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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 1,077 Documents

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Isolation and Identification of Transforming Growth Factor β from In Vitro Matured Cumulus Oocyte Complexes . WIDJIATI; ARIEF BOEDIONO; SUTIMAN BAMBANG SUMITRO; AUCKY HINTING; . AULANI’AM; TRINIL SUSILOWATI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a two-chain polypeptide with molecular weight of 25 kDa which takes significant role in the steroidogenesis process. In the ovarian oocyte in particular, TGF-β has an important role in regulating reproductive function. TGF-β represents a key intrafollicular protein that regulates follicle development and aromatization process. The purpose of this research was to characterize and identify a protein fraction of TGF-β from the bovine isolated oocytes, which is synthesized during in vitro oocyte maturation process. Oocytes were collected from follicles with diameter of 3-8 mm. Oocytes were then matured in TCM 199 media supplemented with 5 μg/mg LH, 3% BSA, and 50 μg/ml gentamicin sulfate, and cultured in CO2 incubator (5%, 38.5 oC) for 20 hours. TGF-β receptors were identified immunohistochemically. Characteristics of the TGF-β protein were determined using SDS PAGE and TGF-β specification was tested using Western Blotting. The results showed that TGF-β receptors were identified and found in cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). TGF-β protein was isolated from bovine oocytes with molecular weight 25 kDa and it was identified by Western blotting methods in the same molecular weight.

The Occurrence of Hybrid in Nepenthes hookeriana Lindl. from Central Kalimantan can be Detected by RAPD and ISSR Markers KUSUMADEWI SRI YULITA; MUHAMMAD MANSUR
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Nepenthes spp. (Nepenthaceae) is one of the most popular ornamental plants in Southeast Asia. There are 97 species of Nepenthes to which 64 are found in Indonesia with the center of its diversity located in Borneo. N. x hookeriana was hypothesised to be a natural hybrid between N. ampullaria and N. rafflesiana on the basis of morphological characters. Several variants of each species were also known. This present study aimed to detect the occurrence of hybrid within N. x hookeriana ‘spotted’ and ‘green’ variant using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR). Five RAPD primers and three ISSR primers were used to amplify total DNA genome and produced 83 polymorphic bands ranging in size from 300-1700 bp. Clustering analysis was performed based on RAPD and ISSR profiles using the UPGMA method. The genetic similarity of the combined markers range between 0.30-0.75 indicating a narrow range of genetic similarity among the accessions. Results from cluster analyses suggested that N. x hookeriana was indeed a hybrid between N. ampullaria and N. Rafflesiana, however it was genetically more similar to N. raflessiana.

Soy Germ Protein With or Without-Zn Improve Plasma Lipid Profile in Metabolic Syndrome Women HERY WINARSI; SIWI PRAMATAMA MARS WIJAYANTI; AGUS PURWANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of soy germ protein on lipid profile of metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. Respondents were 30 women with criteria, i.e. blood glucose level > normal, body mass index > 25 kg/m2, hypertriglyceridemia, low cholesterol-HDL level, 40-65 years old, living in Purwokerto, and signed the informed consent. The project was approved by the ethics committee of the Medical Faculty from Gadjah Mada University-Yogyakarta. Respondents were divided into three randomly chosen groups consisting of ten women each. The first, second, and third groups were treated, respectively, with milk enriched soy germ protein plus Zn, milk enriched soy germ protein (without Zn), and placebo for two months. Blood samples were taken at baseline, one and two months after observation. Two months after observation the groups consuming milk enriched with soy germ protein, both with or without Zn, had their level of cholesterol-total decrease from 215.8 to 180.2 mg/dl (P = 0.03), triglyceride from 240.2 to 162.5 mg/dl (P = 0.02), and LDL from 154.01 to 93.85 mg/dl (P = 0.03). In contrast, HDL increased from 38.91 to 49.49 mg/dl (P = 0.0008). In conclusion, soy germ protein can improve lipid profile, thus it can inhibit atherosclerosis incident.

