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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
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Articles 25 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026" : 25 Documents clear
Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Bisbul (Diospyros discolor Willd.) Seedlings to Varying Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) Rismona, Nurwani; Hamim, Hamim; Ning Tyas, Kartika; Damayanti, Frisca; Kusumaningtyas Pitaloka, Mutiara; Putri Maulida, Azkia; Triadiati, Triadiati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.278-287

Abstract

Artificial light at night (ALAN) can significantly affect plant physiology, as many physiological processes are light-dependent. However, studies investigating the specific effects of ALAN on plants remain limited. This study aimed to assess the impact of ALAN on the growth and metabolite composition of bisbul (Diospyros discolor Willd.). The experiment was conducted in Nursery 2 of the Bogor Botanical Gardens over 12 months. A split-plot factorial design was employed with three replications, each consisting of three one-year-old seedlings. The main plots were assigned to light color treatments (control, red, green, and blue), subplots to light intensity levels (control, high, and low), and sub-subplots to illumination durations (0, 1, 6, or 12 hours) applied for 0, 2, or 7 nights/week. ALAN treatments were administered continuously for one year. The results indicated that blue light significantly increased leaf senescence, particularly under BH-6(2), BH-12(2), and BH-12(7) treatments. Conversely, high-intensity red light reduced plant height, shoot dry mass, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll content. Metabolite profiling revealed decreased levels of secondary metabolites such as caffeic acid and catechin, while compounds such as nicotinamide, L-proline, linolenic acid, and coumarin increased. These findings suggest that prolonged exposure (6-12 hours) to high-intensity red or blue light can disrupt circadian rhythms and impair physiological functions.
Enhanced Lipase Production in Pichia pastoris via Multiple Copies of Bacterial Lipase Genes and Co-expression of the HAC1 Gene Puspitasari, Esti; Rustam, Yepy Hardi; Satya, Andreas Adhi; Suwanto, Antonius; Wahyudi, Aris Tri; Astuti, Rika Indri
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.288-296

Abstract

The hac1 gene, a key regulator of the untranslated protein response (UPR), was co-expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115 to enhance the production of a lipase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus. Multicopy lipase constructs (1X and 4X) were transformed with pPICZAwbe_hac1, generating GS115/T1.2RQ(1X)_hac1 and GS115/T1.2RQ(4X)_hac1 strains. The GS115/T1.2RQ(1X)_hac1 strain showed an 186% lipase activity after 120 hours versus the control (100%), while the GS115/T1.2RQ(4X)_hac1 strain showed a faster initial increase (38% at 48 hours) and 28% at 120 hours, which was beneficial for efficient enzyme production. Overexpression of the hac1 gene enhances lipase production because it activates UPR genes when the endoplasmic reticulum is stressed due to a large number of recombinant proteins and forms proteins that are not appropriately folded. SDS-PAGE and tributyrin plate assays confirmed extracellular lipase expression (~43 kDa). These results demonstrate that hac1 co-expression significantly (p = 0.01)  enhances lipase production in Pichia pastoris, especially in lower-copy constructs. This is the first report of co-expressing hac1 with Geobacillus stearothermophilus lipase genes in yeast. The findings are expected to contribute to developing more efficient microbial cell factories for producing industrial enzymes.
Biotransformation of the Textile Dye Reactive Black 5 with Aspergillus niger and Analysis of Ligninolytic Enzyme Activity Prawitasari, Diah Ayu; Kardena, Edwan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.297-309

Abstract

Removal of textile dye using biological processes is considered more cost-effective, generates no hazardous byproducts, and is ecologically friendly. This study analyzes the removal of the synthetic dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5) using the biological agent Aspergillus niger. The Treatment occurred in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a mixture of dye solution. The preliminary research treatment involved varying dye concentrations, which were then analyzed by examining enzyme activity and fungal growth at different shaker rotations. The initial findings on concentration variation indicated that it was effectively removed up to approximately 90%. Further research determined that the highest concentration, 200 ppm, was used. The results obtained with rotation variations up to the sixth day were 95% for 100 rpm and 93% for 150 rpm. Dye removal utilizes laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP), and manganese peroxidase (MnP) as degrading enzymes. The highest amount of enzyme activity was achieved at 100 rpm, corresponding to the most effective dye removal. The enzyme activity at the 100-rpm variation was observed for MnP (62.2 U/L), LiP (32.2 U/L), and laccase (16.6 U/L). The rapid growth of the Aspergillus niger fungus is associated with the biomass, which influences the biosorption mechanism. Biodegradation pathways indicate the cleavage of aromatic bonds, with toluene and propanoic acid identified as the final products.
Bacterial Community in Apis cerana and Heterotrigona itama Honey Using a Metabarcoding Approach Nurjanah, Nurjanah; Raffiudin, Rika; Lestari, Yulin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.310-320

