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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 385   386   387   388   389 
The Use of Serum Endothelin1and Myoglobin in the Evaluation of Renal Injury in Methamphetamine Abusers Shahbaa Waheed Sami; Basil O. Saleh; Muataz A AL-Qazzaz
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17812

Abstract

Methamphetamine is a type of psychoactive drug. It is a widely abused synthetic stimulant. Long-termexposure to methamphetamine leads to kidney damage and subsequently a gradual reduction in its function.Methamphetamine toxicity is the trigger of creatinine increase. Myoglobin is released to the blood circulationfrom injured muscle tissues after its long-term use and forms deposits in the renal tubules. Endothelin-1 isknown as the most powerful recognized renal vasoconstrictor. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) isthe most sensitive index to determine kidney function, and it is an important indicator of early diagnosis ofrenal injury. The study was conducted on 48 patients (study group) and 36 control group; their age range wasbetween 18-40 years. Those with history of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension,and alcohol addiction were excluded from the study. Fasting venous plasma samples were used to measurecreatinine, urea, eGFR, myoglobin and ET-1. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculatedusing the creatinine-based chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula. Themean (±SD) values of serum urea and creatinine levels of abuser subjects were significantly higher thanthose of control subjects. The mean (±SD) value of eGFR of abuser individuals was significantly lowerwhen compared with that of the control group (p < 0.0001). In addition, inabuser subjects we observed asignificant increase in mean values of serum levels of endothelin1 (p< 0.015) and myoglobin (p< 0.0001)in comparison with those of control group. Significant negative correlations between eGFR and duration ofmethamphetamine abuse (p< 0.0002) as well as a significant positive correlation between serum creatininelevels and duration of methamphetamine abuse (p< 0.0004) were noted in the patient’s group. Moreover,there was a significant positive correlation between serum myoglobin concentrations and endothelin1 levels(p<0.00001). This study concluded that abusers of methamphetamine need to be screened periodically forkidney function and measurements of their serum creatinine level as well as eGFR value. Both endothelin 1and myoglobin are important indicators of methamphetamine-induced kidney damage.
MYC Gene Mutations as Causative Pathways for Development and Treatment of Hematological Malignancies Saeed M Kabrah
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17814

Abstract

MYC is a proto-oncogene with deregulation of >50% of human cancers. The dysregulation of MYC causetumorigenesis, cell growth and proliferation, cell growth, and apoptosis. Novel therapy approaches leadto the direct inhibition of the MYC gene by disruption of MYC/Max complex, MYC destabilization,inhibition of MYC translation and/or transcription. Cetuximab and panitumumab act on the epidermalgrowth factor receptor (EGFR). Cetuximab is an immunoglobin G1 isotype of a monoclonal antibodythat produces antibody-dependent cell-mediated. Panitumumab is an immunoglobulin G2 isotypemonoclonal antibody. This antibody acts on different site of EGFR with different degree of affinity.Genome-wide association studies e.g., TWAS determine the aggregate genotypes. Enhancer is cellspecificgene regulation that cluster for binding sites of a transcription factor with spatially coordinatedto control the expression of one or more specific target genes. In this review, we will summarize noveldrugs in targeting cancerous MYC in haematological malignancy.
Swacha Bharat Abhiyan’s WaSH Technique” – Assessment of Knowledge and Practices in Urban Slum Settings: A Crosssectional Study M.C. Yadavannavar; Praveen Ganganahalli; Soumya Mirji; Sneha Arkeri; Sadafara Janwekar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17843

Abstract

Background: Safe drinking water, sanitation and healthy hygienic practices are essential for anindividual to carry a healthy life and absence of these is directly or indirectly responsible for mostcommunicable and non-communicable diseases. Objective: To assess the current status of knowledge&the level of practice regarding WaSH among urban slum dwellers. Methods: A cross-sectional studywas conducted in urban slums of field practice area of Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapur.Using systematic random sampling method, the sample size of 384 households was selected. Data wascollected through house-to-house survey using predesigned questionnaire by interviewing one adultrespondent from each selected householdabout knowledgeand practices regarding water, sanitation andhygiene. Results: The average age of the adult respondent of the house was 40.65 ± 17.54 years amongwhich majority were females (63.80%). Only 28.39% of households had knowledge regarding waterborne diseases& around 72.4% of households were aware of Swacha Bharat Abhiyan. Conclusion:Even though Swacha Bharat Abhiyan was initiated in 2014 there is a clear gap between their knowledgeand their actual practice. Therefore, better measures have to be taken to spread awareness among thepublic.
Comparative Study of Various Human Ossification Centers From 10 Years to 20 Years of Age Y.V.Ratna Raju; M. Rajeev Varma; Raja sekhar Uppu; P Vijaya Kumar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17845

