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Research Center for Smart Molecule of Natural Genetics Resources (SMONAGENES) office: 2nd floor MIPA Building, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang, East Java, Indonesia – 65145
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JSMARTech : Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 26860805     EISSN : 27147894     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2020.001.02.
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
JSMARTech : Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology (p-ISSN: 2686-0805, e-ISSN : 2714-7894) is an Open Access Scientific Journal published by Research Center of Smart Molecule and Natural Genetics Resources (SMONAGENES), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, since 2019. It is a journal covering of bioprospecting, biochemical, biotechnology, bioinformatics, natural product, pharmaceuticals, biomedical, genetics engineering, nutrigenomic, and nanotechnology. The journal publishes a manuscript written in English for original research papers, short communications, and review articles. The paper published in this journal implies that the work described has not been, and will not be published elsewhere, except in abstract, as part of a lecture, review or academic thesis.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 77 Documents
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Comparison of the Effectiveness of Jackfruit Banana Peel Extract, Kepok Banana Peel and Uli Banana Peel on Reducing Uric Acid Levels Najwa Rokhmah, Nisa; Herlina, Nina; Andhika Riyantama, Alfi
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
Publisher : JSMARTech

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.01

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the anti-hyperuricemia effects of ethanolic extracts from the peels of nangka, kepok, and uli bananas in male Sprague Dawley rats. Twenty-five rats (5–7 weeks old; 150–200 g) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 5 per group): a negative control (0.5% CMC-Na), a positive control (allopurinol 2.52 mg/200 g BW), and three treatment groups receiving 70 mg/200 g BW of each banana peel extract. The banana peels were extracted using the Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method with 70% ethanol. Hyperuricemia was induced for 10 days by oral administration of chicken liver juice (2 ml/kg body weight) for nine consecutive days, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate (50 mg/kg body weight) on the tenth day.  Uric acid levels were measured using the uricase-PAP method and quantified with a microplate reader at 570 nm. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein and analyzed to determine uric acid concentration before and after treatment. Data were analyzed using a randomized block design (RBD), followed by ANOVA and Duncan’s post hoc test (α ≤ 0.05). The kepok banana peel extract showed the highest uric acid reduction (93.60%), followed by nangka (90.21%) and uli (81.26%). These results suggest that all three banana peel extracts possess significant anti-hyperuricemic activity, with kepok peel extract demonstrating the greatest potential for uric acid reduction.   Keywords: Jackfruit Peel Extract, Cavendish Banana Peel Extract, Plantain Peel Extract, Anti-Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
Characterization and Identification of Phytochemical Compounds Soursop Leaf Extract (Annona muricata L.) Amrullah, Kammal Nizam Amrullah; Ma’rifah, Shofia Jannatul; Azizah, Nur; Jamilah, Zahrotul; Safitri, Dewi Astriana; Bawani, Elen Ayu; Ramadhan, Majida; Hayati, Ari; Nafisa; Mahyantika, Seftya Putri
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.07

Abstract

Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) have long been used in traditional medicine in Indonesia to treat various diseases. This study aimed to characterize and identify phytochemical compounds present in soursop leaf extract. The analysis was carried out using UV-Visible spectrophotometric, FT-IR spectroscopy, and phytochemical screening to identify the presence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins. UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis showed a characteristic of the isoflavone spectrum with two absorption peaks of 310-330 nm. FT-IR revealed strong absorption at 3380 cm-1 (O-H group), 1737 cm-¹ (C=O group), and 718 cm-1 (C-H alkene group), along with moderate absorption at 2922 cm-1 and 2852 cm-2 (C-H alkane group) and 1650 cm-1 (C=C alkene group). The total flavonoid content of the extract was 89.201 mg/g at 1000 ppm and 87.220 mg/g at 500 ppm. These findings indicate that soursop leaves are rich in flavonoids and other bioactive compounds with potential medicinal value.   Keywords: Soursop leaves, UV-Visible, FT-IR, phytochemical screening, total flavonoids
Profile of Secondary Metabolites and Study of Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Mulberry Fruit (Morus alba) in Inhibiting Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Seftya Putri Mahyantika; Abdoes Sjakoer, Nour; Ramadhan, Majida
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.15

Abstract

Mulberry fruit is known as a medicinal plant with various health benefits, including as an antibacterial agent. This study aims to identify the content of secondary metabolites and evaluate their antibacterial activity. The methods used in this study were experiments with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Extraction was performed using ethanol as a solvent with the maceration technique, while phytochemical analysis was conducted using specific reagent tests to detect the presence of bioactive compounds. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the disc diffusion method with varying concentrations of the extract at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Phytochemical analysis results showed that mulberry fruit extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids. Antibacterial activity testing against Escherichia coli produced inhibition zones of 19.25 mm, 20.33 mm, 26 mm, and 27.17 mm, respectively, while for Staphylococcus aureus, the inhibition zones were 17.58 mm, 20.08 mm, 25.75 mm, and 30.92 mm, respectively. In general, the inhibition zones formed showed an increase with increasing extract concentration. However, statistically, there was no significant difference in inhibiting both bacteria. Based on these results, mulberry fruit extract has balanced antibacterial potential against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it a promising candidate for development as a broad-spectrum natural antibacterial agent. Keywords: antibacterial, Escherichia coli, mulberry, phytochemical screening, Staphylococcus aureus
Dual Inhibition of PTP1B and DPP4 by Canavalia ensiformis Bioactive Compounds: A Synergy of Nutrition and Therapeutics Purwanti, Elly; Rachmawati, Farida; Hasan, Aso Hameed; Nuryady, Mohamad Mirza; Permana, Tutut Indria; Prihanta, Wahyu
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.23

