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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Predisposition Factors in Exclusive Breastfeeding in Infants-Literature Review Subagyo; Suparji; Nana Usnawati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15953

Abstract

Background. Nutritional intake inthe first thousand days of a child’s life up to 2 yesars old is very important for growth and development. The low number of exclusive breasfeeding is still to be concern of the Indonesian governmnet .Based on data from Magetan District Health Office in 2019, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the Poncol Puskesmas was 48,4 %. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to systematically review some of the results of recent research on the drivers that influence the success of exclusive breastfeeding, namely the factors of knowledge, education, employment, and attitude.The type of research used is systematic literature review (SLR) using the Preffered Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) approach. The database used are DOAJ and SINTA (Garuda), the last 5 years publication limits, analytical research, cross sectional research designs, full text articles, research areas are Indonesia. From the research results found 546 journals and after screening obtained 9 relevant journals. Regarding education, 3 out of 4 journals stated that there was a relationship between education and exclusive breastfeeding. On the employment factor, 4 out 5 journals stated that there was a relationship between wprk and exclusive breastfeeding. In the knowledge factor, all of journals stated that there was a relationship between knowledge and eclusive breastfeeding. While in the attitude factor, 3 out of 4 journals stated that there was a relatioship between attitude and exclusive breastfeeding.The majority, of journal state that there is relationship between education, knowledge, employment, and attitude of mother’s breatfeeding. It is hoped that the results of this review will be able to bring change to readers, especially health workers who have a very important role in providing education and promotion regarding exclusive breastfeeding.
Low Dose Radiotherapy (LDRT) Can Be an Option For Curing COVID-19? Soma S. Mohammed Amin; Salah Qadir Mahmood; Muhammed Babakir-Mina
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15954

Abstract

In December 2019, the epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan in China. Symptoms of COVID-19 are non-definite and mild symptoms include: fever, cough. However, elderly and populations with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension are more likely to be at risk of severe pulmonary infection and death. Many therapies have been proposed and assed for treating (COVID-19). In April 2020, two papers appeared that suggested clinical trials of low dose radiotherapy (LDRT) for COVID19 pneumonia. Following that, some researchers carried out some studies, and they modify the amount of doses and fractionation. Regarding the aging, some study using a sensitive age that ranged from 18 to 50 years, are more likely to have stochastic effects that cannot analyzed directly as it needs more time to experience these effects. In this review, we analysis the possibility of a low dose radiotherapy that can have in treating COVID-19 pneumonia, by using almost all accessed publications that performed on a low dose radiotherapy (LDRT) for curing bacteria or virus as well as studies that focus on using LDRT for antiinflammatory. We show that LDRT can perform the mitigation and the repair response of the immune system to provide a potential therapy of COVID-19. A single dose of low-dose radiotherapy can be effective in both cost and time and could potentially relieve symptoms of respiratory rapidly. However, such treatment would not be without obstacle and it can be difficult since it is necessary to recognize those few patients who are more benefit from radiation treatment and identifying short and long-term impacts. clinical stage of disease should be known. Additionally, it is not acceptable to report that LDRT would be superior to any type treatment that are currently under taking, until results from clinical trial will be released.
Gender Differentiation in Tryptophan Metabolism in Postmortem Cases Somlada Watcharakhom; Kanicnan Intui; Yutti Amornlertwatana; Churdsak Jaikang
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15955

Abstract

Tryptophan (TRP) is an essential amino acid and is metabolized via kynurenine and serotonin pathway. Both pathways are significant role in many diseases and have been studied as biomarkers for differentiate and clarify in many diseases including forensic works. Metabolism in the body might be affected by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This study aimed to compare postmortem blood level of TRP and its metabolites in male and female to be applied in gender identification in forensic medicine cases. Blood samples were collected from male group (n=11) and female group (n=11) and the level of the TRP and its metabolites were identified by HPLC-DAD. The values of the TRP, metabolites and metabolite ratios did not different between the groups. While, the value of ratio of picolinic acid/ quinolinic acid different significantly (p <0.05) among the groups which might be applied for gender identification in postmortem cases. In conclusion, we found that gender have no effect on the TRP and its metabolites. By the way, the effect of gender should be expanded sample size and develop to gender identification method.
Study on Heart Measurements of the People between the Age 20-40 Years Present to the Teaching Hospital Colombo North – Post Mortem Study De Lasantha. S. K. De Silva; Priyanath DC; M.M.A.C Gunathilake
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15958

