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Published by Universitas Katolik Parahyangan
ISSN : 27226336     EISSN : 27233855     DOI : Prefix 10.26593
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
FOCUS or FOCUS: Theological Studies is an open-access journal covering multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and trans-disciplinary studies of religion in the field of theology. Theology is a field of study that examines logically the doctrines of faith in religions that are connected to the context of the problems of contemporary society in this world. This theological study, first, is transformative theology which is empirical scientific reflection. Second, it is contemporary theology that has an actual and solution role in contemporary social reality. Therefore, the focus and scope of publication of FOCUS are based on rigorous research, accountable methodologies, and new findings based on good scientific ethical standards in the disciplines of the study of religions in the field of theology.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 120 Documents
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Liberal Islamic Thoughts in Indonesia Radea Y. A. Hambali; Leonardus Samosir
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (189.537 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v3i1.5843

Abstract

The understanding of freedom of thought in Islam which is the soul / spirit of the liberal Islamic movement that grows in the context of Islamic thinking in Indonesia originates from Islamic tradition; although in its development Western modernization has also colored liberal Islamic discourse. Therefore, liberal ideas need not always be understood in the Western context and by using Western barometers. On the other hand, liberal Islam can be understood in the sense of those who are opposed to revivalism that often discusses orthodox themes that are considered established, such as Islamic teachings on politics, democracy, women's rights, religious pluralism, freedom of thought and ideas about progress. By always re-enacting these themes, liberal Islamic groups believe that Islam will be able to play an important role in the contemporary world. Furthermore, the development of liberal Islam in Indonesia cannot be separated from the context of the development of the understanding of the liberalization of Islamic thought in the Islamic world. Included in this case is the treatment that often discredits liberal Islamic groups that occur both in the Muslim world and in Indonesia.
The Impact of Using Mining Technology on the Environment in the Manggarai Mine Circle Community From the Ethical Perspective of Hans Jonas Hironimus Jesanto Tamat; Herman Flani Odang
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (244.004 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v3i2.5799

Abstract

This paper focuses on the issue of the impact of the use of mining technology on the environment of the Manggarai mining circle community from the perspective of Hans Jonas responsibility ethics. Technological advances increasingly developing have a tangible impact on the entire order of human life. In addition to being very helpful to humans in everyday life, it turns out that the presence of technology negatively impacts humans, including the environment. The environment is often used as an object that provides satisfaction and benefits for humans, even so, many problems arise due to the transition of functions to nature to generate profits. The environment becomes threatened because it is polluted and damaged. The authors raised this issue using the literature method with the sources used in the form of literature from various books and journals. According to Hans Jonas, the findings of this paper are that the environment is the place and future of all living things, especially humans. Therefore, the living environment needs to be appropriately maintained, cared for, and preserved for the integrity of the existing creation and living in it.
Tuhan dan Masalah Kejahatan dalam Diskursus Ateisme dan Teisme Budhy Munawar-Rachman
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (302.314 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v3i2.6081

Abstract

Artikel ini mendiskusikan bagaimana kehendak bebas manusia telah mengantarkannya ke dalam kejahatan. Demikian karena dengan kehendak bebas, jelaslah bahwa Allah yang memberi kebebasan pada manusia itu berarti sekaligus dengan segala konsekuensinya, yaitu keleluasaan dalam memilih (free choice). Kajian ini bersifat investigasi filosofis seperti yang dilakukan oleh A. Plantinga dengan metode analisis tekstual. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa kebebasan yang diharapkan dapat membawa manusia kepada kebaikan-kebaikan dan perkembangan spiritual dirinya sebagai manusia, jelas mengandaikan kemungkinan penyalahgunaan kebebasan, hingga batas yang paling tidak masuk akal sekalipun, perbuatan-perbuatan irasional yang sangat kejam. Ada kejahatan yang menghasilkan konsekuensi yang melebihi dari yang diduga, tetapi ada juga kemungkinan manusia melakukan kejahatan yang memang sungguh-sungguh irasional yang dilakukan secara sadar.
Islam and the Prevention of Violence Against Children Through the Implementation of the National Movement Against Sexual Crimes Naila Farah; Lutfiana Nisarohmah; Ratri Wulandari; Tryana Hafilda Dewi
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (284.289 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v3i2.6082

