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Muhammad Ridwan
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Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx Journal)
Published by Budapest International Research and Critics University Journal
ISSN : 26557835     EISSN : 26557827     DOI : DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birex
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Physics Transportation
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx-Journal) is a peer reviewed journal published in January, April, July, October welcome research paper in Medical Science, Agriculture Science, Biological Science, Engineering Science and other related areas and it is published in both online and printed version
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Material (semua kategori) - Ilmu Material (Lain-Lain)
Articles 270 Documents
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The Use of Liquid Organic Fertilizer As Growth Media and Production of Kangkung (Ipomoea reptans Poir) Hydroponics Dali Andrian; Ahmad Rafiqi Tantawi; Abdul Rahman
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2019): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v1i1.132

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of different concentrations of liquid fertilizer with hydroponic planting media on kale production. The research method used was Randomized Completely Factorial Design with 2 factors: POC cocoa skin and cocoa poc added with cow dung. This study consisted of 16 treatment combinations each repeated 2 times. So there are 32 units of the whole experiment. Parameters observed include: percentage of growth, plant height, number of leaves (leaf), leaf area (), measuring leaf color, wet weight of harvest, wet weighted weighing, root length measurement. Based on the results of research that has been carried out can be concluded as follows: Provision of liquid organic fertilizer from cocoa leather and organic fertilizer liquid cow dung on the growth and production of kale plants showed unequal generative growth. The dosage of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) given by kangkung plantation has no effect on the increase of observed parameters from plant height, leaf number, leaf color, leaf area, and wet weight of the plant. In the excess of nutrient elements
A Review of Inconvertibility of Iran Nuclear Deal into an International Treaty Mojtaba Mireh Gini; Maryam Sedaghat
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2019): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v1i2.230

Abstract

International treaties become legal rules based on a social reality. The lawyers are convinced that JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action) is something novel and this has led them to identify the type of this agreement and to understand the scope of the requirements and obligations of the parties to the negotiations. The present study, based on analytical-descriptive method and by using the documents available in this field, has examined the differences and reasons for not converting Iran’s nuclear deal into an international treaty, and by understanding the nature of this contract, ultimately concludes that such an agreement, because it is more political in nature based on the distribution of power and the power equation in the international arena rather than having a legal nature, therefore it cannot be converted into an international treaty.
Comparison between Ocimum Sanctum Hepatoprotector Extract and Curcuma Xanthorrhiza on the Histological Structure of Aspartame-Induced Wistar Rats Des Suryani; Humairah Medina Liza Lubis
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 1, No 4 (2019): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v1i4.476

Abstract

The use of aspartame is still controversial, because there are studies stating that aspartame is safe to use, and there are studies suggesting aspartame has the potential to damage the liver, but aspartame has been approved by the FDA and BPOM in Indonesia with a daily dose of 50 mg / kg / day, the level of public knowledge we are still low to allow this dose to be overtaken, coupled with the presence of several food products that do not include the content of aspartame, basil leaves have been known to have hepatoprotector effect, but the dosage is still varied, and no researchers have compared curcuma Xanthoriza which is herbal medicine that has been quite well accepted in the community, Objective: to compare the hepatoprotector effect of basil leaf extract with xanthoriza curkuma, Method: Laboratory experimental study with posttest only with control group design. Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups and treated for 30 days. This study analyzed the histopathology of liver using paraffin histotechnics blocks, with HE staining and light microscopy. Analysis of degeneration degree using Kruskal-walis analysis post Hoc Mann-Whitney Results showed an increase in the degree of degeneration in the aspartame group at a dose of 100 mg / kgbb / day (p <0.05) compared to the normal group and treatment. Use of aspartame past the ADI dose damaged the liver, kurkuma and basil leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg / kg has the same protective effect on aspartame-induced rat liver, conclusions: aspartame is toxic for the liver, the use of basil leaf extract at a dose of 300 mg / kg / day or kurkuma xhantoriza extract can reduce the toxicity of aspartame.
Correlation of Fried Snacks Intake with Free Radicals and Obesity in Elementary School Children Ummi Hidayati; Albiner Siagian; Etti Sudaryati
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2020): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, January
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v2i1.698

