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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

hayati
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 1,091 Documents

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Expression of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Myoglobin in Rat Heart as Adaptive Response to Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure Margaretha Herawati; . Wardaya; Wawan Mulyawan; Fanny Septiani Farhan; Frans Ferdinal; Sri Widia A. Jusman; Mohamad Sadikin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia on the expression hypoxia adaptation proteins, namely hypoxia inducibla factor-1a (HIF-1a) and myoglobin (Mb). Twenty five male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in a hypobaric chamber in Indonesian Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine, for 49.5 minutes at various low pressure, 1 week interval for 4 times (day 1, 8, 15 and 22). HIF-1α and Mb protein were measured with ELISA. mRNA expression of Mb was measured with one step real time RT-PCR. HIF-1α protein levels increased after induction of hypobaric hypoxia and continues to decrease after induction of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia 3 times (ANOVA, p = 0.0437). mRNA expression and protein of Mb increased after induction of hypobaric hypoxia and continues to decrease after induction of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia 3 times (ANOVA, p = 0.0283; 0.0170), and both are strongly correlated (Pearson, r = 0.6307). The heart of rats adapted to intermittent hypoxia conditions by upregulation the expression of HIF-1a and myoglobin and then both return to normal level.

Mammary Gland Cell Culture of Macaca fascicularis as a Reservoir for Stem Cells Silmi Mariya; Fitriya Nur Annisa Dewi; Irma Herawati Suparto; Gregory K. Wilkerson; J. Mark Cline; . Permanawati; Diah Iskandriati; I Nengah Budiarsa; Dondin Sajuthi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The mammary gland contains adult stem cells that are capable of self-renewal and are likely target for neoplastic transformation leading to breast cancer. In this study, we developed a cell culture derived from the mammary glands of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)(MfMC) and furthermore identified the expression of markers for stemness and estrogenreceptor-associated activities. We found that the primary culture can be successfully subcultured to at least 3 passages, primarily epithelial-like in morphology, the cultured cells remained heterogenous in phenotype as they expressed epithelial cell markers CD24, CK18, and marker for fibroblast S1004A. Importantly, the cell population also consistently expressed the markers of mammary stem cells (ITGB1 or CD29 and ITGA6 or CD49f), mesenchymal stem cells (CD73 and CD105) and pluripotency (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2). In addition to this, the cells were also positive for Estrogen Receptor (ER), and ER-activated marker Trefoil Factor 1, suggesting an estrogen responsiveness of the culture model. These results indicate that our cell culture model is a reliable model for acquiring a population of cells with mammary stem cell properties and that these cultures may also serve as a reservoir from which more purified populations of stem cell populations can be isolated in the future.

Where did Venomous Snakes Strike? A Spatial Statistical Analysis of Snakebite Cases in Bondowoso Regency, Indonesia Farid Rifaie; Tri Maharani; Amir Hamidy
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Snakebite envenomation in Indonesia is a health burden that receives no attention from stakeholders. The high mortality and morbidity rate caused by snakebite in Indonesia is estimated from regional reports. The true burden of this issue in Indonesia needs to be revealed even starting from a small part of the country. Medical records from a Hospital in Bondowoso Regency were the data source of the snakebite cases. Three spatial statistical summaries were applied to analyze the spatial pattern of snakebite incidents. The comparison between statistical functions and the theoretical model of random distributions shows a significant clustering pattern of the events. The pattern indicates that five subdistricts in Bondowoso have a substantial number of snakebite cases more than other regions. This finding shows the potential application of spatial statistics for the snakebite combating strategy in this area by identifying the priority locations of the snakebite cases.