Abstract

Honey is a healthy, natural product with high nutritional value that is converted from sugar in nectar by bacteria in the honey stomach of the bees. Several beneficial bacteria in honey produce bioactive compounds, such as Lactobacillus in Apis mellifera honey, which synthesizes lactic acid, bacteriocins, and enzymes. Here, we employed the metabarcoding technique using the 16S rRNA gene to identify the bacterial community in honey from A. cerana and Heterotrigona itama collected in Sukabumi Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Genomic DNA from both honey samples was isolated using the ZymoBIOMICSTM DNA miniprep kit before sequencing with the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platform. Our studies showed that the most dominant bacteria in the honey of A. cerana and H. itama were Paenibacillus glucanolyticus and Limosilactobacillus, respectively. In both types of honey, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were also detected, as well as lactic acid bacteria, including Acetilactobacillus jinshanensis and Limosilactobacillus. We also found Actinobacteria in A. cerana and H. itama honey. This genomic data showed that A. cerana honey has a higher bacterial diversity than H. itama. Our finding is the first genomic study of bacterial diversity found in the honey of A. cerana and H. itama that live sympatrically in a bee farm.
The Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on Massoia Lactone Production in Callus Culture of the Endangered Masoyi Plant (Cryptocarya massoy (Oken) Kosterm.) Aulia, Annisa; Noli, Zozy Aneloi; Idris, Muhammad
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.321-330

Abstract

Cryptocarya massoy (Oken) Kosterm is a plant known for producing essential oils with many applications. However, overexploitation has threatened the sustainability of this plant. This study aims to identify the effect of adding methyl jasmonate to the culture medium on producing secondary metabolites through the callus culture of C. massoy. The methods in this study include callus induction, callus elicitation in liquid culture, callus extraction, analysis of secondary metabolite compounds in C. massoy callus culture, and data analysis. The results show a significant decrease in fresh weight of callus exposed to MeJA stress, depending on the concentration. Regarding secondary metabolites, massoia lactone, the primary compound in C. massoy, was not detected. It is possible that the duration of elicitation was insufficient to induce the biosynthesis and accumulation of detectable levels of massoia lactone. Secondary metabolite production often follows a specific temporal pattern, and certain compounds may require longer exposure times to reach detectable concentrations. The concentration of MeJA influenced the level of other target compound production, where at 0.5 mM MeJA increased the percentage of humulene by 24.64%. MeJA at 1.5 mM enhanced the percentage of ß-copaene (413.11%), ß-ylangene (100%). MeJA at 2 mM increased benzyl benzoate (9.61%). MeJA at 2.5 mM increased α-ylangene (31.25%) and caryophyllene (22.83%). Each MeJA concentration activated specific biosynthesis pathways, influencing the types of secondary metabolites produced. The metabolite screening revealed a predominance of terpenoids, especially sesquiterpenes, which play a role in plant defense.
Molecular Characterization of Anisakis spp.: Potential Source of Fish-borne Zoonosis in Coastal Living Environment in Semarang, Indonesia Hitipeuw, Derico; Daud, Muhammad Muzhaffar; Nuranindita, Raisha; Diyana, Sutra; Amirudin, Fariha Akmalina; Rahayu, Aprillia Andika; Saputra, Edo Yungki; Qanita, Nabila Gusvie; Natanegara, Surya; Yuwanita, Mutiara Rizqi; Wusono, Ajeng Dwi; Martini, Martini; Muh, Fauzi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.345-359

Abstract

Anisakis spp. are marine nematodes known to cause anisakiasis, a zoonotic disease transmitted through fish consumption with diverse clinical manifestations. In Indonesia, a country with extensive marine biodiversity and high fish consumption, data on anisakiasis remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the Anisakis spp. from the most significant commercial fish market in Semarang, Indonesia. A total of 17 Rastrelliger sp. were sampled. PCR amplification targeting the mitochondrial COX2 gene was used to identify the species of Anisakis spp. molecularly. Phylogenetic relationships, nucleotide diversity, and neutrality indices were assessed. The haplotype structures were visualized using the Haplotype Network. Subsequently, 7 of 17 (41.17%)  Rastrelliger sp. samples were infected with A. typica. Molecular analysis revealed two species, A. typica and H. amoyense, with high haplotype diversity (1.00±0.016, diversity±SD). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two major clades: A. typica (Semarang and Southern Makassar) and H. amoyense (Semarang, China, and Bangladesh), with both species indicating high genetic connectivity. Neutrality indices suggested purifying selection and population expansion for both species (dN-dS = -5.017). These findings highlight the genetic variability and zoonotic potential of Anisakis spp. in the commercial fish market, emphasizing the need for surveillance of fish-borne parasitic infections in Indonesia.
Silicon Enhances Banana Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense through Ethylene Signaling Modulation and Root Tissue Protection Pambudi, Arief; Effendi, Yunus; Sudirman, Lisdar I; Miftahudin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.360-370

