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Muhammad Ridwan
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bukharyahmedal@gmail.com
Phone
+6281375313465
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bukharyahmedal@gmail.com
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Komplek Jasari Muslim Jl. Perjuangan, Bandar Klippa, Percut Sei Tuan, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara 20371, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education Journal (Birle Journal)
ISSN : 26552647     EISSN : 26551470     DOI : DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birle
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE-Journal) is a peer reviewed journal published in February, May, August, November welcome research paper in language, linguistics, oral tradition, literature, arts, education and other related fields which is published in both online and printed versions.
Articles 681 Documents
Students' Creative Thinking Skills Based on Metaphysics zebua, Sri husnayati; Yusmarina, Rina; Kurniawan, Ari; Wibowo, Moh. Ali; Imran, Zulfi
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v7i4.7999

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the creative thinking skills of students based on Spiritual metaphysics in order to determine the factors that influence the student’s creative thinking skills based on Spiritual Metaphysics. The research method is applied qualitatively with a case study method. The research sample is students of Philosophy Science Study Program totaling 20 students. This research was conducted on odd semester Philosophy Study Program students in the 2022/2023 academic year. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and interviews with students. Data analysis techniques by reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the analysis were carried out to test the validity of the research data with data triangulation. The results showed a variation in the creative thinking skills of Philosophy students with a low category of 45%, medium 30% and high 25%. The conclusion of the research shows that the factors that influence creative thinking skills are intelligence, knowledge, mindset, personality, motivation, and environment. The implication of the research is that it can determine the appropriate Metaphysics learning model to improve the creative thinking competence of Philosophy students.
Assessing the learning outcomes of 8th-grade students from the National Exam in 2023 in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia Goshu, Belay Sitotaw; Abas, Ermias; Fitria, Fitria
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v7i4.7964

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to assess and examine the learning objectives attained by eighth-grade students who took part in the 2023 National Exam in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. The study's descriptive research design gathers data on academic performance in the eighth grade. Every primary school, both private and public, was selected. Data was gathered from the education bureau using the academic roster for the 2023 national test. The descriptive approach was used to evaluate the student's progress toward the next level and their academic accomplishment. Using Python 3.11 software, the assessment was completed by classifying the students based on their mother tongue. The findings of the study indicated that in the Afan Somali stream, the average grade points for pupils in the academic year 2023 were 28.2 , 22.3 21.2 , 16.7 , 20.5 , and, 20.0 , respectively, in the fields of the Afan Somali language, English, citizenship, mathematics, social studies, and general science.  The average grade points for students in the Afan Oromo stream in the academic year 2023 were 28.4 , 20.3 20.4 , 17.1 , 22.6 , and 21.0 , respectively, in the fields of the Afan Somali language, English, citizenship, mathematics, social studies, and general science. Moreover, in Amharic, the average grade points for pupils in the academic year 2023 were 33.2 , 22.6 19.9 , 18.5 , 22.6 , and, 21.2 , respectively, in the fields of Amharic, English, citizenship, mathematics, social studies, and general science. According to these results, 26.4% of students who received scores higher than 50% and 73.6% of students who received scores lower than 50% were advanced to the next grade. However, the study suggests that primary schools should be equipped with the tools required to support high academic achievement. It is imperative to look for teachers who possess the necessary training, experience, aptitude for learning, and teaching abilities. According to their mother tongue languages, kids' academic performance varies, as evidenced by the results, which highlights the need for customized teaching strategies. The recommendations of the study for areas that warrant more investigation, such as studies on instructional materials and teacher quality carried out in elementary schools to get complete comparisons and identify other factors influencing learning results.
Integrating ICT to Enhance School Functioning: A Case Study of Lutheran Schools in Fianarantsoa, Madagascar Sahala, Rakotomalalaridio Antsa; Narindra, Ratiarimananjatovo; Daniel José, Razakatiana Andriamampitasoa; Zo, Ratsimandisa Haritiana; Razanamiariso, Rakotomalala Nivomboahangy; Daniel, Razafindrazanakolona Andrianjafimanjato; Ratsimbazafy, Ratsimbazafy; Baholy, Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Februa
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i1.8027

Abstract

This study investigates the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Lutheran schools in Fianarantsoa, Madagascar. Through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and school principals, and document analysis, the study examines the current level of ICT integration and identifies key challenges and opportunities. Findings reveal significant discrepancies between established best practices and actual classroom practices in areas such as administrative organization, pedagogical approaches, and didactic methods. Notably, teacher training in ICT integration is crucial, requiring a structured approach that addresses pedagogical skills, resource utilization, and the development of student-centered learning environments. The study emphasizes the importance of leveraging ICTs to enhance teaching and learning, foster student engagement, and improve overall educational outcomes in the context of Lutheran schools in Fianarantsoa.
Perception and Use of Social Media as News Sources by Undergraduate Students of Caleb and Leadcity Universities Akande, Emme; Falobi, Funmi; Akin-Odukoya, Omolara Oluwabusayo; Ajasa, Omobolarinwa; Ridwan, Muhammad
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 7, No 4 (2024): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Novemb
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v7i4.7984