Abstract

Introduction: Presence of an enlarged heart provides a basis for determination of the cause and mechanisms of death. Gender, physical activity, and Body Mass Index (BMI) may affect the sizeof organs. Knowledge on such normal variations is needed in order to recognize theabnormalities.Objectives- This research was conducted to study the dimensions of the heart(heart weight, left ventricular thickness and valvular circumferences) among the young adult healthy deceased autopsies and evaluate their association with differentvariables.Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study and 20-40 years of age healthy, young, adult, males and females in equal numbers who had died suddenly were studied by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Details of the past history and the measurements were enteredinto a proforma and the anonymous data wereused for analysis.Results: The study revealed that the mean values of the heartweight was 280.52g (SD+/- 42.60), it was 293.94g (SD+/-39.29) for males and 267.10g (SD+/-42.64) for females. There was no significant association of heart weight with gender (P= 0.46410). There was a significant association between BMI and the heart weight of the females (P= 0.0387), no such association for left ventricular wall thickness. Further, there was a significant difference of the tricuspid valve circumference among two genders and the values were 11.6cm (SD+/-0.82) for males and 10.7cm (SD+/-0.6) forfemales.Conclusions: Majority of the findings was consistent with the findings of the studies globally on Caucasians. Increased body mass index was significantly associated with increased heart weight among females which could probably be explained as a consequence of increased epicardial fat since there was no such association for left ventricular wallthickness.
Autopsy Study of thoraco-abdominal Injuries in Road Traffic Accident Sirsat Kunal Bhimrao; Ambade Vipul N; Gilbe Pratik; Sharma Manu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15959

Abstract

The present cross-sectional study was carried out in Apex Medical centre at Nagpur to determine the pattern of thoraco-abdominal injuries in road traffic accident. Two-wheeler riders were the commonest type of victims of thoraco-abdominal injuries followed by pedestrian. Motorised two-wheelers was the commonest type of victim’s vehicle in contrast to heavy motor vehicle (HMV- truck/ bus) as the commonest type of offending vehicle of thoracoabdominal injuries in road traffic accident. Thorax region was more commonly involved than abdominal region in thoraco-abdominal injuries with abrasion as the commonest type of external injury followed by contusion and laceration. Fracture of ribs was the commonest internal injury in thoracic region followed by injury to lungs in comparison to injury to liver in abdominal region. Laceration was the commonest type of injury in all thoracoabdominal organs except kidneys and bladder
Ethnobotanical Study of Postnatal Medicinal Plants in the Ethnic Madurese in Bangkalan Regency, East Java, Indonesia Siti Muslichah; Rodiyati Azrianingsih; Serafinah Indriyani; Estri Laras Arumingtyas
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15960

Abstract

Postnatal period is a time for women to recover and take on new roles. Plants have an important role in the traditional posnatal care in many cultures around the world especially in rural areas. The use of medicinal plants is common among Madurese women especially to aid postpartum care. This research aimed to record the use of plants for postnatal care among the Madurese in Bangkalan Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Data were collected from local informants consisting of traditional birth attendants, herbal medicine makers, and herbal medicine sellers through open and semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed quantitatively using the Use Value (UV), Family Use Value (FUV), and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) parameters. There were 143 species of medicinal plants from 55 families identified as plants used for recovery during the postnatal period. Ginger is a plant that has the highest use value (1.84), followed by turmeric (1.81). There are five plant species which have very high ICS value. Ginger has the highest ICS value (168), followed by turmeric (132). The family with the highest FUV value was Zingiberaceae (0.79). Among the Madurese, medicinal plants are mostly used in multiherbal forms consisting of 2 to 30 plants. There are 13 kinds of concoctions used in postnatal care consisting of 8 multiherbal potions used orally and 5 herbs for external uses. Madurese women believe that the use of these herbs will speed up the postpartum recovery process and reduce postnatal diseases. This valuable knowledge should be continued to be applied by the young generation in order to maintain its existence and to conserve the plants used in this region.
Study of Correlation of Dental Age with Radiological Age Sharad V. Kuchewar; Trishul O. Padole; Santosh H. Bhosle; Anil K. Batra
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15961