The Effects of Audible Sound for Enhancing the Growth Rate of Microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis in Vegetative Stage Marcelinus Christwardana; H. Hadiyanto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Physico-stimulant like audible sound is one of the new promising methods for enhancing microalgae growth rate. Here, microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis was cultivated with the addition of audible sound with titles “Blues for Elle” and “Far and Wide.” The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of audible sound to the growth and productivity of microalgae. The experiment has been conducted by exposing the audible sound for 8 h in 22 days to microalgae cultivation. The result showed that microalgae H. pluvialis treated by the music “Blues for Elle” shows the highest growth rate (0.03 per day), and 58% higher than the one without audible sound. The average number of cells in stationary phase is 0.76 × 104 cells/mL culture and the productivity is 3.467 × 102 cells/mL/day. The pH of microalgae medium slightly decreases because of proton production during photosynthesisprocess. The kinetic rate constant (kapp) is 0.078 per day, reaction half-life (t1/2) is 8.89 days, and catalytic surface (Ksurf) is 1.66 × 10−5/day/cm2. In conclusion, this audible sound is very useful to stimulate microalgae growth rate, especially H. pluvialis.

Changes of Thymoquinone, Thymol, and Malondialdehyde Content of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in Response to Indonesia Tropical Altitude Variation . Herlina; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Ani Kurniawati; Didah Nur Faridah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 3 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Black cumin cultivated in many subtropical regions in the world, including Asia, Middle East, and North Africa. The most active constituent of black cumin is thymoquinone representing 18.4%–24% of the volatile oil and thymol. Data about thymoquinone and thymol came from the country of origin, but no data from tropical region. This study aimed to analyze the production of chlorophyll, thymoquinone, thymol, and malondialdehyde from black cumin cultivated at three altitudes of Indonesian tropical region. The result showed that Kuwait accession cultivated at middle altitude contains the highest levels of thymoquinone (2940.43 mg/kg), and the highest levels of thymol were found in India accession cultivated at high altitude (141.46 mg/kg). Data showed that the level of malondialdehyde at low (220 meter above sea level [masl]) and middle (560 masl) altitudes is higher than high (1.280 masl) altitude.

Biodiesel Production From Algae to Overcome the Energy Crisis Suliman Khan; Rabeea Siddique; Wasim Sajjad; Ghulam Nabi; Khizar Mian Hayat; Pengfei Duan; Lunguang Yao
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 4 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The use of energy sources has reached at the level that whole world is relying on it. Being the major source of energy, fuels are considered the most important. The fear of diminishing the available sources thirst towards biofuel production has increased during last decades. Considering the food problems, algae gain the most attention to be used as biofuel producers. The use of crop and food-producing plants will never be a best fit into the priorities for biofuel production as they will disturb the food needs. Different types of algae having the different production abilities. Normally algae have 20%–80% oil contents that could be converted into different types of fuels such as kerosene oil and biodiesel. The diesel production from algae is economical and easy. Different species such as tribonema, ulothrix and euglena have good potential for biodiesel production. Gene technology can be used to enhance the production of oil and biodiesel contents and stability of algae. By increasing the genetic expressions, we can find the ways to achieve the required biofuel amounts easily and continuously to overcome the fuels deficiency. The present review article focusses on the role of algae as a possible substitute for fossil fuel as an ideal biofuel reactant.

Genotype and Phenotype Characterization of Indonesian Phytophthora infestans Isolates Collected From Java and Outside Java Island Dwinita Wikan Utami; Dinar Ambarwati
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 4 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Phytophthora infestans, the cause of late blight disease, is a worldwide problem in potato and tomato production. To understand the biology and ecology of P. infestans and the mechanism of spatial and temporal factors for the variation in P. infestans, the population diversity is required to be fully characterized. The objective of this research is to characterize the diversity of P. infestans. Surveys and collection of P. infestans isolates were performed on many locations of potato's production center in Indonesia, as in Java (West Java, Central Java, and East Java) and outside of Java islands (Medan, Jambi, and Makassar). The collected isolates were then analyzed for their virulence diversity via plant disease bioassays on differential varieties and genotype diversity based on fragment analysis genotypes profile using the multiplexing 20 simple sequence repeat markers. The virulence characterization showed that the isolates group from Makassar, South Sulawesi, have the broad spectrum virulence pathotype to R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 differential plants. Simple sequence repeat genotype characterization showed that in general, the population structure of P. infestans grouping is accordance to the origin of the sampling locations. The diversity between populations is lower than diversity between isolates in one location population groups. The characters of P. infestans population showed that the population diversity of P. infestans more occurs on individual isolates in one location compared with the diversity between the population location sampling.