Abstract

Social media enable users to engage with others and present themselves selectively to a wide or specific audience. These platforms enable real-time interaction and content creation, which are valued by users. Social media has significantly impacted how people socialise and connect on a global scale, bringing about significant changes in social dynamics. This study examines the perception and use of social media as news sources by undergraduate students of Caleb and Leadcity universities students. The research has the following objectives: to examine patterns of mass communication undergraduates’ use social media, to identify what factors motivate mass communication undergraduates to use social media and to determine the perceptions of mass communication undergraduates about social media. The research made use of Media Richness Theory. The purposive sampling method was used for this study. The population of the study consisted of all mass communication undergraduate students of Caleb University and Leadcity University and 400 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents. The study discovered that a large number of people make-use of social media regularly and spend nothing less than an hour every-day. The study also discovered that most students use social media for timely updated information, they use it to communicate regularly. Equally, the students also used it for alternative view points on an issue.
Exploring the Issue of Alienation in Orwell’s Animal Farm through the Eyes of Marxism S. Ali, Fares Mohammed; Ubale, Anand; Abdulla, Ali Fadhel Mohmmed
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Februa
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i1.8039

Abstract

Orwell included the issue of alienation in almost major of his writings particularly his famous book Animal Farm. The current research paper highlights the major argument of the Marxist approach which is alienation throughout Animal Farm. In this regard, the researcher focuses largely on the critical-analytical study of the idea of alienation based on the Marxist point of view. A deep exploration is paid to the analysis of all forms that are closely related to the concept of alienation concerning socio-political alienation, economic alienation, self-alienation, psychological alienation, and religious alienation. Based on the rereading of the whole incidents of the book, the present study investigates the major concept of Marxism namely alienation in the light of the Marxist perspective. It is seen that both ruling authority groups either the previous Manor Farm that is led by Mr. Jones or the latter the Animal Farm that is led by the Pigs, Old Major before revolution and Napoleon and Snowball after revolution practiced alienation on their subjects in order to dominate them.    
Influence of Fuel Subsidy Removal on Motivation, Attitude and Job Performance of Teachers in Secondary Schools in Jos North Local Government Area Olayinka, Shittu Lukman; Chamami, M Rikza
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Februa
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i1.8044

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of fuel subsidy removal on motivation, attitude and job performance of teachers in secondary schools in Jos North LGA of Plateau State. The study was guided by five objectives and five research questions were also answered. Two null hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study used a cross-sectional survey research design. The population of the study was all the 507 secondary school teachers across the twenty-two registered public schools in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State. For the purpose of this study, the researcher used a sample size of 200 teachers selected from the population of 507 teachers using simple random sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was developed by the researcher for data collection in the study. The reliability was established at 0.71. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS. The analysis revealed among other things that the attitude of teachers towards teaching are affected by the removal of fuel subsidy because it cost the teachers to spend more and bear more financial burden.  The study recommended among other things that there should be proper planning before removal of fuel subsidy by the government and the policies should be well implemented and also that teachers welfare should be prioritized and improve to enable teachers.    
Internet Surfing and Television Viewing Habits among Senior Secondary School Students in Ikorodu, Lagos Nigeria Akin-Odukoya, Omolara Oluwabusayo; Owens-Ibie, Nosa
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Februa
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i1.8051

Abstract

This study investigates the internet surfing and television viewing habits of senior secondary school students in Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria. It aims to identify patterns, preferred content, time spent, and the impact on academic performance, social interactions, and lifestyle. Survey method was adopted to generate data and Cultivation Theory was employed in the study to address the subject under investigation. While these platforms provide valuable learning and entertainment opportunities, balanced use is crucial to mitigate potential negative effects on academic performance and health. The study revealed that students are fairly exposed to the usage of internet and television for information seeking usefulness contributes significantly to the relationship between students' involvement with salient issues as news and use of surfing as a relevant source as students were mostly motivated to read from the internet and television as part of daily news consumption. The patterns of internet surfing and television viewing habits vary significantly across different demographics, reflecting the influence of age, socioeconomic status, technological advancements, and cultural preferences. The findings highlight the influence of digital and television media on this demographic and provide recommendations for balanced media consumption. This study highlights the significant role of internet and television media in the lives of senior secondary school students. The habits surrounding internet surfing and television viewing reflect the growing integration of technology and media in daily life. While these platforms offer opportunities for learning, connectivity, and entertainment, it is essential to adopt strategies that mitigate their potential drawbacks. A collaborative approach involving individuals, families, educators, and policymakers can foster a balanced and healthy media consumption culture.
Student Pastor Models: The Incarnation of the Kenosis Josette, Ramarolahy Patricia; Baholy, Robijaona Rahelivololoniaina
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, Februa
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i1.8057