Toxicity Study of Antidiabetics Functional Drink of Piper crocatum and Cinnamomum burmannii MEGA SAFITHRI; SEDARNAWATI YASNI; MARIA BINTANG; ANNA SETIADI RANTI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Piper crocatum and Cinnamomum burmannii formulations is known to be a new diabetes functional drink. Thus, its toxicological profile needs to be studied. At present, the formulation was evaluated for the repeated dose toxicity study. The Sprague dawley albino rats were treated with P. crocatum and C. burmannii formulations (0, 630, 1260, and 1890 mg/kg) and administered orally for a period of 28 days in albino rats. The effects on body weight, food and water consumption, organ weight, hematology, clinical biochemistry as well as histology were studied. There were no significant differences in the body weight, organ weights and feeding habits between control and treated animals. Hematological analysis showed no marked differences in any of the parameters examined in either the control or treated groups. There were no significant changes that occurred in the blood chemistry analysis including glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, SGPT, and SGOT in experimental animals. Pathologically, neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were observed. The formulation of P. crocatum and C. burmannii was found safe in repeated dose toxicity studies.

Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Aluminum Stress in the Root of a Biodiesel Plant Jatropha curcas L. RADITE TISTAMA; UTUT WIDYASTUTI; DIDY SOPANDIE; AKIHO YOKOTA; KINYA AKASHI; . SUHARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

We investigated J. curcas responses to aluminum stress, histochemically and biochemically. Histochemical stainings were observed to analysis aluminum accumulation, lipid peroxidation and the loss of plasma membrane integrity on the surface and tissue of the root apex. Enzymatic analysis was conducted to measure malate content in leaf, root and malate efflux in the medium. We used M. malabathricum as a comparison for Al-tolerance plant. J. curcas root elongation was inhibited by 0.4 mM AlCl3, while M. malabathricum root elongation was inhibited by 0.8 mM AlCl3 treatment. Inhibition of root elongation has high correlation with Al accumulation in the root apex, which caused lipid degradation and cell death. Generally, malate content in J. curcas leaf and root was higher than that in M. malabathricum. In the contrary malate efflux from the root into the medium was lower. J. curcas root has a different pattern compared to M. malabathricum in malate synthesis and malate secretion when treated with a different Al concentration. We categorized J. curcas acc IP3 as more sensitive to aluminum than M. malabathricum.

Morphological Characters and Histology of Pheretima darnleiensis ANDY DARMAWAN; RIKA RAFFIUDIN; TRI HERU WIDARTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Pheretima darnleiensis is a native earthworm of Southeast Asia, India, and Japan. Although it is commonly found in Indonesia, the earthworm has never been studied well. This study was aimed to examine the morphological characters and structure of its several organs for an identification purpose, which is important for the earthworm culture. Earthworms were collected in a plot of 55-150 x 55-150 cm width and 20 cm depth at Bogor Agricultural University in Darmaga and Baranangsiang Campuses by hand sorting method. Examinations were carried out on its external as well as internal characters. The histology of the organs was studied using paraffin method. The observed characters on P. darnleiensis were the presence of prostate gland, one pair of male pores on segment XVIII, a cylindrical body with perichaetine setae, caeca on segment XXVII, copulatory pouches without diverticula and stalked glands, bithecal spermatheca with nephridia, and the first spermathecal pore on segment 4/5. In addition, other characters found on P. darnleiensis were the presence of an annular clitellum on segment XIV-XVI, an epilobus prostomium with open base, approximately 40 single pointed setae on segment XIII, one midventral female pore on segment XIV, one pair of lateroventral male pores on segment XVIII, four pairs of lateroventral spermathecal pores on segment 4/5, 5/6, 6/7, 7/8, and the first middorsal dorsal pore on segment 12/13. The histology of P. darnleiensis showed basic structure as found in other earthworms.

Anti Lithiasis Activity of Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Leaves Extract in White Male Rats IETJE WIENTARSIH; RINI MADYASTUTI; BAYU FEBRAM PRASETYO; ANGGARA ALDOBRATA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

In Indonesia, avocado leaves have been used as traditional medicines for diureticum to cure urolithiasis. This research was to determine anti lithiasis activity of avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill) extract on white male rats nefrolithiasis model induced by ethylene glycol. Ethanol extraction method was used to get extract of avogadro leaves. Twenty adult male white rats were divided into 4 different induction treatments i.e. aquadest, ethylene glycol 0.75% and ammonium chloride 2%, and extract of avocado leaves with different levels of 100 and 300 mg/kg bw respectively. Their body weight was measured daily to determine their growth ratio. And at the end of the trial, the kidney was analyzed its calcium level and inhibitory activity to formation of calcium oxalate crystals. The results showed that the amount of calcium level in the kidney of rats treated with extract of avogadro leaves was significantly decreased than that of rats treated with ethylene glycol 0.75% and ammonium chloride 2% (P < 0.05). The extract avocado leaves as a herbal remedy can be recommended as a phytotherapeutic agent especially for preventive action for urolithiasis diseases.