Abstract

The increase in degenerative disease and obesity is mainly caused by lifestyle, eating pattern, and activities. Obesity can cause death throughout the world. It affected 349 million children and adolescents (5-19 years old) in 2016. The objective of this research was to find out the correlation of fried snacks intake with free radicals, and obesity. The research used quantitative method with cross sectional design. The samples were 56 students of elementary school, taken by using purposive sampling technique. The result of the research showed that 50 students (84.7%) had normal free radicals in their bodies and 9 students (15.3%) had high free radicals. There were 11 students (18.6%) who were obese and 48 students (81.4%) were not. The result of pearson correlation test showed that there was significant correlation of the number of energy, carbohydrates, fat contribution in fried snacks with free radical content (MDA analysis) at respective p-value of 0.004, 0.005, and 0.026. The result of correlation test showed that there was the correlation between fat nutrient intake in fried snacks and obesity (p=0.012). Reducing consuming fried snacks is one of the ways to decrease the effect of free radicals in school children’s bodies.
Modeling the Influence of Surface Free Energy on Moisture Damage of Recycled Asphalt Concrete Saad Issa Sarsam; Rana Khalid Hamdan
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2020): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v2i2.875

Abstract

Recycling is a sustainable process for restoration of the pavement quality. In this investigation, aged binder was recycled by digestion with (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5) % of polyethylene and crumb rubber. The recycled binder was implemented in the preparation of Marshal specimens. The surface free energy of the control and recycled binder was determined using the Sessile drop method. Specimens were tested under repeated indirect tensile and double punching shear stresses with the aid of pneumatic repeated load system (PRLS). Another group of specimens was tested for moisture damage, then subjected to the same loading sequence. Specimens were subjected to 1200 load repetitions under stress level of 0.138 MPa at 25 °C. The load was sustained for 0.1 second followed by 0.9 seconds of rest period. The permanent deformation was measured before and after moisture damage process for each testing technique. Regression analysis is used to develop a model for the influence of surface free energy on the deformation and the moisture damage using the SPSS Software. It was concluded that the obtained model can explain 82 % of the variation in moisture damage due to the influence of surface free energy.
Pediatric Erosive Gastritis: A Case Report Sulaiman Yusuf; Intan Chaharunia Mulya
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 2, No 3 (2020): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v2i3.1064

Abstract

Dyspepsia is a common gastrointestinal disorder which needs diagnostic examination test using endoscopy. Pediatric erosive gastritis, the case presented, is one of the diagnosis confirmed after endoscopy examination test which is mostly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.  A 10-year-old boy was presented to emergency department complaining cyclic vomiting, heartburn and constipation. Further inquiry revealed that similar progressive condition was also complained one year ago prompting endoscopy examination test to find out the underlying etiology. Erosive gastritis and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) were confirmed after examination. Investigation of Helicobacter pylori infection with fecal examination test was impossible due to constipation. Erosive gastritis is a gastric mucous inflammation commonly caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. The clinical manifestation of gastritis tends to be asymptomatic until a pathological component is found. Any pathology suspicion of the gastric lining may require further endoscopy examination test. The therapy of paediatric erosive gastritis includes Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), sucralfate  sucralfate as also lifestyle modification could improve children’s condition. In conclusion, paediatric erosive gastritis is an organic disorder of gastric lining treated by Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI), sucralfate and symptomatic agents for associated symptoms.  Helicobacter pylori is often associated with erosive gastritis so that further examination is needed.
Effect of Heavy Metal Spread on River Flows from Gold Mining Toward Water Biota in Batang Gadis Mandailing Natal River Yusni Atifah; Fatma Suryani Harahap
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2019): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v2i1.222

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out the river water quality in terms of the spread of heavy metals found from the gold mining in Batang Gadis Mandailing Natal River and to determine the effect of heavy metal distribution on river flow from the gold mining of aquatic biota on the Batang Gadis Mandailing Natal River. This research uses descriptive exploratory method by conducting a survey first. Determination of sampling sites using purposive sampling method at the two stations that are determined. Sampling of water and sediments from each location. Water samples were taken as much as 500 mL, samples of sediment were taken at a depth of 10-15 cm from the base surface as much as 100-200 g (Mann, 1978). Examples of water biota are randomly taken at each station as much as 50-100 g, then put together into a composite sample for further analysis in the laboratory. Water quality is measured insitu include temperature, brightness, turbidity, depth, current speed, pH, DO, CO2. While the COD sample, BOD was taken to the laboratory to be analyzed by preservation using ice at a temperature of around 4 oC before observing in the UMTS biology laboratory. Data obtained, then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study are the levels of heavy metals found in the two Batang Gadis River observation stations that are equally good in water, sediment and those found in fish, namely Hg <0,0008, Cd <0,003 and Pb <0,005. Metal levels found are still below the threshold value, but need to be aware of the accumulation of these metals. The histological observations of crisp fish gills at the Bustak mine station are found to experience edema and necrosis which are strongly suspected to be caused by pollution of heavy metals found in the Batang Gadis River. The histological observations of crisp fish liver at the Bustak mine station are found to experience necrosis which is allegedly caused by heavy metal pollution found on the Batang Gadis River
Southern Tapanuli Society Perception of Pulmonary TB Health and Diseases Fahmi, Ismail; Badaruddin, Badaruddin; Rochadi, R. Kintoko; Lubis, Rahayu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 1, No 3 (2019): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, July
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v1i3.440