Abstract

Today, many cases of violence are widely reported in the mass media. The most recent case is the problem of sexual violence that affects children, where most of the perpetrators are acquaintances of the victim. Children become targets of violence because their position is always judged as weak, helpless, and dependent on the adults around them. This study discusses the state and religion's role in protecting children from sexual violence. This research was conducted with a sociological approach through the resource mobilization theory. The results of this study inform the definition of violence, Islamic views on children, and efforts to protect children through the National Movement Against Sexual Crimes Against Children (Gerakan Nasional Anti Kejahatan Seksual Terhadap Anak; GN-AKSA). The conclusion of this study shows that Islamic values ​​that advocate for good care of children can be merged with GN-AKSA as an effort to protect children from sexual violence.
Implementasi Pandangan Plato tentang Negara Ideal dalam Toleransi Umat Beragama di Indonesia Andreas Doweng Bolo; Purwanti Purwanti; Vabianus Louk; Mateus Elbert Biliyandi; Frederikson Pehan Ritan; Belasius Pantur
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (225.113 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v3i2.6091

Abstract

Tulisan ini ditujukan untuk menumbuhkan rasa cinta pada negara sehingga masyarakat mampu menjadi manusia yang bernegara dan beragama. Rasa cinta pada negara menjadikan masyarakat mempunyai satu visi yang sama dengan negara. Menjadi manusia yang bernegara dan beragama memampukan seseorang dalam seluruh dirinya dituntun kepada panggilan hati nurani dan kesucian. Panggilan menjadi manusia bernegara tidak bisa tanpa menjadi manusia yang beragama, begitupun sebaliknya. Dengan metode kepustakaan dan analisis deskriptif, tulisan ini mencoba mengeksplorasi berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan. Melalui tulisan ini dapat dikatakan bahwa terwujudnya toleransi antar umat beragama berkaitan bagaimana menjadikan masyarakat memiliki kualitas hidup yang baik. Kualitas hidup yang baik ini bertitik tolak dari pandangan Plato mengenai negara ideal yang setiap orang memiliki kemauan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Manusia yang berkualitas adalah manusia yang mampu menjaga keharmonisan antara hidup bernegara dan beragama sehingga toleransi beragama dapat terwujud.
Konsep Universalitas Islam dan Katolik serta Realitas Dinamikanya dalam Kehidupan Manusia Martinus H.W. Adiyanto; Imanuel Bonaventura F.L.; Andreas Fajar Purwanto
FOCUS Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (258.599 KB) | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v3i2.6122

Abstract

Human life is closely related to a pluralistic reality. Pluralism is a world reality that cannot be avoided and rejected. Pluralism itself needs to be considered a gift God gives humans. A pluralistic world provides more color to human life. This requires an attitude of inclusiveness in social life so that humans can avoid harmful conflicts. The attitude of inclusiveness can be found in the universalistic spirit of the two major religions. Catholic Christianity and Islam adhere to universalism in spreading their religious teachings. Almost in every part of the world, we can find adherents of Christianity, Catholicism, and Islam. Universalism in both religious teachings requires everyone to be able to join as a member regardless of ethnic and national background. Inclusiveness in the spirit of the universalism of the two religions is often tarnished by the actions of fundamentalist extremist individuals or groups. The particular group's activities certainly cannot generalize the whole teaching in the religion. However, it can be a warning that the echo of exclusivity needs to be echoed again.
Studi Etnografi Tentang Stigmatisasi dan Konformitas Perempuan Perokok dalam Budaya Patriarki Nangoi, Jessica Priscilla; Daeli, Onesius Otenieli
FOCUS Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v4i1.6473

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengenai fenomena merokok merupakan kegiatan yang umum dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan etnografi sebagai pendekatannya. Data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan wawancara informan kunci, diskusi kelompok terfokus, observasi langsung, dan webinar umpan balik. Data menunjukkan bahwa rokok sering diasosiasikan dengan laki-laki dan maskulinitas. Perempuan yang merokok dianggap sebagai pemberontak. Inilah alasan mengapa orang menstigmatisasi perokok perempuan. Stigma tersebut merupakan pengaruh kuatnya patriarki dalam masyarakat Indonesia dan konformitas perempuan secara turun-temurun terhadap praktik-praktik lokal. Meski sebagian, terdapat responden perempuan tidak peduli dengan penilaian orang lain. Namun, stigma tersebut membuat sebagian responden perempuan menahan diri untuk tidak merokok di ruang publik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pendapat masyarakat tentang perokok wanita, menganalisis alasan mengapa wanita merokok, dan apa konsekuensi sosial menjadi seorang perokok. Temuan penelitian ini menjadi argument agar masyarakat berpikir kritis tentang kehidupan sosialnya sehingga tidak ada yang menjadi korban stigma termasuk para perempuan perokok.
The Role of Reading the Al-Quran on Peace of Mind Ahmad, Khadher bin; Huda, Dede Musa Samsul
FOCUS Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v4i1.6487