Abstract

Introduction: The appearance and fusion of different ossification centers has a sequence. The processof union of epiphysis and diaphysis is called fusion and the fusion is a process, not an event. This studyis an attempt to compare various human ossification centers radiologically in both males and femalesfor estimation of age.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study based on the radiological findings from the casesreferred to the Dept of forensic medicine, Rangaraya medical college, Kakinada. X-rays of shoulder,elbow, wrist and pelvis are utilized for this study. Age range of cases we studied was 10-20yrs of age.Ossification centers for upper end of humerus, medial epicondyle, upper end of radius, lower endof ulna, lower end of radius, pisiform, base of first metacarpal, iliac crest, femur head and greatertrochanter were studied in relation to each other. The ossification process is divided into 7 progressivestages (0-6) based on the stage of appearance and fusion of the ossification centers. Master charts wereprepared for boys and girls separately and analyzed.Results and Conclusion: Radiological findings of shoulder, elbow, wrist and pelvis from a total of 109belonging to the females and 40 belonging to the males were studied and a point score taking Gray’sanatomy as standard and making correction for Indians is given to the 10 ossification centers studied. Itis found that with increasing age the point score is increasing. It is found that the point score in femalesis higher than in males at a given age in majority of cases indicating ossification process concludingearly in females than in males.
Assessment of Nicotine Dependence Using Fagerstrom Tolerance Scale among Tobacco Chewers and Smokers Manju J; Krithika C; Sathya K; Ashika A; Reshma Nasreen M; Gayathri P.S
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17870

Abstract

Aim: To assess the level of nicotine dependence using Fagerstrom tolerance to nicotine dependencequestionnaire among tobacco chewers and smokers.Materials and Method: About 30 participants were included in the study and divided into two groupsin which 15 had the habit of using smokeless tobacco and 15 were smokers. Fagerstrom Tolerance toNicotine Dependence (FTND) questionnaire was given to the participants which has a scoring pointsfor their answers through which level of nicotine dependence is assessed.Results: The overall score for nicotine dependence when compared between the two groups the resultwas statistically significant.Conclusion: The level of nicotine dependence helps to plan for the treatment and also motivate thetobacco users to quit the habit.
Relationship between the Safe Benzene Concentration with Blood Profile of Printing X Surabaya Workers Aisyah Noor Shofi Hanifah; Abdul Rohim Tualeka; Dani Nasirul Haqi; Syamsiar S Russeng; Pudji Rahmawati; Ahsan Ahsan; Indri H Susilowati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.17872

Abstract

Introduction : Benzene is a volatile compound and widely uses as a solvent. In its work process, printingindustry used materials containing benzene. One of the target organs of benzene exposure is bone marrow.Therefore, the effect of benzene exposure is damage to the blood formation system.Methods : This research was an observational study with a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design.Subjects used 11 workers population of printing X Surabaya. All variables were analyzed by using rankspearman correlation.Result: The test results showed that most of the levels of benzene exposure exceeded the determined LimitValue. A total of 6 (64%) workers worked ≥ 10 years. The test results revealed significant benzene exposurewith changes in HCT and MCHC values. The average safe concentration of benzene is 0.01868. The resultsof safe C testing with blood profile showed that significant for safe C Benzene with red blood cells RBC andHCT (p<0,05).Conclussion : The results of the calculation of safe C benzene and blood profile of workers showed asignificant relationship between safe C and RBC and HCT. There was no significant relationship in WBC,HGB, MCV, MCH, MCHC.
Effect of Gingival Biotype on the Progression of Periodontal Disease Mranali K Shetty; Neetha J Shetty
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17875