Abstract

Community empowerment programs to tackle pulmonary TB have never been implemented in South Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Difficulties in designing interventions related to the socio-cultural community are one of the reasons. This study aims to understand people's perceptions of pulmonary TB health and disease and understand how the community prevents pulmonary TB. Qualitative research was carried out through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. Participants were chosen purposively based on socioeconomic status, community / religious / adat leaders, and community health center officials, and government health officials. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The results of the analysis summarize the eight categories of statements that most often appear, namely: (1) Pulmonary TB is a dangerous disease; (2) the causes of pulmonary TB disease; (3) stigma related to pulmonary TB; (4) pulmonary TB treatment; (5) prevention of pulmonary TB; (6) information sources; (7) the role of community / religious / adat leaders; and (8) community action patterns. These eight categories are grouped into three domain structures, namely: (1) people's perception of pulmonary TB disease; (2) how to prevent pulmonary TB; and (3) health promotion strategies. The theme of deliberation, consensus, cooperation, and harmony that is identical to Dalihan Na Tolu's philosophy emerged as the perception of the people of South Tapanuli towards pulmonary TB disease.
Pratiques alimentaires des mères et malnutrition infantile dans le district de santé de Pitoa : Etude cas-témoin Benjamin Azike Chukuwchindun; Andre Pascal Goura; Landry Bitaa Beyala; Anthony Njimbia Chebe; Andre Izacar Gael Bita; Joliette Azakoh Nguefack; Jerome Ateudjieu
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 1, No 4 (2019): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, October
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v1i4.486

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health thread in Africa and Cameroon as well. A study of mothers’ feeding practices and child malnutrition can contribute to identify and optimise interventions to control malnutrition. Methods: This was an analytical case/control study with a simple random sampling.Data sources were a literature review to estimate the prevalence of referred malnutrition of children, a community detection of cases and controls. A total of 386 children were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of referred infant malnutrition was 47.89% (95% CI [45.58, 50.2]). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 to 29 months. Inappropriate feeding practices significantly increased the risk of malnutrition in children with OR = 3.44 [2.05; 5.76] (P˂0.05). After adjustment by the confounding factors we obtained an adjusted OR = 3.19 [2.08; 6.35] (P = 0.0007). The most common inappropriate feeding practices were: food taboos, non-fortified porridge, early or late introduction of supplementary foods. Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition remains very high in the health district of Pitoa. Poor feeding practices significantly increase the risk of malnutrition. Efficient interventions would include nutritional education and popularization of rich local foods.
The Discernment of Ekiti Ethnic Tribe of South Western Nigeria on Wild Edible Vegetables Joshua Kayode; Modupe Janet Ayeni; Eunice Damilola Akinbinu; Grace Damilola Ogunrotimi
Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences (BirEx) Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2020): Budapest International Research in Exact Sciences, April
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birex.v2i2.869

Abstract

The discernment of Ekiti people on the wild edible vegetables (WEVs) was conducted in the three senatorial districts of Ekiti State through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire matrix. The interviews were focused, conversational and two-way in communication. Also the abundance of each of the identified WEVs was determined. The respondents transcend sex, age and literacy status though most of them were females, mostly adults of over 25 years, illiterates, mostly of low economic status and engaged in agricultural activities yet these socio-economic classifications were not pre-requisites to their consciousness on the WEVs. A total of 51 WEVs belonging to 30 families were valued for medicine and nutrition in the study area with the family Asteraceae having the highest number of species. The leaves constituted the major part used in the identified WEVs. The diseases managed and/ prevented by these WEVs were classified into 37 groups while 40 of the WEVs were recognized as sources of vitamins and minerals by the respondents. The need to ensure sustainability of the WEVs in a manner that would improve the dietary and health conditions of the indigenous people of the study area was identified.

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