Abstract

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (Foc TR4) is an agent of banana's vascular wilt that severely hampers production. It has been indicated that silicon (Si) might play a role in plant defense, but the banana–Foc pathosystem mechanism needs to be investigated. This study aimed to assess the impact of Si supplementation on banana plant responses to Foc infection, particularly using a completely randomized design arranged in four treatments: Control, Foc, Si, and Si*Foc. The transcript levels of the ethylene-receptor (EIN1, EIN3), ethylene-response factor (ERF1, ERF2), and the defense marker PR4 were quantified using qRT-PCR. Phenotypic observation, corm lesion severity, and root anatomy were also evaluated. Results indicated that early ethylene signaling (EIN1, EIN3) was down-regulated, and ERF2 was up-regulated in the presence of Si during Foc infection. Foc-infected plants treated with Si displayed smaller lesion areas, greater root structural stability, and less aerenchyma formation. Plant growth reduction caused by Foc was also relieved by Si, showing increased root-to-shoot biomass ratios and modified leaf shape. Multivariate analysis validated differences in physiological and transcriptional patterns in Si*Foc plants. These results indicate that Si improves banana resistance to Foc by regulating ethylene-mediated defense, tissue integrity, and stress resistance.
Benthic Macroinvertebrates as Bioindicators of Water Quality of Krueng Aceh Watershed Based on the BMWP-ASPT Method Octavina, Chitra; Muchlisin, Zainal Abidin; Satriyo, Purwana; Hurzaid, Amirah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.382-393

Abstract

The Krueng Aceh watershed, vital to Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar, is increasingly threatened by ecological disruption from land-use changes that cause erosion, turbidity, and increased runoff. This study aimed to analyze the quality conditions of the Krueng Aceh River using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of BMWP-ASPT. The analysis was conducted from March to August 2024 and used a purposive sampling method. Observation stations were distributed at 10 points along the river, representing the upstream, middle, and downstream sections of the river. The upstream and middle sections of the river used surber nets, while the downstream section used PVC pipes to collect benthic macroinvertebrates. The assessment was based on community structure, the Biological Monitoring Working Party-Average Score Per Taxon (BMWP-ASPT) method, and physicochemical parameters of water and substrate. We recorded 29 macroinvertebrate families: 15 are in the original BMWP, and 14 additional families were incorporated to adapt the index. River health showed a clear longitudinal gradient, with upstream good, midstream moderate, and downstream poor, consistent with physicochemical patterns and downstream pressures. It is concluded that BMWP-ASPT is effectively adapted for diagnosing the condition of the Krueng Aceh watershed.
Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) Tuber Extract Modulated Gut Microbiota and Improved Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Mice Pangastuti, Artini; Anggraini, Putri Regita; Listyawati, Shanti; Sari, Siti Lusi Arum
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.371-381

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and has become a global health concern. Gut microbiota alterations significantly influence diabetes onset, which can be mitigated through prebiotic intake. Arrowroot tubers (Maranta arundinacea L.) possess prebiotic potential due to their oligosaccharide and dietary fiber content. This study evaluated the effects of arrowroot tuber extract on blood glucose, glucose tolerance, and gut microbiota composition in a T2DM mouse model. Tubers were macerated in ethanol, and BALB/c mice were fed a high-fat diet for five weeks, followed by streptozotocin injection (35 mg/kg) to induce T2DM. Mice received 150 mg of arrowroot tuber extract orally for 28 days. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 0, 14, and 28, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Cecal samples collected after four weeks underwent 16S rRNA sequencing, and data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA (p<0.05). Treatment with arrowroot tuber extract for 28 days reduced blood glucose levels by 40.5% and improved glucose tolerance. The extract modulated gut microbiota, decreasing harmful bacteria while increasing short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing genera such as Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Ligilactobacillus, and Alistipes. These results indicate that arrowroot tuber extract can beneficially alter gut microbiota composition and ameliorate hyperglycemia, suggesting its potential as a prebiotic-based therapeutic strategy for managing T2DM.
Transcriptomic Dissection of Long-Juvenility in Soybean: A Comparative Study of Grobogan Cultivar and Its Derivative Long Juvenile AP18 Line Rijzaani, Habib; Tasma, I Made
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 2 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.2.331-344

Abstract

The long juvenile (LJ) trait in soybean extends the vegetative phase, enabling cultivation in low-latitude regions. This study investigated transcriptomic differences between the Grobogan cultivar (control) and the AP18 (LJ) soybean line using RNA-seq. Young leaf tissues from plants at the vegetative stage were collected under field conditions and sequenced using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. After quality filtering and alignment to the soybean reference genome, 24,716 expressed transcripts were retained for analysis. Differential expression analysis identified 5,005 upregulated and 4,534 downregulated transcripts in AP18 relative to Grobogan. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the upregulation of genes involved in ribosome biogenesis and secondary metabolism, and the downregulation of genes related to photosynthesis and energy metabolism. While known LJ-related genes FT2A (E9) and ELF3B (J) showed differential expression, the magnitude was modest. These findings highlight widespread transcriptomic reprogramming associated with the LJ trait, providing insight into potential pathways that influence juvenile phase extension.

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