Abstract

Background: The causes that interfere with the outcome of dental treatment is gingival biotypeScalloped –thin and flat-thick are the types of gingival biotypes. Periodontal diseases progress differentlyin response to plaque associated inflammation. While periodontal pocket may be the result in flat thickgingival biotype , gingival recession may be the result of scalloped and thin gingival biotype. With thisbackground this study aimed at evaluating the relation between gingival biotype and the progression ofperiodontal diseases .Materials and Methods: Sixty systemically healthy subjects between 30-50years of age, diagnosedwith chronic periodontitis who visited outpatient department of Manipal college of dental sciences,Mangalore, India, took part in the study. The subjects were explained about the study, and writtenconsent was obtained. A thorough dental examination with a comprehensive survey of maxillary centralincisors and lateral incisors was performed to assess the following clinical parameters: Bleeding onprobing, probing pocket depth, loss of attachment, gingival thickness and gingival recession . Thecollected data was subjected to statistical analysis.Results: The mean Gingival thickness for the central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine were 1.11 mm,1.01 mm, and 0.82 mm, respectively. ANOVA test was done to compare the gingival thicknessbetween the incisors which was statistically significant with a value < 0.001. The PosthocTukey tests comparing gingival recession showed a mean difference of 1.324* and wasstatistically significant with a p value of < 0.001. Comparison of probing pocket depth showeda mean difference of 0.882* which again was statistically significant with a p value of < 0.001.
An Examination of the Severity of Periodontal Disease in Elderly Men with Varying Degrees of Physical Activity Smitha Shetty; Smeet Gusani; Mranali K Shetty
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i1.17876

Abstract

Abstract Objectives: Regular physical activity has been shown to protect against chronic diseases instudies. The majority of studies have only looked at this association in children and teenagers. The goalof our study was to see how regular physical activity affected elderly males.Methods: The study comprised 90 male patients aged 50 to 69 who visited the A. B. Shetty MemorialInstitute of Dental Sciences’ outpatient department.Results: The prevalence of localized periodontitis was highest among the medium physical activitygroup and prevalence of generalized periodontits was highest among low physical activity group.Conclusions: Our findings reveal that regardless of the patients’ levels of physical activity, they alldeveloped periodontitis, which was linked to their brushing habits.
Time Management Program and Its Effect on Work Stress among Head Nurses Marwa Abd El Rahman Gaber; FatmaHamdy Hassan; Rabab Mahmoud Hassan
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15846

Abstract

Background: Effective time management has become increasingly important for head nurses to accomplishthe health care organizations’ objectives. Also, time management can help head nurses in balancing theirprofessional and personal lives . Learning how to manage nursing time at work will reduce work stress,burnout and gain control over work. Objective: the present study is conducted to evaluate the effect oftime management program for the head nurses on their work stress. Materials and Methods: A quasiexperimentalresearch design (intervention and control) with pretest and posttest has been conducted toachieve the aim of this study. The study was conducted at Ain-Shams University Hospitals. The subjects ofthe study included 115 head nurses working in Ain Shams University hospitals. The subjects were dividedinto two groups, intervention and control group. Results: The results indicated that there was a highlystatistical significant difference between pre /post, pre / follow up results regarding time managementknowledge level , time management skills , time wasters and work stress in favor of the intervention groupp-value <0.001, whereas there was no statistically significant difference or improvement in the controlgroup (p > .05). Conclusion: The study revealed that the head nurses work stress decreased markedly afterimplementing the time management program in the intervention group than the control group.
Emotional and Cognitive Impairment Among Cardiac Patients - A Narrative Review Sarika M L; Sasmita Das; Suresh Kumar Behera
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17882

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is a major group of contributing 31% of global mortality rate. The lifestyle changesare the key role to develop such diseases. The cardiovascular diseases are altering the life style practices andneed to change their routine life style. There are many related co morbidities that may arise after the cardiacevent. In which the emotional and cognitive co morbidities are making further risk to the subsequent cardiacevent. Therefore the correct and prompt treatment is needed for the prevention of the co morbidities. The mainaim of this narrative review is to find out the burden of emotional and cognitive impairment and to find outthe effect of relaxation technique on the reduction of the emotional and cognitive impairment among cardiacpatients. Mainly the online data sources including PubMed, PubMed central, Cochrane, Medline, Googlescholar were searched for the related studies. The main emotional imbalance are depression and stress.In which depression is contributing the major role among cardiac patients. The major pathophysiologicalchanges after myocardial infarction that lea to the emotional and cognitive symptoms are due to the reducedblood supply to brain and the anaerobic metabolism. There are different complimentary therapies are therefor the management of the emotional co morbidities. In which the relaxation therapy is very useful therapyin the emotional imbalance management.

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