −7.41 kcal/mol and a Ki value of 3.73 µM, indicating stable interaction with COX-2. Although its binding affinity was lower than that of the native ligand, capsaicin demonstrated sufficient interaction strength to be classified as a potential natural COX-2 inhibitor. These findings suggest that capsaicin derived from cayenne pepper leaves may possess natural antioxidant activity based on in silico analysis.
Cost-Minimization Analysis of Sacubitril/Valsartan and Ramipril in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients at RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang Hadianti Deliana Rifqi; Maria Caecilia Nanny Setiawati; Fef Rukminingsih Fef Rukminingsih; Yuliana Setyarini
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.923

Abstract

Heart failure represents a major public health challenge in Indonesia, characterized by high hospitalization rates and substantial healthcare costs. This study compared the economic efficiency of sacubitril-valsartan and ramipril in hospitalized heart failure patients through cost-minimization analysis. This study was conducted in a retrospective cross-sectional at RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang from January to December 2024, Analyzed 98 patients who received sacubitril-valsartan or ramipril in conjunction with beta-blockers and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and did not undergo minor or major surgery during hospitalization, with data sourced from medical records, hospital systems, pharmacy, and finance departments. Patient baseline characteristics showed no significant differences in sex, occupation, or length of stay, though sacubitril-valsartan patients had more comorbidities and different insurance and education profiles. Length of stay averaged 5.78 days for ramipril and 6.18 days for sacubitril-valsartan, with no statistical difference. Total hospital costs reached 12,379,257 IDR per patient for ramipril versus 12,174,742 IDR for sacubitril-valsartan. Sacubitril-valsartan proves economically comparable to ramipril, offering a slight cost advantage from the payer perspective under equivalent clinical effectiveness. These findings support its integration into Indonesian heart failure protocols to optimize resource use amid budget constraints.
In vitro antibacterial activity of Myrica javanica leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. Varda Arianti; Yeni Marsela; Devi Maulina; Gaine Marvelous; Pra Panca Bayu Chandra
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.926

Abstract

Based on the Myrica genus, Myrica esculenta contains secondary  metabolites such as flavonoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, that have the potential to act as antibacterial agents. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of Myrica javanica extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes in vitro. Extraction was performed using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, followed by antibacterial activity testing using the disk diffusion method at five extract concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%) with positive control (Clindamycin) and negative control  (DMSO). The results showed an increase in the maximum inhibition zone against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes measuring 14,04 ± 0,50 mm and 12,3 ± 0,64 mm respectively at concentration of 100%. In conclusion, the  extract of Myrica javanica shows potential antibacterial activity against both test bacteria.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract from Green Spinach Leaves (Amaranthus viridis) Against Propionibacterium Acnes Alfadhila Dwinanda Revalina; Anita Ratna Dilla; Andi Zsazsa Rafiatul Mukhlis
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.932

Abstract

Acne is a common chronic skin disorder among adolescents in Indonesia, with a prevalence of approximately 80–85%, particularly in individuals aged 15–18 years. One of the main microorganisms associated with acne pathogenesis is Propionibacterium acnes. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of green spinach (Amaranthus viridis) leaves against P. acnes. This experimental study was conducted using a well diffusion method. The green spinach leaf extract was prepared through maceration using 96% ethanol as the extraction solvent. Phytochemical screening was performed to identify the presence of bioactive compounds, and antibacterial activity was assessed at extract concentrations of 50%, 60%, and 70%, with clindamycin used as a positive control and sterile distilled water as a negative control. The phytochemical screening results showed that the ethanol extract contained flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. However, the antibacterial assay demonstrated that the extract at all tested concentrations did not produce inhibition zones against P. acnes. In contrast, clindamycin produced a clear inhibition zone with a diameter of 19.25 mm, while the negative control showed no inhibitory effect. These findings indicate that, under the experimental conditions applied in this study, the ethanol extract of green spinach leaves does not exhibit antibacterial activity against P. acnes. Further investigations using higher extract concentrations, alternative extraction methods, or different solvents are necessary to explore the potential antibacterial properties of green spinach leaves more comprehensively.
Antioxidant activity of pumpkin leaf extract(Cucurbita moschata duch.) Using the dpph method Supriningrum, Risa; Khusnah, Miftahul Nabila; Supomo, Supomo
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i1.948

Abstract

Pumpkin leaves (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) have benefits as an antidiabetic agent, stomach protector, and can increase blood hemoglobin levels, thereby treating anemia. Pumpkin leaves contain vitamin A, vitamin B, carbohydrates, phosphorus, calcium, iron, vitamin C, and secondary metabolites that have antioxidant potential. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of yellow pumpkin leaf extract using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The research stages included plant identification, simplisia preparation, extraction by maceration with 95% ethanol solvent, phytochemical screening, and testing of antioxidant activity with DPPH free radicals and vitamin C as a comparison. The results of the antioxidant activity test of the ethanol extract of pumpkin leaves showed very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 24.29 ppm, and a vitamin C IC50 value as a comparison of 9.809 ppm.
EVALUASI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN SHAMPO EKSTRAK DAUN KATUK (Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr) DENGAN BERBAGAI VARIASI VISCOSITY AGENT Rashati, Dewi; Eryani, Mikhania Christiningtyas
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v1i1.6

Abstract

Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr leaf in Indonesia called katuk have strong antioxidant activity with IC50 80,01 ppm. The aims of this research is want to know physical properties of katuk leaf shampo which is formulated in various formulas. In this research katuk was formulated in shampoo with viscocity agent (HPMC, sodium CMC and Carbopol) in various concentration. The result showed that all shampoo formulas had low jasmine smell, but had different in form and colour. Shampoo viscocity increased with increased viscocity agent. The highest viscocity showed by F7 with 0,5% carbopol concentration. pH test showed that the shampoo with HPMC and sodium CMC had pH value 6. pH value of shampoo with carbopol was 5. All of pH formulas meet the requirement of SNI standard. Statistical result showed that the physical properties of foam high, viscocity and pH all formulas had significant difference.

Page 12 of 23 | Total Record : 228

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