Abstract

Age is defined as the length of time an organism or individual has survived after birth. Age assessment is necessary for people without birth registrations, getting access to education, government policies, employment, marriage registration, young criminals claiming to be underage, and so on. Under 25 years of age, following parameters are key factors to opine about age of individual - Dental eruption, Bone size and maturity, ossification centre & epiphysial union. Aim of the study was age determination by Correlation of Dental findings with Radiological findings. This study included 83 individuals brought by police to SVN Govt. Medical college, Yavatmal, for age determination, out of them 56 were males and 27 were females between age group of 10-25 years. The oral cavity was examined for dentition as per Federation Dentaire Internationale (F.D.I.) system. X-rays of the body joints are recommended for determining the age groups. The results obtained were compared with reference value available for same parameter, for standard deviation, Pearson correlation and p values. Very strong correlation found between Radiological age and Final age (0.9994) while correlation between Dental age and Radiological age was 0.9961. Concluded highly significant p-value (p<0.0001) found between Dental, Radiological and Final age.
Correlation between Blood Group Phenotypes and Incidence of Helicobacter pyloriInfection Shaymaa Hasan Abbas; Sura Abbas Khdair; Noor Wafaa Hashim; Lubab Tarek Nafea; Yasmeen Jamal Ali; Farah Nazar Mahmood
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15962

Abstract

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, spiral and flagellated bacteria.Thisinfection might be present in more than 50 percent of people in the world.It has been found for several years that gastric carcinoma occur more frequently in patients with blood group A, while duodenal ulcer had been associated with blood group O. Methodology: This is a prospective randomized controlled study in which patients who were newly diagnosed with H. pylori infectionsincluded. Sixty-one, selected Iraqi patients were (37 female and 24 male), with age ranges between (17-70) years. The Patients who enrolled in this study were divided according to (ABOBlood groups) into four groups.Data were collected from the patientsthrough direct interview included the age, gender, history of the disease, blood group, and Rhesus (Rh) factor. Results: In this study thelargest proportion(42.62%) of H. pylori infected patients according to ABO phenotypes was found in blood group O, and the smallest proportion(8.2%) was in blood group AB. Though the mean age of H. pylori infected patients in blood group O was higher than the other blood groups and less mean age was in blood group B.The female patients exhibited greater percentages of H. pylori infection than males for blood groups A, blood groups B, and blood group AB except for O blood groups patients where proportion of male was more than female. On the other hand the percentage of H. pylori infected patients in this study according to Rh factor distributed as follow: in +Rh factor (78.69%) and -Rh factor (21.31%).Conclusion:The incidence of H. pylori infection is high in patients with blood group O so, the blood group phenotypes may play a role in H. pylori infection. Meanwhile there was no correlation between age, and Rh status with distribution of H. pylori infection among different ABO phenotypes patients.However, larger sample size is needed to further clarify this association.
Antibacterial Activity of Methanol Extract of Red Dragon Fruit Peel ( Hylocereus polyrhizus) against MethicillinSusceptible Staphylococcus aureus ( MSSA) ATCC 25923 and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) In Vitro Shazia Hafazhah Aulia; Yuani Setiawati; Eko Budi Koendhori
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15963

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most virulent Staphylococcus which could cause systemic broad-spectrum infections and developed resistant strains. Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel has a broad antibacterial activity against both gram-negative and positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus. Objective: To determine and compare the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of red dragon fruit peel against Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Method: Well diffusion test method was performed on 5 concentrations: 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0%, dissolved in DMSO 10% where at a concentration of 100% contains 1g/mL extract. The inhibition zone elicited as clear zone around the well then measured and analyzed with SPSS using One-Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD, to determine the significance of each concentration. Results: The mean diameter of the inhibition zone observed towards Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureuswas 9.5333 ± 0.26822 - 15.4167 ± 0.22048, while bigger zone was found in Mueller-Hinton plate with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus which is 12.30 ± 0.20817 - 17.80 ± 0.25166 mm. Conclusion: This study showed that methanol extract of red dragon fruit peel has antibacterial activity against S. aureus, and shows higher antibacterial activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus than MethicillinSusceptible Staphylococcus aureus.
A Retrospective Postmortem Study of Hyoid Bone Fractures in Mechanical Asphyxial Death Shivaramu MG; Vijay Kumar AG
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 3 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i3.15964

Abstract

In the present study, 11 cases were belongs to 21 to 30 year age group followed by 9 cases belongs to 31-40 year age group. Among patients studied, 54% were males and 46 % were females, in 80% of the cases manner of death was hanging and in 4% of cases was strangulation and 6% of cases was throttling, out of 20 cases of hanging hyoid bone fracture (Anteroposterior compression fracture) was seen in 2 cases and out of 2 cases of strangulation hyoid bone fracture was not found and out of 3 cases of throttling, hyoid bone fracture (Inward compression fracture) was found in all cases.

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