Abstract

Al-Qur’an is the guideline for human life, the holy book that there is no doubt in it, and even the medicine for all heart ailments. But sometimes, reading al-Qur’an becomes boring and does not necessarily have promising implications. This study aims to determine the role of reading al-Qur’an on the peace of mind of male students at the modern Islamic boarding school Al-Ihsan Baleendah, Bandung. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data collection techniques using observation and interviews. The subjects of this study were five people from a population of 12 who attended the congregation of reciting Qur’an (Jamiatul Qura—JMQ) at the Al-Ihsan Baleendah Modern Islamic Boarding School, Bandung. The sampling technique used is students. After the data is collected, the researchers use a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. The results showed that the mental condition of the male students who participated in the JMQ was calm and serene. The method of reading al-Qur’an is to follow adab ahlaqiyah and inner heart. Reading al-Qur’an and following the Shari'a recommended by religion. Reading al-Qur’an significantly increases the peace of mind of male students who attend JMQ at the Al-Ihsan Baleendah Modern Islamic Boarding School, Bandung.
Contribution of Religious Leaders in Behavioral Education in Adolescents Dollah, Hajjah Sri Rahayu Nurjanah binti Haji; Ulfah, Farida
FOCUS Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v4i1.6488

Abstract

This research departs from the problem of adolescent ethics which is very concerning, where teenagers who used to be polite but now have less ethics (morals), teenagers now speak harsh words that have become commonplace, even reluctant to participate in religious activities. such as recitation and ethics education provided by religious leaders to the community, youth, and young children. This study aims to find out what perceptions exist in society about the role of religious leaders in adolescents, to determine the contribution of religious leaders in shaping behavior in adolescents, to determine the condition of adolescent behavior in Tanjungbaru Village, Cikarang Timur Bekasi. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study used observation and interviews, supplemented by secondary data in the form of reference books, as well as previous research relevant to the research theme to support data in the field. This study uses the theory of structural functionalism from Talcott Parsons about change. The findings of this study are regarding the Contribution of Religious Leaders in Behavioral Education for Adolescents. A Descriptive Study of Ethics Education for Adolescents in Tanjung Baru Village, Kec. East Cikarang Regency. Bekasi, based on research results the contribution made by religious figures in behavioral (ethical) education to adolescents is by (1) establishing Islamic boarding schools, (2) mosque youth bonds (IRMAS), (3) exemplary, (4) direct advice or lectures.
Melawan Radikalisme di Media Sosial: Kampanye Moderasi Beragama Melalui Media Online di Indonesia Setia, Paelani; Haq, Mochamad Ziaul
FOCUS Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Focus
Publisher : Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/focus.v4i1.6571

Abstract

This paper will discuss online media sites implementing religious moderation campaigns in Indonesia. The case study in this paper is the online media Harakatuna.com. The research method is qualitative, collecting data through virtual ethnography or online observations of the Harakatuna.com media page and Harakatuna Media's Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook social media accounts. This research found that it is not appropriate if the religious moderation campaign has only been carried out through conventional methods such as seminars, recitations, and workshops. Therefore, Harakatuna.com is present as a campaign agent for religious moderation by taking a role in social media. Consequently, Harakatuna.com carries out counter-narrative radicalism by introducing peaceful religious moderation in Indonesia with digital methods such as webinars, scientific publications, and opinion writing. Furthermore, Harakatuna.com also carries out a counter-ideological role against the Khilafahism ideology that Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) echoes. Harakatuna.com carries out the counter-ideology through the Pancasila ideology campaign as the foundation of the nation and state by the values of religious teachings, including Islam. The roles carried out by Harakatuna.com are the actualization of the concept of a Cyber Islamic Environment, a new virtual world environment that can be used for the benefit of Muslims, one of which is the delivery of messages of religious moderation.

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