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus affects over 460 million adults worldwide and is projected to rise further, underscoring the urgency for safe, nutrition-based strategies to improve glycaemic control. Legumes have been known for dietary intervention for diabetic patients. However, studies evaluating the functional properties of Canavalia ensiformis for diabetes management are limited. This study investigated C. ensiformis beans for their nutritional profile and therapeutic potential in diabetes management. Nutritional values were analyzed by proximate and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), while bioactive compounds were identified by untargeted metabolite profiling using Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Anti-diabetic potential of identified bioactives was evaluated through molecular docking by using AutoDock Vina against dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as known diabetic-associated enzymes. Nutritional analysis revealed a composition rich in crude protein (26.34%) and carbohydrates (54.84%), complemented by substantial mineral content, including calcium, iron, and zinc, which collectively support metabolic and physiological functions. Phytochemical profiling identified 22 bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids (e.g., Kaempferol), phenolic derivatives (e.g., Curcumin), and amino acids (e.g., DL-Tryptophan), known for their roles in oxidative stress reduction and glucose metabolism modulation. Molecular docking studies demonstrated that Kaempferol exhibiting binding affinities of − 7.7 kcal mol⁻¹ (DPP4) and − 7.5 kcal mol⁻¹ (PTP1B), while DL-Tryptophan showed comparable interactions. These ligands occupied the catalytic pockets of both enzymes and engaged key residues, mirroring the binding patterns of native ligands, indicating competitive inhibition that may enhance insulin signalling and prolong incretin action. The dual-target inhibition of PTP1B and DPP4, coupled with the bean’s high nutritional value, positions C. ensiformis as a promising functional food for diabetes management, merging dietary benefits with therapeutic potential.   Keywords: Functional food, Diabetes Mellitus, Dietary Intervention, DPP4 inhibitor, PTP1B inhibitor.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea) Against Aeromonas hydrophila in vitro Aprilyanti, Salsabila; Andayani, Sri; Rahardjo, Seto Sugianto Prabowo
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.33

Abstract

Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for significant losses in freshwater aquaculture. In response to the growing issue of antibiotic resistance, this study examined the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea) against A. hydrophila in vitro. Extraction was performed using ethyl acetate, followed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography, which yielded nine fractions. Among them, fraction 5 showed the highest antibacterial activity. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test revealed that 250 ppm was the lowest effective concentration, while the disk diffusion assay demonstrated that 350 ppm produced the largest inhibition zone (10.03 ± 1.27 mm), which was statistically comparable to that of chloramphenicol (F = 91.34; p < 0.01). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed structural damage to A. hydrophila cells, including membrane disruption and lysis. This study introduces a new approach utilizing the ethyl acetate fraction of C. ternatea, combined with fractionation techniques and SEM imaging, to evaluate antibacterial activity. It offers potential for the development of environmentally friendly natural antibacterial agents for the aquaculture industry Keywords: Clitoria ternatea, Aeromonas hydrophila, ethyl acetate fraction, antibacterial activity.
Antifungal Potential of Ethanol Extract of Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L) Leaves in Inhibiting the Growth of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Active Compound Profile Luh Made Ary Somia Vagestini; A.A.S.A Sukmaningsih, Retno Kawuri; Insani, Dinda Nur Malik
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.46

Abstract

Candida albicans is a pathogenic fungus that causes candidiasis and has developed resistance to several antifungal drugs. Ketapang (Terminalia catappa L.) leaves contain active compounds with antimicrobial properties which can developed as an alternative antifungal agents. This study aimed to analyze the antifungal activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract of ketapang leaves against C. albicans ATCC 10231 and identify its active compounds. Antifungal assays and MIC tests were conducted using the well diffusion method. Extract partitioning, column chromatography, and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to identify active compounds. Terminalia catappa leaves extract showed the highest inhibition at 20% concentration with a 20.32 ± 0.39 mm inhibition zone and an MIC of 0.1% with a 9.19 ± 0.04 mm zone. The active compounds were found to be polar. Column chromatography yielded seven fractions, none of which exhibited antifungal activity individually. However, when all fractions were combined, a 14.60 ± 0.35 mm inhibition zone was observed. LC-MS analysis identified nine bioactive compounds, five of which, methoxybenzoic acid, cyanidin, pelargonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside, pelargonidin 3-(6-p-coumaroyl)glucoside, and adamantane-1-carboxylate, are known for antifungal properties. These findings suggest that ketapang leaf extract holds potential as an antifungal agent against C. albicans ATCC 10231, with its activity relying on the combined effect of its active compounds. Keywords: MIC, pathogen, resistance, synergistic
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025 Jsmartech Admin
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): JSMARTech Volume 6, No 2, 2025
Publisher : JSMARTech

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2025.006.02.i

Abstract

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