Physiological Basis for the Tolerance of Yeast Zygosaccharomyces bisporus to Salt Stress Akshya Sharma; Sukesh Chander Sharma
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 4 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Zygosaccharomyces bisporus is a moderately halotolerant yeast isolated from highly sugary and salty foods. We performed various evident biochemical and in vivo experiments as first of its kind to sketch out the possible overlay of salt tolerance mechanism in this model organism. The growth and survival curve analysis revealed that 1.0 M NaCl concentration (sublethal) enacts growth inhibitory effects with prompting immediate delay in cell division cycle; however, yeast cells adopted modified stress physiologically with further stretched stress spans which was accompanied by an upsurge in the level of cellular metabolites such as trehalose (reserve carbohydrate) and chiefly glycerol (polyols) as major compatible osmolytes, suggesting their role in defense mechanism against osmotic stress. To further elucidate the relation of osmotic stress cell physiology to salinity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl, and reduced glutathione content were measured in salt-stressed cells demonstrating positive correlation of reactive oxygen species generation in Z. bisporus with an elevated concentration of lipid and protein oxidation, thereby damaging cell membrane and eventually causing cell death. We assessed NaCl exposure sourcing increased intracellular reactive oxygen species concentration, by an electron transfer-based colorimetric cupric-reducing antioxidantcapacity assay justifying that cellular total antioxidant capacity which uses all the combined antioxidant activities present within vitamins, proteins, lipids, and glutathione reverses these deleterious stress effects. Henceforth, performance of Z. bisporus MTCC 4801 mounted because of stress regime seems to be multifactorial.

Methylmercury Biosorption Activity by Methylmercury-resistant Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From West Sekotong, Indonesia Gasong, Beatrix T.; Abrian, Satriya; Setyabudi, Francis M.C. Sigit
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 4 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Methylmercury has been generally known as a toxic heavy metal for both human and environment. Bacterial-based bioremediation of heavy metal is suggested as an ecofriendly and low-cost bioremediation process. There was limited information regarding the role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as detoxification agent for methylmercury addressed for human body. West Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia, is one of the newly developed artisanal and small-scale gold mining site with high mercury contamination level. This present study was aimed to isolate the human origin methylmercury-resistant LAB and further evaluate their ability to absorb methylmercury. Methylmercury absorption assay was conducted in broth media. The remaining and absorbed methylmercury was measured using the gas chromatography flame ionization detector. A total of 56 methylmercury-resistant LAB isolates were isolated from 37 feces and 19 breast milk samples from 19 volunteers in West Sekotong. Of them, 10 isolates were further selected based on several basic probiotic characteristics and subjected to methylmercury removal assay. The selected isolates showed different methylmercury absorption ability ranged between 17.375 and 51.597 μg/g of wet mass of cell after incubated for 24 hours. Two isolates from feces showing the best removal activity were identified as Enterococcus durans and one isolates from breast milk as Enterococcus faecium based on the sequences of 16s rDNA.

Intravenous Versus Intraarterial Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells for Brain Ischemia in Rats Yetty Ramli; Ahmad Sulaiman Alwahdy; Mohammad Kurniawan; Berry Juliandi; Puspita Eka Wuyung; Yayi Dwina Bilianti Susanto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 4 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Cerebral ischemia is among the most common type of stroke seen in patient. Regeneration of death neurons remains questionable. Human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell(cbMNC) is one of the treatment options for ischemia stroke through their various advantages; availability, pluripotency, and immaturity. One group of healthy rats and three groups (n = 6 per group) of male Wistar rats undergone permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats were allowed to recover for 7 days before intraarterial and intravenous injection of 1 × 106 cells/kg of human cbMNC. Behavioral tests were performed before the MCAO, 1 week after MCAO, and at 3, 9, and 14 days after cbMNC injection. Brain infarct area and neurons in hippocampus were evaluated. Spontaneous activity was much significantly improved compared with the placebo group (p < 0.05). Comparing the neuron cells in hippocampus, intraarterial and intravenous have more changes in neurons morphology. No effect of cbMNC implantation in decreasing infarct area. Safety of xenogenic was confirmed by this study when the dosage of 1 × 106 cells/kg was used and showed their beneficial effects.

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