Increasing of Plasma Cholecystokinin Level and Jejunum Histological Changes After Treatment with Soybean Extracts Protein MEILINAH HIDAYAT; JEANNY ERVIE LADI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

It is well known that soybean has beneficial health effects. There are lot of active compounds in soybean, like protein and anti nutrition factors (ANF). Trypsin inhibitor and lectin, two kinds of ANF have an adverse effect on the morphology and function of digestive tract in animals. b-conglycinin in soybean protein, has been proven has reducing body weight effect through increasing cholecystokinin (CCK) level. The aim of this study was to measure plasma CCK level and the histological changes of jejunum in Wistar rats after treatment with protein extract of Willis raw soybean (PEWS), protein extract of Detam 1 raw soybean (PEDS) and protein extract of Detam 1 tempeh (PEDT) for 14 days. This study was also to ascertain whether b-conglycinin and ANF contribute to reducing body weight by giving PEWS, PEDS, and PEDT to 4 groups of 6 rats for 14 days. We observed food intake, body weight, CCK level, and histological profile of jejunum. As a conclusion, PEWS, PEDS, and PEDT treatment to Wistar Rats for 14 days caused increasing CCK plasma level and jejunum villi atrophy. The reducing body weight is caused not only by b-conglycinin but probably by ANF as well.

Isolation and Characterization of Chelonia mydas Myoglobin MOHAMAD SADIKIN; RINI PUSPITANINGRUM; SEPTELIA INAWATI WANANDI; RONDANG ROEMIATI SOEGIANTO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Green sea turtle – Chelonia mydas is a lung respiration animal that is able to dive and stay uder sea water for hours without needing to surface for oxygen. As oxygen supply in muscles is assured by myoglobin, we propose to study some characteristic of this muscle protein in green sea turtles. To achieve this objective, pure green sea turtle myoglobin has to be made available. Therefore, our first task is to purify this muscle protein from green sea turtles. Skeletal muscles from 3 green sea turtle hatchlings were studied microscopically and biochemically. Microscopy observation showed a general structure of striated muscle. Biochemical studies revealed that green sea turtle myoglobin could be more purely isolated to a certain degree by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and purified by immunoaffinity gel chromatography rather than direct purification by DEAE-Sepharose ion exchange chromatography technique. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that green sea turtle myoglobin ran together with horse myoglobin as 17 kDa molecular weight proteins

Molecular Phylogeny of Indonesian Armyworm Mythimna Guenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Hadeninae) Based on CO I Gene Sequences HARI SUTRISNO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Armyworm Mythimna Guenée is one of the most important pests on graminaceous crops and pastures in South East Asia (i.e. M. separata Walker is well known to cause serious damages on rice in Indonesia). Like of most other genera of moths, the systematic of this genus is still in dispute, especially on the taxonomy and classification within this genus due to their morphological characters that are very difficult to distinguish from one to others. Molecular approaches such as using CO I gene sequence to differentiate among species has been recommended since this gene has ability to reveal the character identity at the specific level. In order to populate the genetic characters of Indonesian Mythimna, to clarify the clasification within the genus Mythimna and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship among them, we analyzed 14 species of Mythimna and two species outgroups (Spodoptera litura dan S. exigua) based on nucleotide sequence variation across a 649 bp region in the CO I gene. Over entire 649 bp region 72% of the nucleotide positions were constant, 10.6% were uninformtive (i.e. any variants were found in a single sequence) and 16.9% were parsimony informative. The informative site constituted in the 3rd codon position was the highest, whereas in 2nd codon position was the lowest. The results also showed that the base composition of this region was low A + T biased. The results showed that the monophyly of Mytimna was supported by 95% bootstrap test at any tree building methods. The three subgenera based on morphology were recovered but M. (Mythimna) shown to be a paraphyletic group in term of M. (Hyphilare), and M. (Pseudalteia); M. (Mythimna) was branched off first then followed by M. (Pseudaletia) and M. (Hyphilare). However, all internal nodes were least support except for the monophyly of subgenus M. (Hyphilare). It indicates that the relationships among internal nodes proposed here were least valid due to the number of species included in the analysis which may not be enough to represent the real number of species in the nature. More investigation was needed by including more species and other genes.

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