Abstract

When we talk about the Church, we usually think about the Pastors. Therefore, in order for our country to develop, the Church must recognize the importance of pastoral formation to ensure a relevant and effective proclamation of the Gospel. The present situation, however, indicates that individuals attach little importance to pastoral training. As a result, even pastors don't express much interest in considering the pastoral training center. The behavior and attitude of pastors toward their ministry have also changed. His behavior no longer meets the requirements of the Holy Scriptures. Today's pastors are becoming more materialistic. The spiritual side is no longer valued. It is important to write this article to make people aware that humility is one of the qualities needed in pastors. It sets an example for others to adopt a humble lifestyle. The humility of Jesus Christ is truly embodied in Him. In this article, we want to restore the value of theological education in the church and encourage a change of attitude and behavior in future pastors. That's why they need to be pastors who are determined to live humbly in order to serve as an example to others and to succeed in their mission. Therefore, the expected outcome of this article is to encourage pastors to imitate Jesus and to make Jesus a good example of behavior to follow. And also, to lead them to become witnesses of Jesus Christ and to live in true faith in the fear of God. However, what Pastors need to be aware of is that even if this teaching is given, it will not be fruitful if they are not spiritually mature. And the changes in them will not be achieved unless they have the conviction that they are truly people called by God to be Pastors.    
Undergraduate Social Studies Students' Perceptions of the Challenges and Opportunities of Integrating Indigenous Governance Systems into Nigeria's Democratic Practices for Improved Governance Olayinka, Shittu Lukman; Ridwan, Muhammad
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, May
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i2.8062

Abstract

This study examined undergraduate social studies students' perceptions of the challenges and opportunities of integrating indigenous governance systems into Nigeria's democratic practices for improved governance. The study was guided by three objectives and three corresponding research questions were answered. The study tested two null hypotheses. A survey research design, specifically a cross-sectional survey, was adopted to facilitate the collection of first-hand data from undergraduate Social Studies students at the University of Jos. The study population comprised 416 students across four levels, from which a sample of 100 was selected using a simple random sampling technique to ensure fairness and representativeness. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire titled Students' Questionnaire which was subjected to content validity by experts. The reliability was established at 0.79. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statics of mean and standard deviation for answering research questions and t-test was used to test hypothesis one and hypothesis two was tested using PPMC through SPSS. The analysis revealed among other things that that, Nigeria’s current democratic system faces significant challenges in addressing socio-economic problems. It also revealed that, traditional governance structures hold significant value in maintaining order, promoting cultural identity, and fostering community-based problem-solving mechanisms among others. The study concluded that a hybrid governance approach, incorporating the strengths of indigenous governance within the democratic framework, could enhance governance effectiveness and foster socio-economic development. The study recommended among other things that, Institutional reforms should be implemented to strengthen democratic structures, ensuring transparency, effective policy implementation, and stronger institutions that can address socio-economic challenges more efficiently. And that civic education programmes should be expanded to promote awareness of indigenous governance systems and their potential contributions to democratic governance, fostering a more inclusive and participatory political culture among others.
Criticism of the Minimal Use of Linguistics as a Solution to Civilization Problems Siregar, Iskandarsyah
Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education, May
Publisher : BIRCU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birle.v8i2.8078

Abstract

This article critically examines the marginal role of linguistics in addressing global civilizational challenges, despite the discipline’s capacity to interpret, deconstruct, and reshape human understanding across domains such as politics, culture, education, health, and the environment. Through a qualitative methodology grounded in critical discourse analysis, the study investigates why linguistic science remains underutilized in interdisciplinary strategies aimed at solving complex societal problems. Findings reveal three interrelated factors: institutional marginalization of linguistic expertise in policy design, persistent positivist biases that favor quantitative disciplines over interpretive ones, and widespread public misconceptions of linguistics as a narrow or purely theoretical field. The study also presents successful case studies—ranging from post-genocide reconciliation in Rwanda to ecological knowledge preservation in Amazonian communities and strategies to counter digital misinformation—that highlight the transformative potential of applied linguistics when substantively integrated. These examples underscore how linguistics contributes uniquely to framing narratives, decoding ideologies, and designing culturally grounded solutions. The article concludes by calling for a reimagining of interdisciplinary collaboration that positions linguistics as central—not peripheral—in knowledge production and policy formation. Ultimately, it argues that the integration of linguistic perspectives is essential for building more ethical, inclusive, and sustainable civilizational futures.    

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